由於Python易學、開源、面向對象、可移植性高、庫豐富的特點，近期開始學習Python。百度了解了各款Python IDE后，還是認為Eric比較適合我，所以踏上了安裝Eric坎坷之路，從選定工具到安裝成功一共花費了8天時間，從Windows到Linux再到Mac，挨個折騰了一遍，Windows的搭建比較簡單，下載好相應版本直接運行exe就行了，Linux和Mac下我都是用源碼包安裝的，所以遇到了不少問題最后，終於在Mac上研究明白了。把搭建的整個過程寫下來，和與我一樣的小白分享。
PS:Mac與Linux的搭建沒什么區別，Linux下的也可參考本文，由於我安裝過xcode所以gcc我沒有再單獨去安裝，沒有的請根據提示自行安裝。
一、准備文件
- Python3.4
- Qt5.5.1
- SIP4.17
- QScintilla2.9.1
- PyQt5.5.1
二、安裝過程
1.安裝Python3.4
從官網（https://www.python.org/download）下載相應平台的版本安裝即可
注意！！
-
如果您是iOS開發者,請不要刪除python2.7,因為Xcode使用的2.7的腳本,不支持3以上版本!!!
2.安裝Qt5.5.1
從官網（http://qt-project.org/downloads）下載相應平台的版本安裝即可，路徑設成默認（/Users/*/Qt5.5.1）即可
安裝完成需要將Qt5添加到環境變量~/.bash_profile
1 vim ~/.bash_profile
將下面兩行添加進去
1 PATH="/Users/*/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin:${PATH}" 2 export PATH
3.安裝SIP4.14
下載地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download
1 tar -zxvf sip-4.17.tar.gz 2 cd sip-4.17 3 python3 configure.py 4 make && date # 加&&date是個人習慣，make成功會顯示時間 5 sudo make install && date # 一定要加sudo
4.安裝QScintilla/Qt4Qt5
下載地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/qscintilla/download
QScintilla2 文件中有3個文件夾的內容要分別安裝：Qt4Qt5，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python。
Qt4Qt5文件夾要在PyQt之前安裝，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python要在PyQt之后安裝，順序一定要注意！！
1 cd ./QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/Qt4Qt5 2 qmake qscintilla.pro 3 make && date 4 sudo make install && date
5.安裝PyQt5.5.1
下載地址：https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/download5
由於是安裝在Python的site-packages里，所以要首先確定包的位置
1 python3 2 Python3.4.4(v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6,Dec192015,20:38:52) 3 [GCC 4.2.1(AppleInc. build 5666)(dot 3)] on darwin 4 Type"help","copyright","credits" or "license"for more information. 5 >>> import site 6 >>> site.getsitepackages() 7 ['/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages','/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/site-python','/Library/Python/3.4/site-packages']
知道了位置開始編譯
1 cd PyQt-gpl-5.5.1 2 $python3 configure.py -q /Users/**/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin/qmake -d /Library/Python/3.4/site-packages/ #-q 后面的是qmake的位置，-d 后面是Python包的位置 3 make && date
注意！！
我在執行make的時候出了一個這樣的錯誤
1 /Users/Kallan/Documents/Python開發/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/sip/QtPositioning/qgeolocation.sip:28:10: fatal error: 2 'qgeolocation.h' file not found 3 #include <qgeolocation.h> 4 ^ 5 1 error generated. 6 make[1]:***[sipQtPositioningcmodule.o]Error1 7 make:***[sub-QtPositioning-make_first-ordered]Error2
解決方法：
在/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/QtPositioning文件夾下創建一個頭文件qgeolocation.h，把下面的內容復制進去
1 /**************************************************************************** 2 ** 3 **Copyright(C)2015TheQtCompanyLtd. 4 **Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/ 5 ** 6 **This file is part of the QtPositioning module of the QtToolkit. 7 ** 8 ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL21$ 9 **CommercialLicenseUsage 10 **Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in 11 ** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the 12 **Softwareor, alternatively,in accordance with the terms contained in 13 ** a written agreement between you andTheQtCompany.For licensing terms 14 **and conditions see http://www.qt.io/terms-conditions.For further 15 ** information use the contact form at http://www.qt.io/contact-us. 16 ** 17 ** GNU LesserGeneralPublicLicenseUsage 18 **Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser 19 **GeneralPublicLicense version 2.1or version 3as published by the Free 20 **SoftwareFoundationand appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPLv21and 21 ** LICENSE.LGPLv3 included in the packaging of this file.Please review the 22 ** following information to ensure the GNU LesserGeneralPublicLicense 23 ** requirements will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html and 24 ** http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html. 25 ** 26 **As a special exception,TheQtCompany gives you certain additional 27 ** rights.These rights are described inTheQtCompany LGPL Exception 28 ** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package. 29 ** 30 ** $QT_END_LICENSE$ 31 ** 32 ****************************************************************************/ 33 #ifndef QGEOLOCATION_H 34 #define QGEOLOCATION_H 35 #include <QtCore/QSharedDataPointer> 36 #include <QtCore/QMetaType> 37 #include <QtPositioning/qpositioningglobal.h> 38 QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE 39 classQGeoAddress; 40 classQGeoCoordinate; 41 classQGeoRectangle; 42 classQGeoLocationPrivate; 43 class Q_POSITIONING_EXPORT QGeoLocation 44 { 45 public: 46 QGeoLocation(); 47 QGeoLocation(const QGeoLocation&other); 48 ~QGeoLocation(); 49 QGeoLocation&operator=(const QGeoLocation&other); 50 bool operator==(const QGeoLocation&other) const; 51 bool operator!=(const QGeoLocation&other) const { 52 return!(other ==*this); 53 } 54 QGeoAddress address() const; 55 void setAddress(const QGeoAddress&address); 56 QGeoCoordinate coordinate() const; 57 void setCoordinate(const QGeoCoordinate&position); 58 QGeoRectangle boundingBox() const; 59 void setBoundingBox(const QGeoRectangle&box); 60 bool isEmpty() const; 61 private: 62 QSharedDataPointer<QGeoLocationPrivate> d; 63 }; 64 Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QGeoLocation, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE); 65 QT_END_NAMESPACE 66 Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(QGeoLocation) 67 #endif
繼續！
1 make && date 2 sudo make install && date
6.安裝QScintilla/Python
1 cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/Python 2 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5-d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5--pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5-v /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5 3 make && date 4 sudo make install && date
如果在Python里import不會報錯，即代表安裝成功，可繼續往下進行
1 python3 2 Python3.4.4(v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6,Dec192015,20:38:52) 3 [GCC 4.2.1(AppleInc. build 5666)(dot 3)] on darwin 4 Type"help","copyright","credits" or "license"for more information. 5 >>> import PyQt5.Qsci 6 >>> exit()
7.安裝QScintilla/designer-Qt4Qt5
1 cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/designer-Qt4Qt5 2 qmake designer.pro 3 make && date 4 sudo make install && date
8.安裝Eric6
下載地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/eric-ide/files/eric6/stable/
下載其中的eric6-6.1.1.tar主文件和eric6-i18n-zh_CN.GB2312-6.1.1.tar中文語言包。
將兩個文件提取出來，將中文語音包的eric復制到主文件內合並
1 cd eric6-6.1.1 2 sudo python3 install.py
配置Eric6
1、選擇Eric6-> preference -> Editor -> Autocompation。勾選所有選框；
2.Editor -> QScintilla 。勾上左右的兩個選框，然后在下面source中，選擇from Document and API files；
3.Editor -> APIs。勾選Complie APIs Autocompation，在Language中，選擇python3。點面下面的Add from installed APIs按鈕,選擇住需要的.api文件。最后點擊Compile APIs；
4、Interface -> Interface。Language選擇中文,重啟生效。
大功告成！
三、曾經遇到的問題
1.安裝QScintilla designer-Qt4Qt5時報錯！
1 root@kallan:/media/kallan/D盤/編程學習/python/QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/designer-Qt4Qt5# qmake -qt5 designer.pro Project ERROR: Unknown module(s) in QT: designer
原因： Qt沒有安裝好
2.安裝QScintilla Python時報錯！
1 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5-d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5--pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5--qsci-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5 2 Error:Make sure you have a working sip on your PATH or use the --sip argument 3 to explicitly specify a working sip.
原因：沒有安裝SIP
3.安裝QScintilla Python時報錯！
1 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5 2 ConfiguringQScintilla2.9.1... 3 QScintilla2.9.1 is being used. 4 TheQScintilla.sip files will be installed in/usr/share/sip/PyQt5. 5 TheQScintilla module will be installed in 6 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/PyQt5. 7 PyQt5.3.1 is being used. 8 Qt5.3.1 is being used. 9 sip 4.16.2 is being used. 10 The sip executable is /usr/bin/sip. 11 TheQScintilla module is being built with 'protected' redefined as 'public'. 12 TheQScintilla API file will be installed in/usr/share/qt5/qsci/api/python. 13 Generating the C++ source for the Qsci module... 14 Error:Unable to create the C++ code.
原因：安裝順序錯誤——先安裝的PyQt5，而后安裝的QScintilla Qt4Qt5
4.QScintilla的Python安裝完成但是在Python中import時報錯！
1 >>> import PyQt5.Qsci 2 Traceback(most recent call last): 3 File"<stdin>", line 1,in<module> 4 ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so,2):Library not loaded:@rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/QtPrintSupport 5 Referenced from:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so 6 Reason: image not found
5.安裝Eric報錯！
1 python3 install.py 2 Checking dependencies 3 PythonVersion:3.4.4 4 FoundPyQt5 5 Sorry, please install QScintilla2 and 6 its PyQt5/PyQt4 wrapper. 7 Error: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so,2):Library not loaded:@rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/QtPrintSupport 8 Referenced from:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so 9 Reason: image not found
4和5問題的原因是一樣的，QScintilla的Python沒有安裝成功
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