最近公司要准備做一個傳輸數據加密准備用RSA 首先說一下自己開發中越到到坑
開始后台做給了我字符串格式的公鑰、私鑰做調試
后台自己加密、解密、加簽、驗簽，都沒有問題， 我這邊同樣也是加密、解密、加簽、驗簽都沒有問題
加密每次都是不同的，但是加簽只要銘文固定，結果是一樣 問題出在，同樣的銘文，前端和后台加簽出來不結果
最后和后台討論用我們前端生成的文件進行加密解密
一、首先說一下生成公鑰、私鑰、證書的過程
openssl genrsa -out private_key.pem 1024 openssl req -new -key private_key.pem -out rsaCertReq.csr openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in rsaCertReq.csr -signkey private_key.pem -out rsaCert.crt openssl x509 -outform der -in rsaCert.crt -out public_key.der // Create public_key.der For IOS openssl pkcs12 -export -out private_key.p12 -inkey private_key.pem -in rsaCert.crt // Create private_key.p12 For IOS. 這一步，請記住你輸入的密碼，IOS代碼里會用到 openssl rsa -in private_key.pem -out rsa_public_key.pem -pubout // Create rsa_public_key.pem For Java openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -in private_key.pem -out pkcs8_private_key.pem -nocrypt // Create pkcs8_private_key.pem For Java
七個步驟總共生成7個文件。其中 public_key.der 和 private_key.p12 這對公鑰私鑰是給IOS用的， rsa_public_key.pem 和 pkcs8_private_key.pem 是給Java 后台用的
它們的源都來自一個私鑰：private_key.pem ， 所以IOS端加密的數據，是可以被JAVA端解密的，反過來也一樣。
二、IOS代碼提現
先請你把 public_key.der 和 private_key.p12 拖進你的Xcode項目里去 ， 也請引入 Security.framework 以及 NSData+Base64.h/m 到項目里。
（NSData+Base64.h/m）下載鏈接
RSAEncryptor.h:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface RSAEncryptor : NSObject
#pragma mark - Instance Methods -(void) loadPublicKeyFromFile: (NSString*) derFilePath; -(void) loadPublicKeyFromData: (NSData*) derData； -(void) loadPrivateKeyFromFile: (NSString*) p12FilePath password:(NSString*)p12Password; -(void) loadPrivateKeyFromData: (NSData*) p12Data password:(NSString*)p12Password; -(NSString*) rsaEncryptString:(NSString*)string; -(NSData*) rsaEncryptData:(NSData*)data ; -(NSString*) rsaDecryptString:(NSString*)string; -(NSData*) rsaDecryptData:(NSData*)data;
#pragma mark - Class Methods
+(void) setSharedInstance: (RSAEncryptor*)instance; +(RSAEncryptor*) sharedInstance;
@end
RSAEncryptor.m:
#import "RSAEncryptor.h"
#import <Security/Security.h>
#import "NSData+Base64.h"
@implementation RSAEncryptor
{
SecKeyRef publicKey;
SecKeyRef privateKey;
}
-(void)dealloc
{
CFRelease(publicKey);
CFRelease(privateKey);
}
-(SecKeyRef) getPublicKey {
return publicKey;
}
-(SecKeyRef) getPrivateKey {
return privateKey;
}
-(void) loadPublicKeyFromFile: (NSString*) derFilePath
{
NSData *derData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:derFilePath];
[self loadPublicKeyFromData: derData];
}
-(void) loadPublicKeyFromData: (NSData*) derData
{
publicKey = [self getPublicKeyRefrenceFromeData: derData];
}
-(void) loadPrivateKeyFromFile: (NSString*) p12FilePath password:(NSString*)p12Password
{
NSData *p12Data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:p12FilePath];
[self loadPrivateKeyFromData: p12Data password:p12Password];
}
-(void) loadPrivateKeyFromData: (NSData*) p12Data password:(NSString*)p12Password
{
privateKey = [self getPrivateKeyRefrenceFromData: p12Data password: p12Password];
}
#pragma mark - Private Methods
-(SecKeyRef) getPublicKeyRefrenceFromeData: (NSData*)derData
{
SecCertificateRef myCertificate = SecCertificateCreateWithData(kCFAllocatorDefault, (__bridge CFDataRef)derData);
SecPolicyRef myPolicy = SecPolicyCreateBasicX509();
SecTrustRef myTrust;
OSStatus status = SecTrustCreateWithCertificates(myCertificate,myPolicy,&myTrust);
SecTrustResultType trustResult;
if (status == noErr) {
status = SecTrustEvaluate(myTrust, &trustResult);
}
SecKeyRef securityKey = SecTrustCopyPublicKey(myTrust);
CFRelease(myCertificate);
CFRelease(myPolicy);
CFRelease(myTrust);
return securityKey;
}
-(SecKeyRef) getPrivateKeyRefrenceFromData: (NSData*)p12Data password:(NSString*)password
{
SecKeyRef privateKeyRef = NULL;
NSMutableDictionary * options = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[options setObject: password forKey:(__bridge id)kSecImportExportPassphrase];
CFArrayRef items = CFArrayCreate(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
OSStatus securityError = SecPKCS12Import((__bridge CFDataRef) p12Data, (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)options, &items);
if (securityError == noErr && CFArrayGetCount(items) > 0) {
CFDictionaryRef identityDict = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(items, 0);
SecIdentityRef identityApp = (SecIdentityRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(identityDict, kSecImportItemIdentity);
securityError = SecIdentityCopyPrivateKey(identityApp, &privateKeyRef);
if (securityError != noErr) {
privateKeyRef = NULL;
}
}
CFRelease(items);
return privateKeyRef;
}
#pragma mark - Encrypt
-(NSString*) rsaEncryptString:(NSString*)string {
NSData* data = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSData* encryptedData = [self rsaEncryptData: data];
NSString* base64EncryptedString = [encryptedData base64EncodedString];
return base64EncryptedString;
}
// 加密的大小受限於SecKeyEncrypt函數，SecKeyEncrypt要求明文和密鑰的長度一致，如果要加密更長的內容，需要把內容按密鑰長度分成多份，然后多次調用SecKeyEncrypt來實現
-(NSData*) rsaEncryptData:(NSData*)data {
SecKeyRef key = [self getPublicKey];
size_t cipherBufferSize = SecKeyGetBlockSize(key);
uint8_t *cipherBuffer = malloc(cipherBufferSize * sizeof(uint8_t));
size_t blockSize = cipherBufferSize - 11; // 分段加密
size_t blockCount = (size_t)ceil([data length] / (double)blockSize);
NSMutableData *encryptedData = [[NSMutableData alloc] init] ;
for (int i=0; i<blockCount; i++) {
int bufferSize = MIN(blockSize,[data length] - i * blockSize);
NSData *buffer = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(i * blockSize, bufferSize)];
OSStatus status = SecKeyEncrypt(key, kSecPaddingPKCS1, (const uint8_t *)[buffer bytes], [buffer length], cipherBuffer, &cipherBufferSize);
if (status == noErr){
NSData *encryptedBytes = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:(const void *)cipherBuffer length:cipherBufferSize];
[encryptedData appendData:encryptedBytes];
}else{
if (cipherBuffer) {
free(cipherBuffer);
}
return nil;
}
}
if (cipherBuffer){
free(cipherBuffer);
}
return encryptedData;
}
#pragma mark - Decrypt
-(NSString*) rsaDecryptString:(NSString*)string {
NSData* data = [NSData dataFromBase64String: string];
NSData* decryptData = [self rsaDecryptData: data];
NSString* result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData: decryptData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return result;
}
-(NSData*) rsaDecryptData:(NSData*)data {
SecKeyRef key = [self getPrivateKey];
size_t cipherLen = [data length];
void *cipher = malloc(cipherLen);
[data getBytes:cipher length:cipherLen];
size_t plainLen = SecKeyGetBlockSize(key) - 12;
void *plain = malloc(plainLen);
OSStatus status = SecKeyDecrypt(key, kSecPaddingPKCS1, cipher, cipherLen, plain, &plainLen);
if (status != noErr) {
return nil;
}
NSData *decryptedData = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:(const void *)plain length:plainLen];
return decryptedData;
}
#pragma mark - Class Methods
static RSAEncryptor* sharedInstance = nil;
+(void) setSharedInstance: (RSAEncryptor*)instance
{
sharedInstance = instance;
}
+(RSAEncryptor*) sharedInstance
{
return sharedInstance;
}
好了，現在可以進行加密解密了
在你需要的地方把以下代碼粘貼進去驗證
RSAEncryptor* rsaEncryptor = [[RSAEncryptor alloc] init];
NSString* publicKeyPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"public_key" ofType:@"der"];
NSString* privateKeyPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"private_key" ofType:@"p12"];
[rsaEncryptor loadPublicKeyFromFile: publicKeyPath];
[rsaEncryptor loadPrivateKeyFromFile: privateKeyPath password:@"ISAACS"]; // 這里，請換成你生成p12時的密碼
NSString* restrinBASE64STRING = [rsaEncryptor rsaEncryptString:@"I.O.S"];
NSLog(@"Encrypted: %@", restrinBASE64STRING); // 請把這段字符串Copy到JAVA這邊main()里做測試
NSString* decryptString = [rsaEncryptor rsaDecryptString: restrinBASE64STRING];
NSLog(@"Decrypted: %@", decryptString);
注意:代碼里注意請把密碼修改換成你的p12密碼。
三、JAVA 代碼：
package com.modules.Encryptor;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
public class RSAEncryptor {
public static void main(String[] args){
String privateKeyPath = "/Users/Isaacs/Desktop/RSA_KEYS/rsa_public_key.pem"; // replace your public key path here
String publicKeyPath = "/Users/Isaacs/Desktop/RSA_KEYS/pkcs8_private_key.pem"; // replace your private path here
RSAEncryptor rsaEncryptor = new RSAEncryptor(privateKeyPath, publicKeyPath);
try {
String test = "JAVA";
String testRSAEnWith64 = rsaEncryptor.encryptWithBase64(test);
String testRSADeWith64 = rsaEncryptor.decryptWithBase64(testRSAEnWith64);
System.out.println("\nEncrypt: \n" + testRSAEnWith64);
System.out.println("\nDecrypt: \n" + testRSADeWith64);
// NSLog the encrypt string from Xcode , and paste it here.
// 請粘貼來自IOS端加密后的字符串
// String rsaBase46StringFromIOS =
// "nIIV7fVsHe8QquUbciMYbbumoMtbBuLsCr2yMB/WAhm+S/kGRPlf+k2GH8imZIYQ" + "\r" +
// "QBDssVLQmS392QlxS87hnwMRJIzWw6vdRv/k79TgTfu6tI/9QTqIOvNlQIqtIcVm" + "\r" +
// "R/suvydoymKgdlB+ce5/tHSxfqEOLLrL1Zl2PqJSP4A=";
//
// String decryptStringFromIOS = rsaEncryptor.decryptWithBase64(rsaBase46StringFromIOS);
// System.out.println("Decrypt result from ios client: \n" + decryptStringFromIOS);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @param publicKeyFilePath
* @param privateKeyFilePath
*/
public RSAEncryptor(String publicKeyFilePath, String privateKeyFilePath) throws Exception {
String public_key = getKeyFromFile(publicKeyFilePath);
String private_key = getKeyFromFile(privateKeyFilePath);
loadPublicKey(public_key);
loadPrivateKey(private_key);
}
public RSAEncryptor() {
// load the PublicKey and PrivateKey manually
}
public String getKeyFromFile(String filePath) throws Exception {
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filePath));
String line = null;
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null){
list.add(line);
}
// remove the firt line and last line
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 1; i < list.size() - 1; i++) {
stringBuilder.append(list.get(i)).append("\r");
}
String key = stringBuilder.toString();
return key;
}
public String decryptWithBase64(String base64String) throws Exception {
// http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/ : org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64
// sun.misc.BASE64Decoder
byte[] binaryData = decrypt(getPrivateKey(), new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(base64String) /*org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.decodeBase64(base46String.getBytes())*/);
String string = new String(binaryData);
return string;
}
public String encryptWithBase64(String string) throws Exception {
// http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-codec/ : org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64
// sun.misc.BASE64Encoder
byte[] binaryData = encrypt(getPublicKey(), string.getBytes());
String base64String = new BASE64Encoder().encodeBuffer(binaryData) /* org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.encodeBase64(binaryData) */;
return base64String;
}
// convenient properties
public static RSAEncryptor sharedInstance = null;
public static void setSharedInstance (RSAEncryptor rsaEncryptor) {
sharedInstance = rsaEncryptor;
}
// From: http://blog.csdn.net/chaijunkun/article/details/7275632
/**
* 私鑰
*/
private RSAPrivateKey privateKey;
/**
* 公鑰
*/
private RSAPublicKey publicKey;
/**
* 獲取私鑰
* @return 當前的私鑰對象
*/
public RSAPrivateKey getPrivateKey() {
return privateKey;
}
/**
* 獲取公鑰
* @return 當前的公鑰對象
*/
public RSAPublicKey getPublicKey() {
return publicKey;
}
/**
* 隨機生成密鑰對
*/
public void genKeyPair(){
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen= null;
try {
keyPairGen= KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair= keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
this.publicKey= (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
}
/**
* 從文件中輸入流中加載公鑰
* @param in 公鑰輸入流
* @throws Exception 加載公鑰時產生的異常
*/
public void loadPublicKey(InputStream in) throws Exception{
try {
BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String readLine= null;
StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();
while((readLine= br.readLine())!=null){
if(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'){
continue;
}else{
sb.append(readLine);
sb.append('\r');
}
}
loadPublicKey(sb.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("公鑰數據流讀取錯誤");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公鑰輸入流為空");
}
}
/**
* 從字符串中加載公鑰
* @param publicKeyStr 公鑰數據字符串
* @throws Exception 加載公鑰時產生的異常
*/
public void loadPublicKey(String publicKeyStr) throws Exception{
try {
BASE64Decoder base64Decoder= new BASE64Decoder();
byte[] buffer= base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(publicKeyStr);
KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
this.publicKey= (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("無此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
throw new Exception("公鑰非法");
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("公鑰數據內容讀取錯誤");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("公鑰數據為空");
}
}
/**
* 從文件中加載私鑰
* @param keyFileName 私鑰文件名
* @return 是否成功
* @throws Exception
*/
public void loadPrivateKey(InputStream in) throws Exception{
try {
BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String readLine= null;
StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();
while((readLine= br.readLine())!=null){
if(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'){
continue;
}else{
sb.append(readLine);
sb.append('\r');
}
}
loadPrivateKey(sb.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("私鑰數據讀取錯誤");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私鑰輸入流為空");
}
}
public void loadPrivateKey(String privateKeyStr) throws Exception{
try {
BASE64Decoder base64Decoder= new BASE64Decoder();
byte[] buffer= base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(privateKeyStr);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("無此算法");
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new Exception("私鑰非法");
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new Exception("私鑰數據內容讀取錯誤");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
throw new Exception("私鑰數據為空");
}
}
/**
* 加密過程
* @param publicKey 公鑰
* @param plainTextData 明文數據
* @return
* @throws Exception 加密過程中的異常信息
*/
public byte[] encrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] plainTextData) throws Exception{
if(publicKey== null){
throw new Exception("加密公鑰為空, 請設置");
}
Cipher cipher= null;
try {
cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA");//, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] output= cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("無此加密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("加密公鑰非法,請檢查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("明文長度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("明文數據已損壞");
}
}
/**
* 解密過程
* @param privateKey 私鑰
* @param cipherData 密文數據
* @return 明文
* @throws Exception 解密過程中的異常信息
*/
public byte[] decrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] cipherData) throws Exception{
if (privateKey== null){
throw new Exception("解密私鑰為空, 請設置");
}
Cipher cipher= null;
try {
cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA");//, new BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] output= cipher.doFinal(cipherData);
return output;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new Exception("無此解密算法");
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
throw new Exception("解密私鑰非法,請檢查");
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
throw new Exception("密文長度非法");
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
throw new Exception("密文數據已損壞");
}
}
/**
* 字節數據轉字符串專用集合
*/
private static final char[] HEX_CHAR= {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
/**
* 字節數據轉十六進制字符串
* @param data 輸入數據
* @return 十六進制內容
*/
public static String byteArrayToString(byte[] data){
StringBuilder stringBuilder= new StringBuilder();
for (int i=0; i<data.length; i++){
//取出字節的高四位 作為索引得到相應的十六進制標識符 注意無符號右移
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0xf0)>>> 4]);
//取出字節的低四位 作為索引得到相應的十六進制標識符
stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0x0f)]);
if (i<data.length-1){
stringBuilder.append(' ');
}
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
｝
現在可用你加密后的密文，發給后太讓他解密，（同樣后台進行加密，發給你進行解密）