OpenXML概述
項目中經常需要操作word，之前的方式是采用COM接口，這個接口很不穩定，經常報錯。現在開始采用OpenXML。OpenXML（OOXML）是微軟在Office 2007中提出的一種新的文檔格式，Office 2007中的Word、Excel、PowerPoint默認均采用OpenXML格式 。
OpenXml相對於用MS提供的COM組件來生成WORD,有如下優勢:
1.相對於MS 的COM組件,因為版本帶來的不兼容問題,及各種會生成WORD半途會崩潰的問題.
2.對比填滿一張30多頁的WORD來說(包含圖,表等),用COM組件來生成會占用20秒,Openxml1秒.
3.MS Word軟件太貴了,你的客戶裝的是開源WORD,如LibreOffice,OpenOffice.這樣你就只能用Openxml生成的WORD文檔,各種支持MS Word都能打開,避免客戶機器上安裝MS Word.
4.代碼簡單。用OpenXML開發word簡直太方便了！！！
要做OpenXML的開發，需要了解OpenXML的基本結構。
Open XML SDK 2.0 tool
因為OpenXML的結構比較復雜，開始開發時往往不好入門，摸不清其結構。微軟很貼心的提供了一個工具，Open XML SDK Productivity Tool for Microsoft Office。
下載地址
這個工具可以打開任意一個docx的文檔，然后Reflect Code，得到整個文檔代碼，之后怎么操作直接看代碼就好了，真是太方便了。
另外這個工具也提供了文檔，不清楚的可以查一下文檔。
代碼示例
我參考上面的工具，寫了一個簡單的操作word的幫助類。
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Wordprocessing;
using AA = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing;
using DW = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Wordprocessing;
using PIC = DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Drawing.Pictures;
namespace Wisdombud.Office
{
public static class OpenXmlUtil
{
/// <summary>
/// 按書簽替換圖片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="picPath"></param>
/// <param name="bm"></param>
/// <param name="x">寬度厘米</param>
/// <param name="y">高度厘米</param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
public static void ReplaceBMPicture(string filePath, string picPath, string bm)
{
RemoveBookMarkContent(filePath, bm);
InsertBMPicture(filePath, picPath, bm);
}
/// <summary>
/// 按書簽替換圖片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="picPath"></param>
/// <param name="bm"></param>
/// <param name="x">寬度厘米</param>
/// <param name="y">高度厘米</param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
public static void ReplaceBMPicture(string filePath, string picPath, string bm, long x, ImagePartType type)
{
RemoveBookMarkContent(filePath, bm);
InsertBMPicture(filePath, picPath, bm, x, type);
}
/// <summary>
/// 按書簽替換圖片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="picPath"></param>
/// <param name="bm"></param>
/// <param name="x">寬度厘米</param>
/// <param name="y">高度厘米</param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
public static void ReplaceBMPicture(string filePath, string picPath, string bm, long x, long y, ImagePartType type)
{
RemoveBookMarkContent(filePath, bm);
InsertBMPicture(filePath, picPath, bm, x, y, type);
}
/// <summary>
/// 按書簽插入圖片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="picPath"></param>
/// <param name="bm"></param>
/// <param name="x">寬度厘米</param>
/// <param name="y">高度厘米</param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
public static void InsertBMPicture(string filePath, string picPath, string bm, long x, ImagePartType type)
{
long y = 0;
using (System.Drawing.Bitmap objPic = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(picPath))
{
y = (x * objPic.Height) / objPic.Width;
}
InsertBMPicture(filePath, picPath, bm, x, y, type);
}
/// <summary>
/// 按書簽插入圖片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="picPath"></param>
/// <param name="bm"></param>
/// <param name="x">寬度厘米</param>
/// <param name="y">高度厘米</param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
public static void InsertBMPicture(string filePath, string picPath, string bm, long x, long y, ImagePartType type)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc =
WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
MainDocumentPart mainPart = doc.MainDocumentPart;
BookmarkStart bmStart = findBookMarkStart(doc, bm);
if (bmStart == null)
{
return;
}
ImagePart imagePart = mainPart.AddImagePart(type);
using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(picPath, FileMode.Open))
{
imagePart.FeedData(stream);
}
long cx = 360000L * x;//360000L = 1厘米
long cy = 360000L * y;
Run r = AddImageToBody(doc, mainPart.GetIdOfPart(imagePart), cx, cy);
bmStart.Parent.InsertAfter<Run>(r, bmStart);
mainPart.Document.Save();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 按書簽插入圖片。默認15厘米，JPG
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="picPath"></param>
/// <param name="bm"></param>
public static void InsertBMPicture(string filePath, string picPath, string bm)
{
InsertBMPicture(filePath, picPath, bm, 15, 15, ImagePartType.Jpeg);
}
/// <summary>
/// 查找書簽
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc"></param>
/// <param name="bmName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static BookmarkStart findBookMarkStart(WordprocessingDocument doc, string bmName)
{
foreach (var footer in doc.MainDocumentPart.FooterParts)
{
foreach (var inst in footer.Footer.Descendants<BookmarkStart>())
{
if (inst.Name == bmName)
{
return inst;
}
}
}
foreach (var header in doc.MainDocumentPart.HeaderParts)
{
foreach (var inst in header.Header.Descendants<BookmarkStart>())
{
if (inst.Name == bmName)
{
return inst;
}
}
}
foreach (var inst in doc.MainDocumentPart.RootElement.Descendants<BookmarkStart>())
{
if (inst is BookmarkStart)
{
if (inst.Name == bmName)
{
return inst;
}
}
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 查找書簽
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc"></param>
/// <param name="bmName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static List<BookmarkStart> findAllBookMarkStart(WordprocessingDocument doc)
{
List<BookmarkStart> ret = new List<BookmarkStart>();
foreach (var footer in doc.MainDocumentPart.FooterParts)
{
ret.AddRange(footer.Footer.Descendants<BookmarkStart>());
}
foreach (var header in doc.MainDocumentPart.HeaderParts)
{
ret.AddRange(header.Header.Descendants<BookmarkStart>());
}
ret.AddRange(doc.MainDocumentPart.RootElement.Descendants<BookmarkStart>());
return ret;
}
/// <summary>
/// 查找書簽
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc"></param>
/// <param name="bmName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static List<BookmarkEnd> findAllBookMarkEnd(WordprocessingDocument doc)
{
List<BookmarkEnd> ret = new List<BookmarkEnd>();
foreach (var footer in doc.MainDocumentPart.FooterParts)
{
ret.AddRange(footer.Footer.Descendants<BookmarkEnd>());
}
foreach (var header in doc.MainDocumentPart.HeaderParts)
{
ret.AddRange(header.Header.Descendants<BookmarkEnd>());
}
ret.AddRange(doc.MainDocumentPart.RootElement.Descendants<BookmarkEnd>());
return ret;
}
/// <summary>
/// 查找書簽END
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc"></param>
/// <param name="bmName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static BookmarkEnd findBookMarkEnd(WordprocessingDocument doc, string id)
{
foreach (var footer in doc.MainDocumentPart.FooterParts)
{
foreach (var inst in footer.Footer.Descendants<BookmarkEnd>())
{
if (inst.Id == id)
{
return inst;
}
}
}
foreach (var header in doc.MainDocumentPart.HeaderParts)
{
foreach (var inst in header.Header.Descendants<BookmarkEnd>())
{
if (inst.Id == id)
{
return inst;
}
}
}
foreach (var inst in doc.MainDocumentPart.RootElement.Descendants<BookmarkEnd>())
{
if (inst.Id == id)
{
return inst;
}
}
return null;
}
private static Run AddImageToBody(WordprocessingDocument wordDoc, string relationshipId, long cx, long cy)
{
return new Run(new Drawing(
new DW.Inline(
new DW.Extent() { Cx = cx, Cy = cy },
new DW.EffectExtent()
{
LeftEdge = 0L,
TopEdge = 0L,
RightEdge = 0L,
BottomEdge = 0L
},
new DW.DocProperties()
{
Id = (UInt32Value)1U,
Name = "Picture 1"
},
new DW.NonVisualGraphicFrameDrawingProperties(
new AA.GraphicFrameLocks() { NoChangeAspect = true }),
new AA.Graphic(
new AA.GraphicData(
new PIC.Picture(
new PIC.NonVisualPictureProperties(
new PIC.NonVisualDrawingProperties()
{
Id = (UInt32Value)0U,
Name = "New Bitmap Image.jpg"
},
new PIC.NonVisualPictureDrawingProperties()),
new PIC.BlipFill(
new AA.Blip(
new AA.BlipExtensionList(
new AA.BlipExtension()
{
Uri =
"{28A0092B-C50C-407E-A947-70E740481C1C}"
})
)
{
Embed = relationshipId,
CompressionState =
AA.BlipCompressionValues.Print
},
new AA.Stretch(
new AA.FillRectangle())),
new PIC.ShapeProperties(
new AA.Transform2D(
new AA.Offset() { X = 0L, Y = 0L },
new AA.Extents() { Cx = 990000L, Cy = 792000L }),
new AA.PresetGeometry(
new AA.AdjustValueList()
) { Preset = AA.ShapeTypeValues.Rectangle }))
) { Uri = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" })
)
{
DistanceFromTop = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromBottom = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromLeft = (UInt32Value)0U,
DistanceFromRight = (UInt32Value)0U,
EditId = "50D07946"
}));
// Append the reference to body, the element should be in a Run.
// wordDoc.MainDocumentPart.Document.Body.AppendChild(new Paragraph(new Run(element)));
}
public static void DeleteRange(string filePath, string stringStart, string stringStop, int way)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
List<OpenXmlElement> list = RangeFind(doc, stringStart, stringStop, way);
foreach (var inst in list)
{
inst.Remove();
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 1 標記1結束到標記2開始;2 標記1結束到標記2結束;3 標記1開始到標記2結束; 4 標記1開始到標記2開始;
/// trimhuiche 如果為true，則考慮回車；否則不考慮回車。
/// chzhao@wisdombud.com
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stringStart"></param>
/// <param name="stringStop"></param>
/// <param name="way"></param>
public static List<OpenXmlElement> RangeFind(WordprocessingDocument doc, string stringStart, string stringStop, int way)
{
List<OpenXmlElement> ret = new List<OpenXmlElement>();
bool add = false;
foreach (var inst in doc.MainDocumentPart.Document.Body.Elements())
{
if (way == 1)
{
if (inst.InnerText.Contains(stringStop))
{
add = false;
}
if (add)
{
ret.Add(inst.CloneNode(true));
}
if (inst.InnerText == stringStart)
{
add = true;
}
}
else if (way == 2)
{
if (add)
{
ret.Add(inst.CloneNode(true));
}
if (inst.InnerText == stringStart)
{
add = true;
}
if (inst.InnerText.Contains(stringStop))
{
add = false;
}
}
else if (way == 3)
{
if (inst.InnerText == stringStart)
{
add = true;
}
if (add)
{
ret.Add(inst.CloneNode(true));
}
if (inst.InnerText.Contains(stringStop))
{
add = false;
}
}
else if (way == 4)
{
if (inst.InnerText == stringStart)
{
add = true;
}
if (inst.InnerText.Contains(stringStop))
{
add = false;
}
if (add)
{
ret.Add(inst.CloneNode(true));
}
}
}
return ret;
}
/// <summary>
/// 修改書簽
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">word文檔</param>
/// <param name="bmName">書簽名字</param>
/// <param name="text">替換的文本</param>
public static void ModifyBM(string filePath, string bmName, string text)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
BookmarkStart bmStart = findBookMarkStart(doc, bmName);
Run bookmarkText = bmStart.NextSibling<Run>();
if (bookmarkText != null)
{
Text t = bookmarkText.GetFirstChild<Text>();
if (t != null)
{
t.Text = text;
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 刪除書簽內容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bookmark"></param>
public static void RemoveBookMarkContent(string filePath, string bmName)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
BookmarkStart bmStart = findBookMarkStart(doc, bmName);
BookmarkEnd bmEnd = findBookMarkEnd(doc, bmStart.Id);
while (true)
{
var run = bmStart.NextSibling();
if (run == null)
{
break;
}
if (run is BookmarkEnd && (BookmarkEnd)run == bmEnd)
{
break;
}
run.Remove();
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 重命名書簽，在書簽前面加前綴
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="prefix">前綴</param>
public static void RenameBookMark(string filePath, string prefix)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
foreach (var inst in findAllBookMarkStart(doc))
{
inst.Name = prefix + inst.Name;
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 重命名書簽
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath"></param>
/// <param name="oldName"></param>
/// <param name="newName"></param>
public static void RenameBookMark(string filePath, string oldName, string newName)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
var bm = findBookMarkStart(doc, oldName);
bm.Name = newName;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 刪除書簽
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bookmark"></param>
public static void RemoveBookMark(string filePath, string bmName)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(filePath, true))
{
var bmStart = findBookMarkStart(doc, bmName);
if (bmStart == null)
{
return;
}
var bmEnd = findBookMarkEnd(doc, bmStart.Id);
bmStart.Remove();
bmEnd.Remove();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 合並文檔
/// </summary>
/// <param name="finalFile"></param>
/// <param name="files"></param>
public static void Combine(string finalFile, List<string> files)
{
if (files.Count < 2)
{
return;
}
File.Copy(files[0], finalFile, true);
using (WordprocessingDocument doc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(finalFile, true))
{
Body b = doc.MainDocumentPart.Document.Body;
for (int i = 1; i < files.Count; i++)
{
using (WordprocessingDocument doc1 = WordprocessingDocument.Open(files[i], true))
{
foreach (var inst in doc1.MainDocumentPart.Document.Body.Elements())
{
b.Append(inst.CloneNode(true));
}
}
}
}
}
}
}