Python3發送post請求，自動記住cookie

轉載自：http://www.cnblogs.com/meitian/p/4607737.html

在做登錄的post請求時，需要記住cookie，否則不能訪問登錄后的頁面。

下面是登錄的代碼：

#coding:utf-8
import urllib
import http.cookiejar

url = "http://c.highpin.cn/Users/CLogin"
postdata =urllib.parse.urlencode({
"Logon_Password":"sunmin",
"Logon_PostCode":"fghc",
"Logon_RememberMe":"false",
"Logon_UserEmail":"[e-mail]"
}).encode('utf-8')
header = {
"Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
"Accept-Encoding":"utf-8",
"Accept-Language":"zh-cn,zh;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",
"Connection":"keep-alive",
"Host":"c.highpin.cn",
"Referer":"http://c.highpin.cn/",
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:32.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/32.0"
}
req = urllib.request.Request(url,postdata,header)
##print(urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode('utf-8'))

#自動記住cookie
cj = http.cookiejar.CookieJar()
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
r = opener.open(req)
print(r.read().decode('utf-8'))

以前用的是python2.7，但是python3開始很多包的位置和以前不一樣了，就對這里用到的說明一下：

urllib2合並到了urllib下，urlopen使用時包的位置為urllib.request.urlopen，urlencode使用包位置為urllib.parse.urlencode

cookielib變更為了http.cookiejar

 

說明：帶cookie的打印出來必須用opener.open(req).read().decode('utf-8')來發送的請求才會帶上cookie，如果用urllib.request.urlopen()是不帶cookie的

 

說明：

1.urllib.request.Request()返回了一個request的請求實例

2.urlopen是一個封裝好的OpenerDirector實例，里面只有三個參數（url，data，timeout）

3.通過build_opener可以自己創建一個OpenerDirector實例，所以如果想要構建一個cookie管理

   build_opener(*handlers)，將handler類實例化增加到OpenerDirector中，比如像上面的例子里增加cookie，

 

 

如果已知cookie內容，且要用這個固定cookie去發送請求，可以在header中直接添加cookie內容去發送請求，例子如下：

比如通過fiddle抓取請求包，看到請求和相應的raw格式，可以看到cookie（cookie屬於header）。

import urllib
url = "http://h.highpin.cn/ManageJob/PubJobCompany?Length=9"
postdata=urllib.parse.urlencode({
    "JobName":"測試工程師",
    "YearlySalaryMin":"11",
    "YearlySalaryMax":"12",
    "X-Requested-With":"XMLHttpRequest",
    "WorkExperienceMin":"-1",
    "WorkExperienceMax":"-1",
    "TabId":"0",
    "SubordinateCount":"0",
    "SaveType":"1",
    "ReportObject":"測試人",
    "RecruitCount":"1",
    "QualifiCation":"信息描述",
    "ProfessionalName":"",
    "nowCurrentPageIndex":"0",
    "Memo":"限500字",
    "MasteryDegree":"1",
    "MajorID":"-1",
    "LanguageType":"-1",
    "JobTypeID":"1050000,4000000,160000",
    "JobTagCount":"8",
    "JobStatus":"1",
    "JobDescription":"職位描述",
    "JobAllTagStr":"五險一金",
    "IsViewHighEndUser":"false",
    "IsFull":"true",
    "FullTime":"false",
    "DepName":"測試",
    "Degree":"-1",
    "CompanyID":"2234",
    "CloseDate":"2016-01-12",
    "AreaID":"530",
    "AgeMin":"-1",
    "AgeMax":"-1"
    }).encode('utf-8')
header={
    "Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
    "Accept-Encoding":"utf-8",
    "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:40.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/40.0",
    "Host":"h.highpin.cn",
    "Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
    "Referer":"http://h.highpin.cn/ManageJob/PubNewJob",
    "Cookie":"XXXXX",
    "Connection":"keep-alive"
    }
req = urllib.request.Request(url,postdata,header)
r=urllib.request.urlopen(req)
print(r.read().decode('utf-8'))

說明：cookie中的內容我給替換掉了，放上自己的cookie就可以了

 

Python3和Python2的變更，可以參考文章：http://blog.csdn.net/samxx8/article/details/21535901