原文：http://chriswu.me/blog/writing-hello-world-in-fcgi-with-c-plus-plus/
上面的連接地址給出的是作者的原文地址。
另外一個作者稍微整理了一下，github 地址：https://github.com/homer6/fastcgi
下面給出我測試的截圖：
這個用 C++ 寫的cgi 程序哦， c++ 也可以寫網站了，是不是很興奮！！！
stackoverflow 的問題：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2149709/c-language-fastcgi-with-nginx
俗話說：“好記性不如爛筆頭”， 所以這里記錄下原文地址，和稍微寫一寫自己的心得和一路的過程。
google 到這篇用 c++ (c)語言寫的 fastCGi 程序，並能成功運行，中間實屬不易。。
做 web (網站) 開發也有兩三年了， 用 php 語言寫的。 web server 用過 apache , nginx . 對於apache ,它會啟動一個 php 的模塊，來處理php腳本。 對於nginx，
則 fast-pass: 127.0.0.1:9000 , webserver (nginx)將 請求 ----cgi 協議--- 轉發到 facscgi (php-fpm) 處理（當然 會傳遞 標准輸入和一個 環境變量過去），php 解釋器執行完
php 腳本后， 將標准輸出 給webserver , webserver 然后將輸出 通過 http response 傳給 browser (client), 一個 http 的請求和響應就結束了。
cgi 程序可以用php， java， C#寫，當然可以用 C， C++ 來寫。
我一直也在研究一個 fastCGI 這個處理過程到底是怎么樣的。 webserver 和 fastCGI 之間的交互過程是怎么樣的。所以自己想寫一個 C++ 的fastCGI 腳本來完成一個http 請求，於是我也找了很多資料，所以就有了這篇文章的產生。
關於 CGI 應用程序和 web server 之間的交互的過程，這里有幾張圖片，圖片來源：(原作者：吳秦Tyler) https://images0.cnblogs.com/blog/92071/201412/191104473136735.png
prerequistites:
need some familiarity with C++;
Why fastCGI?
FCGI (FastCGI) is a protocol in which web applications can talk to a web server to serve web requests.
Installation:
We will need to install the libfcgi++ library, a web server (nignx in our case) and spawn-fcgi to run the fcgi app. We’ll also install curl to help test later on.
sudo apt-get install libfcgi-dev sudo apt-get install spawn-fcgi sudo apt-get install nginx sudo apt-get install curl
The code:
a c++ source file(echo.cpp)
#include <iostream>
#include "fcgio.h"
using namespace std;
int main(void) {
// Backup the stdio streambufs
streambuf * cin_streambuf = cin.rdbuf();
streambuf * cout_streambuf = cout.rdbuf();
streambuf * cerr_streambuf = cerr.rdbuf();
FCGX_Request request;
FCGX_Init();
FCGX_InitRequest(&request, 0, 0);
while (FCGX_Accept_r(&request) == 0) {
fcgi_streambuf cin_fcgi_streambuf(request.in);
fcgi_streambuf cout_fcgi_streambuf(request.out);
fcgi_streambuf cerr_fcgi_streambuf(request.err);
cin.rdbuf(&cin_fcgi_streambuf);
cout.rdbuf(&cout_fcgi_streambuf);
cerr.rdbuf(&cerr_fcgi_streambuf);
cout << "Content-type: text/html\r\n"
<< "\r\n"
<< "<html>\n"
<< " <head>\n"
<< " <title>Hello, World!</title>\n"
<< " </head>\n"
<< " <body>\n"
<< " <h1>Hello, World!</h1>\n"
<< " </body>\n"
<< "</html>\n";
// Note: the fcgi_streambuf destructor will auto flush
}
// restore stdio streambufs
cin.rdbuf(cin_streambuf);
cout.rdbuf(cout_streambuf);
cerr.rdbuf(cerr_streambuf);
return 0;
}
Nginx config:
Next up we’ll setup nginx to listen on port 80 for http requests and forward those along the the fcgi process which will listen on port 8000.
The key directive is fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000 indicates that nginx should forward the fcgi request to port 8000 at localhost. You can replace the address with an upstream directive if you want to want to load balance across many processes. The rest of the fastcgi_param directives are optional and just set appropriate environment variables which get forwarded to the fcgi application.
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
}
}
}
Running the code:
The system now comprises of three parts. One will be the executable fcgi c++ app. In order to run this we need spawn-fcgi and to listen to a port. Nginx will then forward web requests to this port, translating the http proctocol into the fast cgi protocol.
# run nginx using the provided configuration # 下面這一行其實我沒用到。 sudo nginx -c <path to nginx.conf> # compile hello_world g++ main_v1.cpp -lfcgi++ -lfcgi -o hello_world # spawn the fcgi app on port 8000 with no fork spawn-fcgi -p 8000 -n hello_world
Then just head to the browser and enter http://localhost/ into the location bar and voilà! Hello, World! See the next part in this tutorial to see how to incorporate the request uri and the request content into this simple app