CefSharp初識--把網頁移到桌面


在開發中我們可曾有過這樣的需求,將某個網頁嵌入到.Net應用中來,但Winform自帶的web browser不怎么理想。CefSharp可以讓我們在.Net應用中嵌入一個Chromium。它提供了WPF和Winform版的web browser 控件,能很好的渲染出HTML5效果而且和宿主程序有很強的交互能力。  git地址:https://github.com/cefsharp/CefSharp 。 

在WPF中使用

在Nugget中輸入CefSharp,找到CefSharp.WPF 並按照到工程中。

cefsharp不支持anycup,還需要設置一下目標平台為x86或x64. 具體請移步:http://www.cnblogs.com/yuefei/p/4123597.html

渲染效果

加入一個css3的動畫:轉動的風車。 元素結構還是很清晰,但動畫效果還是沒有瀏覽器流暢。

      

 交互方法

 cefsharp支持JavaScript和C#方法相互調用。首先需要注冊一個綁定對象:

  private void MainWindow_OnLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var wb = new ChromiumWebBrowser
            {
                Address = @"file:///D:/VS2012/Support/Main/Portal/Presentation/Portal.Client/Resources/BindingTest.html"
            };
            wb.RegisterJsObject("bound", new BoundObject());
            WBGrid.Children.Add(wb);
        }

BoundObject:

 public class BoundObject
    {
        public int MyProperty { get; set; }

        public string MyReadOnlyProperty { get; internal set; }
        public Type MyUnconvertibleProperty { get; set; }
        public SubBoundObject SubObject { get; set; }
        public ExceptionTestBoundObject ExceptionTestObject { get; set; }

        public uint[] MyUintArray
        {
            get { return new uint[] { 7, 8 }; }
        }

        public int[] MyIntArray
        {
            get { return new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }; }
        }

        public Array MyArray
        {
            get { return new short[] { 1, 2, 3 }; }
        }

        public byte[] MyBytes
        {
            get { return new byte[] { 3, 4, 5 }; }
        }

        public BoundObject()
        {
            MyProperty = 42;
            MyReadOnlyProperty = "I'm immutable!";
            IgnoredProperty = "I am an Ignored Property";
            MyUnconvertibleProperty = GetType();
            SubObject = new SubBoundObject();
            ExceptionTestObject = new ExceptionTestBoundObject();
        }

        public void TestCallback(IJavascriptCallback javascriptCallback)
        {
            const int taskDelay = 1500;

            Task.Run(async () =>
            {
                await Task.Delay(taskDelay);

                await javascriptCallback.ExecuteAsync("This callback from C# was delayed " + taskDelay + "ms");
            });
        }

        public int EchoMyProperty()
        {
            return MyProperty;
        }

        public string Repeat(string str, int n)
        {
            string result = String.Empty;
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                result += str;
            }
            return result;
        }

        public string EchoParamOrDefault(string param = "This is the default value")
        {
            return param;
        }

        public void EchoVoid()
        {
        }

        public Boolean EchoBoolean(Boolean arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Boolean? EchoNullableBoolean(Boolean? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public SByte EchoSByte(SByte arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public SByte? EchoNullableSByte(SByte? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Int16 EchoInt16(Int16 arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Int16? EchoNullableInt16(Int16? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Int32 EchoInt32(Int32 arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Int32? EchoNullableInt32(Int32? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Int64 EchoInt64(Int64 arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Int64? EchoNullableInt64(Int64? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Byte EchoByte(Byte arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Byte? EchoNullableByte(Byte? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public UInt16 EchoUInt16(UInt16 arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public UInt16? EchoNullableUInt16(UInt16? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public UInt32 EchoUInt32(UInt32 arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public UInt32? EchoNullableUInt32(UInt32? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public UInt64 EchoUInt64(UInt64 arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public UInt64? EchoNullableUInt64(UInt64? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Single EchoSingle(Single arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Single? EchoNullableSingle(Single? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Double EchoDouble(Double arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Double? EchoNullableDouble(Double? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Char EchoChar(Char arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Char? EchoNullableChar(Char? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public DateTime EchoDateTime(DateTime arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public DateTime? EchoNullableDateTime(DateTime? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Decimal EchoDecimal(Decimal arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public Decimal? EchoNullableDecimal(Decimal? arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        public String EchoString(String arg0)
        {
            return arg0;
        }

        // TODO: This will currently not work, as it causes a collision w/ the EchoString() method. We need to find a way around that I guess.
        //public String echoString(String arg)
        //{
        //    return "Lowercase echo: " + arg;
        //}

        public String lowercaseMethod()
        {
            return "lowercase";
        }

        public string ReturnJsonEmployeeList()
        {
            return "{\"employees\":[{\"firstName\":\"John\", \"lastName\":\"Doe\"},{\"firstName\":\"Anna\", \"lastName\":\"Smith\"},{\"firstName\":\"Peter\", \"lastName\":\"Jones\"}]}";
        }

        [JavascriptIgnore]
        public string IgnoredProperty { get; set; }

        [JavascriptIgnore]
        public string IgnoredMethod()
        {
            return "I am an Ignored Method";
        }

        public string ComplexParamObject(object param)
        {
            if (param == null)
            {
                return "param is null";
            }
            return "The param type is:" + param.GetType();
        }

        public SubBoundObject GetSubObject()
        {
            return SubObject;
        }
    }
View Code

JavaScript調用C#方法並執行回調函數:

  <p>
            Javscript Callback Test
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                function callback(s)
                {
                    var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
                    result.innerText += "Callback: " + s+ "" + Date();
                }

                function testCallback()
                {
                    bound.testCallback(callback);

                    var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
                    result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";
                }
            </script>
            <button onclick="testCallback()">Test Callback</button>
            <br />
            <span id="cbresult"></span>
        </p>

這里的bound就是我們注冊的C#對象。其中包含一個TestCallback的方法。調用的時候不區分大小寫。

  public void TestCallback(IJavascriptCallback javascriptCallback)
        {
            const int taskDelay = 1500;

            Task.Run(async () =>
            {
                await Task.Delay(taskDelay);

                using (javascriptCallback)
                {
                    await javascriptCallback.ExecuteAsync("This callback from C# was delayed " + taskDelay + "ms");
                }
            });
        }

執行結果:

 先執行了testCallback方法,然后執行了callback,返回了后台傳遞過來的參數。但如果再執行JavaScript之后頁面跳轉了,是不會再執行C#里面的回調函數的。

 function testDisposedCallback()
 {
   bound.testCallback(callback); //這里的方法不會執行了var result = document.getElementById('disposedcbresult');
   result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";
 window.location.assign("http://www.baidu.com");
  }

JavaScript執行有參數的C#方法

BoundObject有一個Repeat方法

   public string Repeat(string str, int n)
        {
            string result = String.Empty;
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                result += str;
            }
            return result;
        }

JavaScript調用:

 <p>
            Result of calling bound.repeat("hi ", 5) =
            <script type="text/javascript">
                var result = bound.repeat("hi ", 5);
                document.write('"' + result + '"');
                if (result === "hi hi hi hi hi ")
                {
                    document.write(" SUCCESS");
                } else
                {
                    document.write(" FAIL!");
                }
            </script>
        </p>

執行結果:

委托C#方法

 將綁定對象的方法作為參數傳遞給JavaScript方法。

  <script type="text/javascript">
                function myFunction(functionParam)
                {
                    return functionParam();
                }
                document.write("委托輸出屬性結果: " + myFunction(bound.echoMyProperty));
</script>
echoMyProperty方法:
   public int EchoMyProperty()
   {
            return MyProperty;//初始化為42
    }

返回C#對象

BoundObject含有一個子對象 SubBoundObject。通過GetObject返回。

 public SubBoundObject GetSubObject()
  {
     return SubObject;
  }

SubBoundObject:

public class SubBoundObject
    {
        public string SimpleProperty { get; set; }

        public SubBoundObject()
        {
            SimpleProperty = "這是子對象屬性";
        }

        public string GetMyType()
        {
            return "My Type is " + GetType();
        }

        public string EchoSimpleProperty()
        {
            return SimpleProperty;
        }
    }
View Code

JavaScript調用:

 <script type="text/javascript">
     document.write("bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty result: " + bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty);
   </script>

執行結果:

獲取bound對象的所有方法和屬性

        'bound的'所有方法:<br />
        <ul>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                for (var name in bound)
                {
                    if (bound[name].constructor.name != 'Function') continue;
                    document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
                }
            </script>
        </ul>

         'bound的'所有屬性:<br />
        <ul>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                for (var name in bound)
                {
                    if (bound[name].constructor.name === 'Function') continue;

                    document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
                    if (typeof bound[name] == "object" && bound[name] !== null)
                    {
//展示子對象屬性
for (var sub in bound[name]) { var type = bound[name][sub].constructor.name === 'Function' ? "Function" : "Property"; document.write("<li>" + name + "." + sub + "(" + type + ")" + "</li>"); } } } </script> </ul>

可以在C#對象中忽略掉屬性和方法,這樣就不會顯示出來。

   [JavascriptIgnore]
   public string IgnoredProperty { get; set; }

   [JavascriptIgnore]
   public string IgnoredMethod()
    {
      return "I am an Ignored Method";
    }

整個測試頁面:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Binding Test</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>
            Async Binding Test
            <span id="asyncresult"></span>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                var asResult = document.getElementById('asyncresult');
            
                function writeAsyncResult(call, end)
                {
                    var p = document.createElement('p');
                    var br = document.createElement('br');
                    var br2 = document.createElement('br');
                    var title = document.createTextNode('Async Call: ');
                    var callText = document.createTextNode(call);
                    var endText = document.createTextNode(end);
                
                    p.appendChild(title);
                    p.appendChild(br);
                    p.appendChild(callText);
                    p.appendChild(br2);
                    p.appendChild(endText);
                
                    asResult.appendChild(p);
                }
            
                function asyncError()
                {
                    var call = "Async call (Throw Exception): " + Date();
                    boundAsync.error().catch(function (e)
                    {
                        var end = "Error: " + e + "(" + Date() + ")";
                        writeAsyncResult(call, end);
                    });
                }
            
                function asyncDivOk()
                {
                    var call = "Async call (Divide 16 / 2): " + Date();
                    boundAsync.div(16, 2).then(function (res)
                    {
                        var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
                        writeAsyncResult(call, end);
                    });
                }
            
                function asyncDivFail()
                {
                    var call = "Async call (Divide 16 /0): " + Date();
                    boundAsync.div(16, 0).then(function (res)
                    {
                        var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
                        writeAsyncResult(call, end);
                    },
                    function (e)
                    {
                        var end = "Error: " + e + "(" + Date() + ")";
                        writeAsyncResult(call, end);
                    });
                }
            
                function asyncHello()
                {
                    var call = "Async call (Hello): " + Date();
                    boundAsync.hello('CefSharp').then(function (res)
                    {
                        var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
                        writeAsyncResult(call, end);
                    });
                }
            
                function asyncDoSomething()
                {
                    var call = "Async call (Long Running Task): " + Date();
                    boundAsync.doSomething().then(function (res)
                    {
                        var end = "Result: " + res + "(" + Date() + ")";
                        writeAsyncResult(call, end);
                    });
                }
            
                asyncError();
                asyncDivOk();
                asyncDivFail();
                asyncDoSomething();
            </script>
        </p>
        <p>
            Javscript Callback Test
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                function callback(s) {
                    var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
                    result.innerText += "Callback: " + s + "" + Date();
                }

                function testCallback()
                {
                    bound.testCallback(callback);
                    var result = document.getElementById('cbresult');
                    result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";
                }
            </script>
            <button onclick="testCallback()">Test Callback</button>
            <br />
            <span id="cbresult"></span>
        </p>

        <p>
            Disposed Javscript Callback Test (navigates to www.google.com before callback fires)
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                function disposedCallback(s)
                {
                    // This callback should be disposed and should not be called
                    window.alert("This callback should not have been called");

                    var result = document.getElementById('disposedcbresult');
                    result.innerText += "Callback: " + s + "" + Date();
                }

                function testDisposedCallback()
                {
                    bound.testCallback(callback);

                    var result = document.getElementById('disposedcbresult');
                    result.innerText = "The function has returned: " + Date() + "\n";

                    window.location.assign("http://www.baidu.com");
                }
            </script>
            <button onclick="testDisposedCallback()">Test Disposed Callback</button>
            <br />
            <span id="disposedcbresult"></span>
        </p>

        <p>
            Result of calling bound.repeat("hi ", 5) =
            <script type="text/javascript">
                var result = bound.repeat("hi ", 5);
                document.write('"' + result + '"');
                if (result === "hi hi hi hi hi ")
                {
                    document.write(" SUCCESS");
                } else
                {
                    document.write(" FAIL!");
                }
            </script>
        </p>

        <p>
            委托c# 方法
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                function myFunction(functionParam)
                {
                    return functionParam();
                }
                document.write("委托輸出屬性結果: " + myFunction(bound.echoMyProperty));
            </script>
        </p>

        <p>
            Function returning complex type
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                document.write("bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty result: " + bound.getSubObject().simpleProperty);
            </script>
        </p>

        <p>
            Stress Test
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                var stressTestCallCount = 1000;
                for (var i = 1; i <= stressTestCallCount; i++)
                {
                    bound.repeat("hi ", 5);
                }

                document.write("Stress Test done with : " + stressTestCallCount + " call to bound.repeat(\"hi \", 5)");
            </script>
        </p>

        <p>
            JSON Serializer Test
            <br />
            <script type="text/javascript">
                var json = bound.returnJsonEmployeeList();
                var jsonObj = JSON.parse(json);

                document.write("Employee Count : " + jsonObj.employees.length + "<br/>");

                for (var i = 0; i < jsonObj.employees.length; i++)
                {
                    var employee = jsonObj.employees[i];
                    document.write("Employee : " + employee.firstName + " " + employee.lastName + "<br/>");
                }
            </script>
        </p>

        'bound的'所有方法:<br />
        <ul>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                for (var name in bound)
                {
                    if (bound[name].constructor.name != 'Function') continue;
                    document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
                }
            </script>
        </ul>

         'bound的'所有屬性:<br />
        <ul>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                for (var name in bound)
                {
                    if (bound[name].constructor.name === 'Function') continue;

                    document.write("<li>" + name + "</li>");
                    if (typeof bound[name] == "object" && bound[name] !== null)
                    {
                        //展示子對象屬性
                        for (var sub in bound[name])
                        {
                            var type = bound[name][sub].constructor.name === 'Function' ? "Function" : "Property";
                            document.write("<li>" + name + "." + sub + "(" + type + ")" + "</li>");
                        }
                    }
                }
            </script>
        </ul>
    </body>
</html>
View Code

WebGL的渲染效果

 WebGL是一種3D繪圖標准,這種繪圖技術標准允許把JavaScript和OpenGL ES 2.0結合在一起,通過增加OpenGL ES 2.0的一個JavaScript綁定,WebGL可以為HTML5 Canvas提供硬件3D加速渲染,這樣Web開發人員就可以借助系統顯卡來在瀏覽器里更流暢地展示3D場景和模型了,還能創建復雜的導航和數據視覺化。

 測試頁面:http://webglsamples.org/aquarium/aquarium.html

 這個效果還是不錯的。

 

小結:以上只是簡單的測試程序,CEFSharp對html5和JavaScript的支持確實不錯。后續有機會做更多分享。 

 


免責聲明!

本站轉載的文章為個人學習借鑒使用,本站對版權不負任何法律責任。如果侵犯了您的隱私權益,請聯系本站郵箱yoyou2525@163.com刪除。



 
粵ICP備18138465號   © 2018-2025 CODEPRJ.COM