開始回調模式后我們就要實現聊天功能了。平時使用微信聊天可以發送文本消息、語音、圖片、視頻等,這里只實現了其中的一些功能和大家分享。
一、與微信企業號建立連接
1、企業應用調用企業號提供的接口,管理或查詢企業號后台所管理的資源、或給成員發送消息等,以下稱主動調用模式。
2、企業號把用戶發送的消息或用戶觸發的事件推送給企業應用,由企業應用處理,以下稱回調模式。
3、用戶在微信中閱讀企業應用下發的H5頁面,該頁面可以調用微信提供的原生接口,使用微信開放的終端能力,以下稱JSAPI模式。
這是微信企業號的開發文檔中寫的,但是我們一般使用前兩種方式。
其實主動調用和回調都是相對的,這是站在微信服務器的角度,微信服務器通過企業號給微信客戶端發送消息是主動調用,微信客戶端主動發送消息去調用微信服務器相對服務器來說就是被動調用(回調)。
二、主被動調用微信服務器處理的數據格式
1.主調:服務器向微信客戶端發送json格式的數據,數據不需要加密
2.回調:微信客戶端發送的消息需要AES加密,服務器接受的消息是xml格式
這兩條用一張圖表示如下:
三、聊天原理圖
首先微信客戶端發送消息到服務器處理,數據以xml格式傳輸到第三方服務器后,第三方服務器再將數據轉為json格式,傳送給微信服務器,發送給客戶端。
三、代碼實現
有了上面的原理基礎,下面是代碼部分
package com.hyd.smarthome.util.qq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.cookie.CookiePolicy;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
//import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.DefaultHttpParams;
import com.hyd.smarthome.util.Global;
/**微信企業號給關注的用戶主動發送推送消息 企業號發消息條數沒有限制
* @author flyman 2015-8-7
*/
public class SendWeChatMessage {
// 發送消息類型
private final static String MSGTYPE = "text";
// 發送消息分組所有成員
// private final static String TOPARTY = "@all";
// 獲取配置文件中的值
private final static String CORPID = Global.getConfig("corpID");// 需要自己申請,官網有試用企業號
// 可以申請試用
private final static String CORPSECRET = Global.getConfig("secret");
// 獲取訪問權限碼URL
private final static String ACCESS_TOKEN_URL = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken";
// 創建會話請求URL
private final static String CREATE_SESSION_URL = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?access_token=";
// 獲取接口訪問權限碼
public String getAccessToken() {
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
PostMethod post = new PostMethod(ACCESS_TOKEN_URL);
post.releaseConnection();
post.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
NameValuePair[] param = { new NameValuePair("corpid", CORPID), new NameValuePair("corpsecret", CORPSECRET) };
// 設置策略,防止報cookie錯誤
//DefaultHttpParams.getDefaultParams().setParameter("http.protocol.cookie-policy", CookiePolicy.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY);
// 給post設置參數
post.setRequestBody(param);
String result = "";
try {
client.executeMethod(post);
result = new String(post.getResponseBodyAsString().getBytes("gbk"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 將數據轉換成json
net.sf.json.JSONObject jasonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
result = (String) jasonObject.get("access_token");
// System.out.println(result);
post.releaseConnection();
return result;
}
/**
* 企業接口向下屬關注用戶發送微信消息(實現方式一)
*
* @param touser
* 成員ID列表(消息接收者,多個接收者用‘|’分隔,最多支持1000個)。特殊情況:指定為@all,
* 則向關注該企業應用的全部成員發送
* @param toparty
* 部門ID列表,多個接收者用‘|’分隔,最多支持100個。當touser為@all時忽略本參數
* @param totag
* 標簽ID列表,多個接收者用‘|’分隔。當touser為@all時忽略本參數
* @param content
* 消息內容
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public String sendWeChatMessage(String touser, String toparty, String totag, String content) {
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
String ACCESS_TOKEN = getAccessToken();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("{");
sb.append("\"touser\":" + "\"" + touser + "\",");
sb.append("\"toparty\":" + "\"" + toparty + "\",");
sb.append("\"totag\":" + "\"" + totag + "\",");
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + "text" + "\",");
sb.append("\"agentid\":" + "\"" + "21" + "\",");
sb.append("\"text\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"content\":" + "\"" + content + "\"},");
sb.append("\"debug\":" + "\"" + "1" + "\"");
sb.append("}");
// 請求鏈接
String url = CREATE_SESSION_URL + ACCESS_TOKEN;
PostMethod post = new PostMethod(url);
post.releaseConnection();
post.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
// 設置策略,防止報cookie錯誤
// DefaultHttpParams.getDefaultParams().setParameter("http.protocol.cookie-policy", CookiePolicy.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY);
// 給post設置參數
post.setRequestBody(sb.toString());
String result = "";
try {
client.executeMethod(post);
result = new String(post.getResponseBodyAsString().getBytes("gbk"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(result);
post.releaseConnection();
return result;
}
/**
* 此方法可以發送任意類型消息
*
* @param msgType
* text|image|voice|video|file|news
* @param touser
* 成員ID列表(消息接收者,多個接收者用‘|’分隔,最多支持1000個)。特殊情況:指定為@all,
* 則向關注該企業應用的全部成員發送
* @param toparty
* 部門ID列表,多個接收者用‘|’分隔,最多支持100個。當touser為@all時忽略本參數
* @param totag
* 標簽ID列表,多個接收者用‘|’分隔。當touser為@all時忽略本參數
* @param content
* msgType=text時 ,文本消息內容
* @param mediaId
* msgType=image|voice|video時 ,對應消息信息ID(--------)
* @param title
* msgType=news|video時,消息標題
* @param description
* msgType=news|video時,消息描述
* @param url
* msgType=news時,消息鏈接
* @param picurl
* msgType=news時,圖片路徑
* @param safe
* 表示是否是保密消息,0表示否,1表示是,默認0
*/
public void sendWeChatMsg(String msgType, String touser, String toparty, String totag, String content, String mediaId, String title,
String description, String url, String picurl, String safe) {
URL uRl;
String ACCESS_TOKEN = getAccessToken();
// 拼接請求串
String action = CREATE_SESSION_URL + ACCESS_TOKEN;
// 封裝發送消息請求json
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("{");
sb.append("\"touser\":" + "\"" + touser + "\",");
sb.append("\"toparty\":" + "\"" + toparty + "\",");
sb.append("\"totag\":" + "\"" + totag + "\",");
if (msgType.equals("text")) {
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + msgType + "\",");
sb.append("\"text\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"content\":" + "\"" + content + "\"");
sb.append("}");
} else if (msgType.equals("image")) {
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + msgType + "\",");
sb.append("\"image\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"media_id\":" + "\"" + mediaId + "\"");
sb.append("}");
} else if (msgType.equals("voice")) {
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + msgType + "\",");
sb.append("\"voice\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"media_id\":" + "\"" + mediaId + "\"");
sb.append("}");
} else if (msgType.equals("video")) {
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + msgType + "\",");
sb.append("\"video\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"media_id\":" + "\"" + mediaId + "\",");
sb.append("\"title\":" + "\"" + title + "\",");
sb.append("\"description\":" + "\"" + description + "\"");
sb.append("}");
} else if (msgType.equals("file")) {
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + msgType + "\",");
sb.append("\"file\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"media_id\":" + "\"" + mediaId + "\"");
sb.append("}");
} else if (msgType.equals("news")) {
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + msgType + "\",");
sb.append("\"news\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"articles\":" + "[");
sb.append("{");
sb.append("\"title\":" + "\"" + title + "\",");
sb.append("\"description\":" + "\"" + description + "\",");
sb.append("\"url\":" + "\"" + url + "\",");
sb.append("\"picurl\":" + "\"" + picurl + "\"");
sb.append("}");
sb.append("]");
sb.append("}");
}
sb.append(",\"safe\":" + "\"" + safe + "\",");
sb.append("\"agentid\":" + "\"" + "21" + "\",");
sb.append("\"debug\":" + "\"" + "1" + "\"");
sb.append("}");
String json = sb.toString();
try {
uRl = new URL(action);
HttpsURLConnection http = (HttpsURLConnection) uRl.openConnection();
http.setRequestMethod("POST");
http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/json;charset=UTF-8");
http.setDoOutput(true);
http.setDoInput(true);
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");//
// 連接超時30秒
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000"); //
// 讀取超時30秒
http.connect();
OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream();
os.write(json.getBytes("UTF-8"));// 傳入參數
InputStream is = http.getInputStream();
int size = is.available();
byte[] jsonBytes = new byte[size];
is.read(jsonBytes);
String result = new String(jsonBytes, "UTF-8");
System.out.println("請求返回結果:" + result);
os.flush();
os.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 企業接口向下屬關注用戶發送微信消息(實現方式二)
*
* @param touser
* 成員ID列表(消息接收者,多個接收者用‘|’分隔,最多支持1000個)。特殊情況:指定為@all,
* 則向關注該企業應用的全部成員發送
* @param toparty
* 部門ID列表,多個接收者用‘|’分隔,最多支持100個。當touser為@all時忽略本參數
* @param totag
* 標簽ID列表,多個接收者用‘|’分隔。當touser為@all時忽略本參數
* @param content
* 消息內容
* @param safe
* 消息是否保密
* @return
*/
public void sendWeChatMsgText(String touser, int toparty, String totag, String content, String safe) {
URL uRl;
String ACCESS_TOKEN = getAccessToken();
// 拼接請求串
String action = CREATE_SESSION_URL + ACCESS_TOKEN;
// 封裝發送消息請求json
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("{");
sb.append("\"touser\":" + "\"" + touser + "\",");
sb.append("\"toparty\":" + "\"" + toparty + "\",");
sb.append("\"totag\":" + "\"" + totag + "\",");
sb.append("\"msgtype\":" + "\"" + MSGTYPE + "\",");
sb.append("\"text\":" + "{");
sb.append("\"content\":" + "\"" + content + "\"");
sb.append("}");
sb.append(",\"safe\":" + "\"" + safe + "\",");
sb.append("\"agentid\":" + "\"" + toparty + "\",");
sb.append("\"debug\":" + "\"" + "1" + "\"");
sb.append("}");
String json = sb.toString();
try {
uRl = new URL(action);
HttpsURLConnection http = (HttpsURLConnection) uRl.openConnection();
http.setRequestMethod("POST");
http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/json;charset=UTF-8");
http.setDoOutput(true);
http.setDoInput(true);
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");//
// 連接超時30秒
System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000"); //
// 讀取超時30秒
http.connect();
OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream();
os.write(json.getBytes("UTF-8"));// 傳入參數
InputStream is = http.getInputStream();
int size = is.available();
byte[] jsonBytes = new byte[size];
is.read(jsonBytes);
String result = new String(jsonBytes, "UTF-8");
System.out.println("請求返回結果:" + result);
os.flush();
os.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SendWeChatMessage weChat = new SendWeChatMessage();
weChat.sendWeChatMsgText("xiayi", 9, "", "劉彥登發來的測試消息", "0");
//weChat.sendWeChatMsg("text", "liuyandeng", "9", "", "測試senMsg", "", "", "", "", "", "0");
//weChat.sendWeChatMessage("liuyandeng", "9", "", "Hi");
}
}