命令簡介：
該命令用於密碼時效管理。它可以修改賬號和密碼的有效期。對於chage命令的描述如下所示：
The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change his/her password
命令語法：
chage [options] user
命令參數：
| 參數 |
描敘 |
| -d |
指定密碼最后修改日期 |
| -E |
密碼到期的日期，過了這天，此賬號將不可用。0表示馬上過期，-1表示永不過期。 |
| -h |
顯示幫助信息並退出 |
| -I |
密碼過期后，鎖定賬號的天數 |
| -l |
列出用戶以及密碼的有效期 |
| -m |
密碼可以更改的最小天數。為零代表任何時候都可以更改密碼。 |
| -M |
密碼保持有效的最大天數。 |
| -W |
密碼過期前，提前收到警告信息的天數。 |
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使用示例：
1: 查看chage命令的幫助信息
[root@DB-Server ~]#man chage
[root@DB-Server ~]# info chage
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -h
Usage: chage [options] user
Options:
-d, --lastday LAST_DAY set last password change to LAST_DAY
-E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE set account expiration date to EXPIRE_DATE
-h, --help display this help message and exit
-I, --inactive INACTIVE set password inactive after expiration
to INACTIVE
-l, --list show account aging information
-m, --mindays MIN_DAYS set minimum number of days before password
change to MIN_DAYS
-M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS set maximim number of days before password
change to MAX_DAYS
-W, --warndays WARN_DAYS set expiration warning days to WARN_DAYS
2：查看mysql用戶以及密碼的有效期
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -l mysql
Last password change : Mar 26, 2015
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : -1
Maximum number of days between password change : -1
Number of days of warning before password expires : -1
[root@DB-Server ~]#
3：設置mysql用戶60天后密碼過期，至少7天后才能修改密碼，密碼過期前7天開始收到告警信息。
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -M 60 -m 7 -W 7 mysql
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@DB-Server ~]# chage -l mysql
Last password change : Mar 26, 2015
Password expires : May 25, 2015
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 7
Maximum number of days between password change : 60
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
[root@DB-Server ~]#
4：強制新建用戶第一次登陸時修改密碼
[root@DB-Server home]# useradd test
[root@DB-Server home]# passwd test
Changing password for user test.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@DB-Server home]# chage -d 0 test
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@DB-Server home]# chage -l test
Last password change : password must be changed
Password expires : never
Password inactive : never
Account expires : never
Minimum number of days between password change : 0
Maximum number of days between password change : 99999
Number of days of warning before password expires : 7
