之前的這篇文章《分享在winform下實現左右布局多窗口界面》已經實現了左右布局多窗口界面，今天本來是研究基於winform的插件編程，沒想到順便又找到了另一種實現方案，這種實現方案更簡單，要寫的代碼也很少，具體實現如下。
可視化設計部份：
1.父窗口：ParentForm的IsMdiContainer 設置為 true，即：this.IsMdiContainer=true;
2.在父窗口中添加一個頂部菜單：menuStrip1，並新增一個菜單項：Windows，且將menuStrip1的MdiWindowListItem設置為該Windows菜單對象，即： this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem;
3.在父窗口中添加一個樹形菜單：treeView1，並將其Dock設為左靠齊，即：this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left;且將margin設為0；
4.在父窗口中添加一個Panel:panel1,且將其width設為3；
以下是設計后自動生成的代碼：
namespace WinFormTest
{
partial class ParentForm
{
/// <summary>
/// 必需的設計器變量。
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的資源。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">如果應釋放托管資源，為 true；否則為 false。</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows 窗體設計器生成的代碼
/// <summary>
/// 設計器支持所需的方法 - 不要
/// 使用代碼編輯器修改此方法的內容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.menuStrip1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip();
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.treeView1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TreeView();
this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
this.menuStrip1.SuspendLayout();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// menuStrip1
//
this.menuStrip1.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem});
this.menuStrip1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.menuStrip1.MdiWindowListItem = this.windowsToolStripMenuItem;
this.menuStrip1.Name = "menuStrip1";
this.menuStrip1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 25);
this.menuStrip1.TabIndex = 0;
this.menuStrip1.Text = "menuStrip1";
//
// windowsToolStripMenuItem
//
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Name = "windowsToolStripMenuItem";
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(73, 21);
this.windowsToolStripMenuItem.Text = "Windows";
//
// treeView1
//
this.treeView1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Left;
this.treeView1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 25);
this.treeView1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0);
this.treeView1.Name = "treeView1";
this.treeView1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(228, 380);
this.treeView1.TabIndex = 3;
this.treeView1.NodeMouseDoubleClick += new System.Windows.Forms.TreeNodeMouseClickEventHandler(this.treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick);
//
// panel1
//
this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)(((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom)
| System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
this.panel1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
this.panel1.BorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
this.panel1.Cursor = System.Windows.Forms.Cursors.VSplit;
this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(230, 28);
this.panel1.Margin = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(0);
this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(3, 100);
this.panel1.TabIndex = 5;
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(684, 405);
this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
this.Controls.Add(this.treeView1);
this.Controls.Add(this.menuStrip1);
this.IsMdiContainer = true;
this.MainMenuStrip = this.menuStrip1;
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Load);
this.Resize += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Resize);
this.menuStrip1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.menuStrip1.PerformLayout();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip menuStrip1;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem windowsToolStripMenuItem;
private System.Windows.Forms.TreeView treeView1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
}
}
編碼部份：
其實上面的設計后，如果通過以下定義的方法打開一個子窗口，則直接實現了左右布局且包含多子窗口的界面。
private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new()
{
Form childForm = new TForm();
childForm.MdiParent = this;
childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString();
childForm.Text = childForm.Name;
childForm.Show();
}
當然仍然有不完美的地方，那就是左邊菜單欄寬度不能動態調整，而又沒有用到splitContainer，故我們只有自己來實現，其實也很簡單，步驟如下：
1.在父窗口構造函數中加入初始化panel1（用作分割器）位置及訂閱相關事件，代碼如下：
public ParentForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown;
panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp;
panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove;
panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height;
panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width;
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
}
上述代碼的作用是：1.保證panel1的高度與位置與左側樹形菜單控件相匹配；2.訂閱的三個Mouse事件主要是為了后面實現移動panel1。
2.實現訂閱的三個Mouse事件所對應的方法，分別為鼠標按下、鼠標移動、鼠標松開，代碼如下：
private bool startMove = false; //用於標記是否在移動中
void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
}
}
void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
startMove = false;
this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left;
}
}
void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
startMove = true;
}
上述代碼作用：按下鼠標標記為開始移動，然后移動鼠標，若是標記移動中，說明是要移動panel1，故直接將鼠標當前的X坐標位置累加到panel1.Left屬性上，從而實現移動，當鼠標彈起后，則將樹形菜單的寬度設置為panel1.Left，從而實現樹形菜單隨panel1的移動而改變大小。
同時為了保證panel1的高度始終與樹形菜單相同，在父窗口的Resize方法加入動態調整panel1的高度，代碼如下：
private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
}
到此就完成了整個的實現方案，為了便於模擬在樹形菜單中雙擊打開子窗口的效果，同時也添加了如下代碼：
private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadMenuNodes();
}
private void LoadMenuNodes() //實現情況應該是從數據庫及用戶權限來進行動態創建菜單項
{
this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear();
var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root");
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
{
var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i);
int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10);
for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++)
{
section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n));
}
}
}
private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//當非父節點（即：實際的功能節點）
{
ShowChildForm<ChildForm>();
}
}
附上完整的實現代碼：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WinFormTest
{
public partial class ParentForm : Form
{
private bool startMove = false;
public ParentForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
panel1.MouseDown += panel1_MouseDown;
panel1.MouseUp += panel1_MouseUp;
panel1.MouseMove += panel1_MouseMove;
panel1.Top = menuStrip1.Height;
panel1.Left = treeView1.Left + treeView1.Width;
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
}
void panel1_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
}
}
void panel1_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (startMove)
{
panel1.Left += e.X;
startMove = false;
this.treeView1.Width = panel1.Left;
}
}
void panel1_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
startMove = true;
}
private void ParentForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadMenuNodes();
}
private void treeView1_NodeMouseDoubleClick(object sender, TreeNodeMouseClickEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Node.Nodes.Count <= 0)//當非父節點（即：實際的功能節點）
{
ShowChildForm<ChildForm>();
}
}
private void ParentForm_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
panel1.Height = panel1.Parent.Height;
}
private void LoadMenuNodes() //實現情況應該是從數據庫及用戶權限來進行動態創建菜單項
{
this.treeView1.Nodes.Clear();
var root = this.treeView1.Nodes.Add("Root");
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
{
var section = root.Nodes.Add("Section-" + i);
int maxNodes = new Random(i).Next(1, 10);
for (int n = 1; n <= maxNodes; n++)
{
section.Nodes.Add(string.Format("Level-{0}-{1}", i, n));
}
}
}
private void ShowChildForm<TForm>() where TForm : Form, new()
{
Form childForm = new TForm();
childForm.MdiParent = this;
childForm.Name = "ChildForm - " + DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString();
childForm.Text = childForm.Name;
childForm.Show();
}
}
}
最終效果如下圖示：
說明：我這里為了體現分割器，故將其背景色設為紅色，便於大家觀察，這種解決方案與之前的解決方案功能上是相同的，但有一點小小區別，之前的解決方案中子窗口的標題欄是在父窗口的容器內，而本文的解決方案中子窗口在最大化后，子窗口的標題欄會與父窗口合並，如下圖示，至於大家用哪種依實際場景。
后續時間我會繼續研究winform關於插件式編程（近期工作任務要求），到時候同樣會分享給大家，也歡迎大家一起交流，當然高手可以無視。