Tornado基本使用

本文轉載自查看原文 2016-04-20 17:17 7397 Tornado

一、快速上手

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
  
  
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.write("Hello, world")
  
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
])
  
  
if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

第一步：執行腳本，監聽 8888 端口

第二步：瀏覽器客戶端訪問 /index --> http://127.0.0.1:8888/index

第三步：服務器接受請求，並交由對應的類處理該請求

第四步：類接受到請求之后，根據請求方式（post / get / delete ...）的不同調用並執行相應的方法

第五步：方法返回值的字符串內容發送瀏覽器

二、路由系統

路由系統其實就是 url 和類的對應關系，這里不同於其他框架，其他很多框架均是 url 對應函數，Tornado中每個url對應的是一個類。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
  
  
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.write("Hello, world")
  
class StoryHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self, story_id):
        self.write("You requested the story " + story_id)
  
class BuyHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.write("buy.wupeiqi.com/index")
  
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
    (r"/story/([0-9]+)", StoryHandler),
])
  
application.add_handlers('buy.wupeiqi.com$', [
    (r'/index',BuyHandler),
])
  
if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(80)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

三、模板

Tornao中的模板語言和django中類似，模板引擎將模板文件載入內存，然后將數據嵌入其中，最終獲取到一個完整的字符串，再將字符串返回給請求者。

Tornado 的模板支持“控制語句”和“表達語句”，控制語句是使用 {% 和 %} 包起來的例如 {% if len(items) > 2 %}。表達語句是使用 {{ 和 }} 包起來的，例如 {{ items[0] }}。

控制語句和對應的 Python 語句的格式基本完全相同。我們支持 if、for、while 和 try，這些語句邏輯結束的位置需要用 {% end %} 做標記。還通過 extends 和 block 語句實現了模板繼承。這些在 template 模塊的代碼文檔中有着詳細的描述。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
    <title>123456</title>
    <link href="{{static_url("css/common.css")}}" rel="stylesheet" />
    {% block CSS %}{% end %}
</head>
<body>

    <div class="pg-header">

    </div>
    
    {% block RenderBody %}{% end %}
   
    <script src="{{static_url("js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js")}}"></script>
    
    {% block JavaScript %}{% end %}

</body>
</html>

layout.html

{% extends 'layout.html'%}
{% block CSS %}
    <link href="{{static_url("css/index.css")}}" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="/static/css/common.css" rel="stylesheet" />
{% end %}

{% block RenderBody %}
    <h1>Index</h1>



{% end %}

{% block JavaScript %}
    
{% end %}

index

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web


class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.render('index.html')


settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
}

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

在模板中默認提供了一些函數、字段、類以供模板使用：

escape: tornado.escape.xhtml_escape 的別名
xhtml_escape: tornado.escape.xhtml_escape 的別名
url_escape: tornado.escape.url_escape 的別名
json_encode: tornado.escape.json_encode 的別名
squeeze: tornado.escape.squeeze 的別名
linkify: tornado.escape.linkify 的別名
datetime: Python 的 datetime 模組
handler: 當前的 RequestHandler 對象
request: handler.request 的別名
current_user: handler.current_user 的別名
locale: handler.locale 的別名
_: handler.locale.translate 的別名
static_url: for handler.static_url 的別名
xsrf_form_html: handler.xsrf_form_html 的別名

Tornado默認提供的這些功能其實本質上就是 UIMethod 和 UIModule，我們也可以自定義從而實現類似於Django的simple_tag的功能：

1、定義

# uimethods.py
 
def tab(self):
    return 'UIMethod'

uimethods.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from tornado.web import UIModule
from tornado import escape

class custom(UIModule):

    def render(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return escape.xhtml_escape('<h1>chenchao</h1>')

uimodules.py

2、注冊

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
from tornado.escape import linkify
import uimodules as md
import uimethods as mt

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.render('index.html')

settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'ui_methods': mt,
    'ui_modules': md,
}

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8009)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

main.py

main.py

3、使用

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <link href="{{static_url("commons.css")}}" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
    <h1>hello</h1>
    {% module custom(123) %}
    {{ tab() }}
</body>

index.html

四、實用功能

1、靜態文件

對於靜態文件，可以配置靜態文件的目錄和前段使用時的前綴，並且Tornaodo還支持靜態文件緩存。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import uimodules as md
import uimethods as mt


class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.render('index.html')


settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'ui_methods': mt,
    'ui_modules': md,
}

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

main.py

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
    <title>123456</title>
    <link href="{{static_url("css/common.css")}}" rel="stylesheet" />

</head>
<body>

    <div class="pg-header">
          <h1>Index</h1>
    </div>
    
    <script src="{{static_url("js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js")}}"></script>
    

</body>
</html>

index.html

備注：靜態文件緩存的實現

    def get_content_version(cls, abspath):

        data = cls.get_content(abspath)
        hasher = hashlib.md5()
        if isinstance(data, bytes):
            hasher.update(data)
        else:
            for chunk in data:
                hasher.update(chunk)
        return hasher.hexdigest()

靜態文件緩存源碼

2、csrf

Tornado中的跨站請求偽造和Django中的相似，跨站偽造請求(Cross-site request forgery)

settings = {
    "xsrf_cookies": True,
}
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/", MainHandler),
    (r"/login", LoginHandler),
], **settings)

配置

<form action="/new_message" method="post">
  {{ xsrf_form_html() }}
  <input type="text" name="message"/>
  <input type="submit" value="Post"/>
</form>

普通表單使用

function getCookie(name) {
    var r = document.cookie.match("\\b" + name + "=([^;]*)\\b");
    return r ? r[1] : undefined;
}

jQuery.postJSON = function(url, args, callback) {
    args._xsrf = getCookie("_xsrf");
    $.ajax({url: url, data: $.param(args), dataType: "text", type: "POST",
        success: function(response) {
        callback(eval("(" + response + ")"));
    }});
};

Ajax使用

注：Ajax使用時，本質上就是去獲取本地的cookie，攜帶cookie再來發送請求

3、cookie

Tornado中可以對cookie進行操作，並且還可以對cookie進行簽名以防止偽造。

a、基本操作

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        if not self.get_cookie("mycookie"):
            self.set_cookie("mycookie", "myvalue")
            self.write("Your cookie was not set yet!")
        else:
            self.write("Your cookie was set!")

b、簽名

Cookie 很容易被惡意的客戶端偽造。加入你想在 cookie 中保存當前登陸用戶的 id 之類的信息，你需要對 cookie 作簽名以防止偽造。Tornado 通過 set_secure_cookie 和 get_secure_cookie 方法直接支持了這種功能。要使用這些方法，你需要在創建應用時提供一個密鑰，名字為 cookie_secret。你可以把它作為一個關鍵詞參數傳入應用的設置中：

class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        if not self.get_secure_cookie("mycookie"):
            self.set_secure_cookie("mycookie", "myvalue")
            self.write("Your cookie was not set yet!")
        else:
            self.write("Your cookie was set!")
             
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/", MainHandler),
], cookie_secret="61oETzKXQAGaYdkL5gEmGeJJFuYh7EQnp2XdTP1o/Vo=")

code

簽名Cookie的本質是：

寫cookie過程：

將值進行base64加密
對除值以外的內容進行簽名，哈希算法（無法逆向解析）
拼接簽名 + 加密值

讀cookie過程：

讀取簽名 + 加密值
對簽名進行驗證
base64解密，獲取值內容

注：許多API驗證機制和安全cookie的實現機制相同。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
 
 
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
 
    def get(self):
        login_user = self.get_secure_cookie("login_user", None)
        if login_user:
            self.write(login_user)
        else:
            self.redirect('/login')
 
 
class LoginHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.current_user()
 
        self.render('login.html', **{'status': ''})
 
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
        username = self.get_argument('name')
        password = self.get_argument('pwd')
        if username == 'wupeiqi' and password == '123':
            self.set_secure_cookie('login_user', '陳超')
            self.redirect('/')
        else:
            self.render('login.html', **{'status': '用戶名或密碼錯誤'})
 
settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'cookie_secret': 'aiuasdhflashjdfoiuashdfiuh'
}
 
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
    (r"/login", LoginHandler),
], **settings)
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

基於cookie進行用戶驗證

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
 
class BaseHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
 
    def get_current_user(self):
        return self.get_secure_cookie("login_user")
 
class MainHandler(BaseHandler):
 
    @tornado.web.authenticated
    def get(self):
        login_user = self.current_user
        self.write(login_user)
 
 
 
class LoginHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.current_user()
 
        self.render('login.html', **{'status': ''})
 
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
 
        username = self.get_argument('name')
        password = self.get_argument('pwd')
        if username == 'wupeiqi' and password == '123':
            self.set_secure_cookie('login_user', '陳超')
            self.redirect('/')
        else:
            self.render('login.html', **{'status': '用戶名或密碼錯誤'})
 
settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'cookie_secret': 'aiuasdhflashjdfoiuashdfiuh',
    'login_url': '/login'
}
 
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
    (r"/login", LoginHandler),
], **settings)
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

Tornado內部提供cookie驗證

五、擴展功能

1、自定義Session

a.知識儲備

類的特殊成員

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
class Foo(object):
  
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        print  '__getitem__',key
  
    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        print '__setitem__',key,value
  
    def __delitem__(self, key):
        print '__delitem__',key
  
  
  
obj = Foo()
result = obj['k1']
#obj['k2'] = 'chenchao'
#del obj['k1']

b.session實現機制

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
from hashlib import sha1
import os, time
  
session_container = {}
  
# 創建MD516進制的session_id
create_session_id = lambda: sha1('%s%s' % (os.urandom(16), time.time())).hexdigest()
  
  
class Session(object):
  
    session_id = "__sessionId__"      # 自定義session的key名稱
  
    def __init__(self, request):
　　　　
         # 默認先從請求信息里獲取自定義的cookie值
        session_value = request.get_cookie(Session.session_id)
        if not session_value:
            self._id = create_session_id()
        else:
            self._id = session_value
        # 設置cookie
        request.set_cookie(Session.session_id, self._id)
  
    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return session_container[self._id][key]
  
    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if session_container.has_key(self._id):
            session_container[self._id][key] = value
        else:
            session_container[self._id] = {key: value}
  
    def __delitem__(self, key):
        del session_container[self._id][key]
  
  
class BaseHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
  
    def initialize(self):
        # 創建Session的對象，將MainHandler的對象傳入
        self.my_session = Session(self)
  
  
# 繼承自定義的BaseHandler
class MainHandler(BaseHandler):
  
    def get(self):
        print self.my_session['c_user']  # 獲取session的值
        print self.my_session['c_card']
        self.write('index')
  
class LoginHandler(BaseHandler):
  
    def get(self):
        self.render('login.html', **{'status': ''})
  
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
  
        username = self.get_argument('name')
        password = self.get_argument('pwd')
        if username == 'chenchao' and password == '123':
             
             # 設置session的值
            self.my_session['c_user'] = 'chenchao'
            self.my_session['c_card'] = '12312312309823012'
  
            self.redirect('/index')
        else:
            self.render('login.html', **{'status': '用戶名或密碼錯誤'})
  
settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'cookie_secret': 'aiuasdhflashjdfoiuashdfiuh',
    'login_url': '/login'
}
  
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
    (r"/login", LoginHandler),
], **settings)
  
  
if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

2、自定義模型綁定

模型綁定有兩個主要功能：

自動生成html表單
用戶輸入驗證

在之前學習的Django中為程序員提供了非常便捷的模型綁定功能，但是在Tornado中，一切需要自己動手！！！

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <link href="{{static_url("commons.css")}}" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
    <h1>hello</h1>
    <form action="/index" method="post">

        <p>hostname: <input type="text" name="host" /> </p>
        <p>ip: <input type="text" name="ip" /> </p>
        <p>port: <input type="text" name="port" /> </p>
        <p>phone: <input type="text" name="phone" /> </p>
        <input type="submit" />
    </form>
</body>
</html>

Html

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
  
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
from hashlib import sha1
import os, time
import re
  
  
class MainForm(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.host = "(.*)"
        self.ip = "^(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)){3}$"
        self.port = '(\d+)'
        self.phone = '^1[3|4|5|8][0-9]\d{8}$'
  
    def check_valid(self, request):
        form_dict = self.__dict__
        for key, regular in form_dict.items():
            post_value = request.get_argument(key)
            # 讓提交的數據 和 定義的正則表達式進行匹配
            ret = re.match(regular, post_value)
            print key,ret,post_value
  
  
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.render('index.html')
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        obj = MainForm()
        result = obj.check_valid(self)
        self.write('ok')
  
  
  
settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'cookie_secret': 'aiuasdhflashjdfoiuashdfiuh',
    'login_url': '/login'
}
  
application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)
  
  
if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

由於請求的驗證時，需要考慮是否可以為空以及正則表達式的復用，所以：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import re


class Field(object):

    def __init__(self, error_msg_dict, required):
        self.id_valid = False
        self.value = None
        self.error = None
        self.name = None
        self.error_msg = error_msg_dict
        self.required = required

    def match(self, name, value):
        self.name = name

        if not self.required:
            self.id_valid = True
            self.value = value
        else:
            if not value:
                if self.error_msg.get('required', None):
                    self.error = self.error_msg['required']
                else:
                    self.error = "%s is required" % name
            else:
                ret = re.match(self.REGULAR, value)
                if ret:
                    self.id_valid = True
                    self.value = ret.group()
                else:
                    if self.error_msg.get('valid', None):
                        self.error = self.error_msg['valid']
                    else:
                        self.error = "%s is invalid" % name


class IPField(Field):
    REGULAR = "^(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)){3}$"

    def __init__(self, error_msg_dict=None, required=True):

        error_msg = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能為空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if error_msg_dict:
            error_msg.update(error_msg_dict)

        super(IPField, self).__init__(error_msg_dict=error_msg, required=required)


class IntegerField(Field):
    REGULAR = "^\d+$"

    def __init__(self, error_msg_dict=None, required=True):
        error_msg = {'required': '數字不能為空', 'valid': '數字格式錯誤'}
        if error_msg_dict:
            error_msg.update(error_msg_dict)

        super(IntegerField, self).__init__(error_msg_dict=error_msg, required=required)


class CheckBoxField(Field):

    def __init__(self, error_msg_dict=None, required=True):
        error_msg = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能為空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if error_msg_dict:
            error_msg.update(error_msg_dict)

        super(CheckBoxField, self).__init__(error_msg_dict=error_msg, required=required)

    def match(self, name, value):
        self.name = name

        if not self.required:
            self.id_valid = True
            self.value = value
        else:
            if not value:
                if self.error_msg.get('required', None):
                    self.error = self.error_msg['required']
                else:
                    self.error = "%s is required" % name
            else:
                if isinstance(name, list):
                    self.id_valid = True
                    self.value = value
                else:
                    if self.error_msg.get('valid', None):
                        self.error = self.error_msg['valid']
                    else:
                        self.error = "%s is invalid" % name


class FileField(Field):
    REGULAR = "^(\w+\.pdf)|(\w+\.mp3)|(\w+\.py)$"

    def __init__(self, error_msg_dict=None, required=True):
        error_msg = {}  # {'required': '數字不能為空', 'valid': '數字格式錯誤'}
        if error_msg_dict:
            error_msg.update(error_msg_dict)

        super(FileField, self).__init__(error_msg_dict=error_msg, required=required)

    def match(self, name, value):
        self.name = name
        self.value = []
        if not self.required:
            self.id_valid = True
            self.value = value
        else:
            if not value:
                if self.error_msg.get('required', None):
                    self.error = self.error_msg['required']
                else:
                    self.error = "%s is required" % name
            else:
                m = re.compile(self.REGULAR)
                if isinstance(value, list):
                    for file_name in value:
                        r = m.match(file_name)
                        if r:
                            self.value.append(r.group())
                            self.id_valid = True
                        else:
                            self.id_valid = False
                            if self.error_msg.get('valid', None):
                                self.error = self.error_msg['valid']
                            else:
                                self.error = "%s is invalid" % name
                            break
                else:
                    if self.error_msg.get('valid', None):
                        self.error = self.error_msg['valid']
                    else:
                        self.error = "%s is invalid" % name

    def save(self, request, upload_path=""):

        file_metas = request.files[self.name]
        for meta in file_metas:
            file_name = meta['filename']
            with open(file_name,'wb') as up:
                up.write(meta['body'])


class Form(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.value_dict = {}
        self.error_dict = {}
        self.valid_status = True

    def validate(self, request, depth=10, pre_key=""):

        self.initialize()
        self.__valid(self, request, depth, pre_key)

    def initialize(self):
        pass

    def __valid(self, form_obj, request, depth, pre_key):
        """
        驗證用戶表單請求的數據
        :param form_obj: Form對象（Form派生類的對象）
        :param request: Http請求上下文（用於從請求中獲取用戶提交的值）
        :param depth: 對Form內容的深度的支持
        :param pre_key: Html中name屬性值的前綴（多層Form時，內部遞歸時設置，無需理會）
        :return: 是否驗證通過，True：驗證成功；False：驗證失敗
        """

        depth -= 1
        if depth < 0:
            return None
        form_field_dict = form_obj.__dict__
        for key, field_obj in form_field_dict.items():
            print key,field_obj
            if isinstance(field_obj, Form) or isinstance(field_obj, Field):
                if isinstance(field_obj, Form):
                    # 獲取以key開頭的所有的值，以參數的形式傳至
                    self.__valid(field_obj, request, depth, key)
                    continue
                if pre_key:
                    key = "%s.%s" % (pre_key, key)

                if isinstance(field_obj, CheckBoxField):
                    post_value = request.get_arguments(key, None)
                elif isinstance(field_obj, FileField):
                    post_value = []
                    file_list = request.request.files.get(key, None)
                    for file_item in file_list:
                        post_value.append(file_item['filename'])
                else:
                    post_value = request.get_argument(key, None)

                print post_value
                # 讓提交的數據 和 定義的正則表達式進行匹配
                field_obj.match(key, post_value)
                if field_obj.id_valid:
                    self.value_dict[key] = field_obj.value
                else:
                    self.error_dict[key] = field_obj.error
                    self.valid_status = False


class ListForm(object):
    def __init__(self, form_type):
        self.form_type = form_type
        self.valid_status = True
        self.value_dict = {}
        self.error_dict = {}

    def validate(self, request):
        name_list = request.request.arguments.keys() + request.request.files.keys()
        index = 0
        flag = False
        while True:
            pre_key = "[%d]" % index
            for name in name_list:
                if name.startswith(pre_key):
                    flag = True
                    break
            if flag:
                form_obj = self.form_type()
                form_obj.validate(request, depth=10, pre_key="[%d]" % index)
                if form_obj.valid_status:
                    self.value_dict[index] = form_obj.value_dict
                else:
                    self.error_dict[index] = form_obj.error_dict
                    self.valid_status = False
            else:
                break

            index += 1
            flag = False


class MainForm(Form):

    def __init__(self):
        # self.ip = IPField(required=True)
        # self.port = IntegerField(required=True)
        # self.new_ip = IPField(required=True)
        # self.second = SecondForm()
        self.fff = FileField(required=True)
        super(MainForm, self).__init__()

#
# class SecondForm(Form):
#
#     def __init__(self):
#         self.ip = IPField(required=True)
#         self.new_ip = IPField(required=True)
#
#         super(SecondForm, self).__init__()


class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
    def get(self):
        self.render('index.html')
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # for i in  dir(self.request):
        #     print i
        # print self.request.arguments
        # print self.request.files
        # print self.request.query
        # name_list = self.request.arguments.keys() + self.request.files.keys()
        # print name_list

        # list_form = ListForm(MainForm)
        # list_form.validate(self)
        #
        # print list_form.valid_status
        # print list_form.value_dict
        # print list_form.error_dict

        # obj = MainForm()
        # obj.validate(self)
        #
        # print "驗證結果：", obj.valid_status
        # print "符合驗證結果：", obj.value_dict
        # print "錯誤信息:"
        # for key, item in obj.error_dict.items():
        #     print key,item
        # print self.get_arguments('favor'),type(self.get_arguments('favor'))
        # print self.get_argument('favor'),type(self.get_argument('favor'))
        # print type(self.get_argument('fff')),self.get_argument('fff')
        # print self.request.files
        # obj = MainForm()
        # obj.validate(self)
        # print obj.valid_status
        # print obj.value_dict
        # print obj.error_dict
        # print self.request,type(self.request)
        # obj.fff.save(self.request)
        # from tornado.httputil import HTTPServerRequest
        # name_list = self.request.arguments.keys() + self.request.files.keys()
        # print name_list
        # print self.request.files,type(self.request.files)
        # print len(self.request.files.get('fff'))
        
        # obj = MainForm()
        # obj.validate(self)
        # print obj.valid_status
        # print obj.value_dict
        # print obj.error_dict
        # obj.fff.save(self.request)
        self.write('ok')



settings = {
    'template_path': 'template',
    'static_path': 'static',
    'static_url_prefix': '/static/',
    'cookie_secret': 'aiuasdhflashjdfoiuashdfiuh',
    'login_url': '/login'
}

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", MainHandler),
], **settings)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    application.listen(8888)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

Form驗證框架

Form驗證框架

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