1.首先下載vs2015的Asp.Net Core(RC2)的插件工具(https://www.microsoft.com/net/core#windows)
2.創建一個asp.net Core的項目,這里我創建一個最簡單的項目,就是一個console,在這個基礎上我准備一步一步搭建一個Asp.Net Core的項目

3.添加相關的依賴(mvc的依賴和EF的依賴)在projecr.json中:
{
"dependencies": {
"Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
"version": "1.0.0-rc2-3002702",
"type": "platform"
},
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
"type": "build"
},
"Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL": "1.0.0-rc2-release1",
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
"type": "build"
},
"Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.0.0-rc2-final",
"Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug": "1.0.0-rc2-final"
},
"tools": {
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
"imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
},
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
"imports": "portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50"
},
"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools": {
"version": "1.0.0-preview1-final",
"imports": [
"portable-net45+win8+dnxcore50",
"portable-net45+win8"
]
}
},
"frameworks": {
"netcoreapp1.0": {
"imports": [
"dotnet5.6",
"dnxcore50",
"portable-net45+win8"
]
}
},
"buildOptions": {
"emitEntryPoint": true,
"preserveCompilationContext": true
},
"runtimeOptions": {
"gcServer": true
},
"publishOptions": {
"include": [
"wwwroot",
"web.config"
]
},
"scripts": {
"postpublish": [ "dotnet publish-iis --publish-folder %publish:OutputPath% --framework %publish:FullTargetFramework%" ]
}
}
4。在Startup.cs 文件中做如下修改:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http; using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration; using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; namespace SmBlog { public class Startup { public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env) { var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder() .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath) .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true) .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true); if (env.IsDevelopment()) { } builder.AddEnvironmentVariables(); Configuration = builder.Build(); } public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; } public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddMvc(); } // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline. public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) { loggerFactory.AddConsole(Configuration.GetSection("Logging")); loggerFactory.AddDebug(); app.UseStaticFiles(); app.UseMvc(routes => { routes.MapRoute( name: "default", template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}"); } ); } } }
現在並沒有添加Ef的服務。
5.新建一個appsettings.json 文件用於項目相關配置,在Startup.cs中的log的配置,以及后來的EF數據庫的配置都在這個文件中。
{
"ConnectionStrings": {
"PostgreSql": "User ID=postgres;Password=123456;Host=localhost;Port=5432;Database=smbloh"
},
"Logging": {
"IncludeScopes": false,
"LogLevel": {
"Default": "Debug",
"System": "Information",
"Microsoft": "Information"
}
}
}
6.依照MVC5中的項目目錄結構創建如Controllers 和Views和Models文件如下圖所示,新建一個HomeController 和Index Action和Index的視圖,用於測試。

7.用過dotnet的方式運行(dotnet 相當於之前的dnx) 看到這個結果說明mvc6項目搭建完成

8.開始Ef的操作。在Models中新建一個實體Article簡單的給他三個字段
public class Article { public int Id { set; get; } public string Title { set; get; } public string Description { set; get; } }
9.在Models中新建一個SMContext(ef上下文對象)代碼如下:
public class SMContext : DbContext { public SMContext(DbContextOptions option) : base(option) { } public DbSet<Article> Articles { set; get; } protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder) { base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder); } }
10.修改Startup.cs 文件。增加對Ef的支持:代碼如下
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddMvc(); services.AddDbContext<SMContext>(option => option.UseNpgsql(Configuration.GetConnectionString("PostgreSql"))); }
11.為了初始化數據庫,在此新建一個SampleData類,在項目啟動的時候,調用此類,進行數據庫的初始化。代碼如下:
namespace SmBlog.Models { public class SampleData { public async static Task InitDB(IServiceProvider service) { var db = service.GetService<SMContext>(); if (db.Database != null && db.Database.EnsureCreated()) { Article article = new Article { Title = "test", Description = "SMBlog Test" }; db.Articles.Add(article); await db.SaveChangesAsync(); } } } }
這個地方比較靈活,我們初始化創建數據庫的時候可以插入一條數據,也可以不插入。我在這個地方插入了一條文章的數據。當然系統中有用戶,插入管理員是比較適當的操作的。
12.再次修改Startup文件 調用SampleData 在加載項目的時候創建數據庫 並初始化。代碼如下:
public async void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) { loggerFactory.AddConsole(Configuration.GetSection("Logging")); loggerFactory.AddDebug(); app.UseStaticFiles(); app.UseMvc(routes => { routes.MapRoute( name: "default", template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}"); } ); await SampleData.InitDB(app.ApplicationServices); }
13.再次啟動項目,我的數據已經創建成功,並且插入一條數據。如圖:

14.數據庫遷移 。當我們增加一個User實體,並且修改了Article的實體,現在要進行數據庫的遷移,不是簡單的把數據庫刪除重新建立。要保證原有的數據不變,修改數據庫結構。
增加的User實體如下:
public class User { public int Id { set; get; } public string UserName { set; get; } public string Password { set; get; } }
修改后的Article實體如下,加了個Label的字段
public class Article { public int Id { set; get; } public string Title { set; get; } public string Description { set; get; } public string Label { set; get; }
}
在SMContext文件中,增加User的DbConetxt;
如下代碼:
public DbSet<User> Users { set; get; }
15.在vs的PM命令輸入 Add-Migration newBook

成功后會在項目中產生一個Migrations文件夾。里面有個快照文件和一個遷移的文件。在此不擴展了。
在執行命令: Update-Database newBook 發現報錯了

問題解決,不用SampleData來初始化數據庫,用 Add-Migration init Update-Database init 來初始化數據庫。
注:也可以在cmd控制台輸入命令來實現code first
首先打開cmd 切換到項目的project.json 文件所在文件。執行如下命令
dotnet ef migrations add FirstMigration dotnet ef database update
