描述
java 的 Spring是一個很火的框架,Spring boot 這個也不用說了，Docker 近年也很火熱, 本文就介紹下我在 Spring boot + Docker的集成一些經驗 ：） 其實官網已經有一個手冊介紹了 這里
可能會用到的東西
- JDK 1.8 或者更高
- Maven 3.0+ 或者是 Gradle 2.3+
- 一個IDE或者一個記事本
- 一個本地或者遠程的Docker服務
- 充滿好奇心的你
對沒錯,你至少需要一個Docker,可以安裝在本地也可以安裝在服務器上,具體安裝方式請移步 這里
整個Spring boot的項目
我這邊用的是IDEA 創建的
➜ sping-boot-docker tree
.
├── mvnw
├── mvnw.cmd
├── pom.xml
├── sping-boot-docker.iml
└── src
├── main
│ ├── java
│ │ └── org
│ │ └── beyondblog
│ │ ├── DemoApplication.java
│ │ ├── controller
│ │ │ └── HelloController.java
│ │ └── model
│ │ └── Hello.java
│ └── resources
│ ├── application-dev.yml
│ └── application.yml
└── test
└── java
└── org
└── beyondblog
└── DemoApplicationTests.java
12 directories, 10 files
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.beyondblog</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>demo</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.3.2.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-snapshots</id> <name>Spring Snapshots</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> <pluginRepositories> <pluginRepository> <id>spring-snapshots</id> <name>Spring Snapshots</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url> <snapshots> <enabled>true</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> <pluginRepository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </pluginRepository> </pluginRepositories> </project>
程序很簡單創建了一個Controller,然后映射了一個/hello的路由 運行之后如下
➜ target java -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
➜ sping-boot-docker http "http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello"
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Date: Sun, 20 Dec 2015 23:41:14 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
{
"code": 200,
"messge": "Hello spring! profile=production"
}
可以正常允許，然后配置下pom集成docker (也可以用Dockerfile)
<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>com.spotify</groupId> <artifactId>docker-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>0.3.8</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>deploy</phase> <goals> <goal>build</goal> <goal>tag</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> <configuration> <dockerHost>http://172.16.0.17:2375</dockerHost> <imageName>registry.****.com/demo:${project.artifactId}</imageName> <baseImage>docker.io/java:latest</baseImage> <registryUrl>https://registry.****.com</registryUrl> <env> <TZ>'Asia/Shanghai'</TZ> <LC_ALL>en_US.UTF-8</LC_ALL> </env> <resources> <resource> <targetPath>/</targetPath> <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory> <include>${project.build.finalName}.jar</include> </resource> <!--<resource>--> <!--<targetPath>/web</targetPath>--> <!--<directory>${project.build.directory}/web</directory>--> <!--</resource>--> </resources> <exposes> <expose>8080</expose> </exposes> <cmd>["java", "-jar", "/${project.build.finalName}.jar"]</cmd> <image>registry.****.com/demo:${project.artifactId}</image> <newName>registry.****.com/demo</newName> <forceTags>true</forceTags> <pushImage>false</pushImage> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
描述下這段的意思
這兒用到的是spotify公司（就是那個做音樂的）的 docker-maven-plugin 插件用的是目前最新的0.3.8 之前的幾個版本有一些目錄拷貝的bug。
configuration 節點
有個dockerHost 就是docker服務器的地址 (必選)
imageName 就是生成的鏡像名稱的東西
baseImage 就是容器基於那個鏡像跑 這兒用的是官方的 docker.io/java:latest（可以直接 docker pull 下來，也可以用自己做的。官方的是OpenJDK Java 7 JRE 可以去看它的項目主頁 這里 ） 就是一個JRE的環境
registryUrl 這個就是docker自建的私服地址 (可空) 這個填了之后可以觸發push 到倉庫的指令
env 不解釋 默認的時區啊 字符集啊別忘記了 (自制鏡像的可以忽略它)
resources 里面包含需要將那些東西包裝到鏡像里面去，注意我注釋的這段
<resource>
<targetPath>/web</targetPath>
<directory>${project.build.directory}/web</directory>
</resource>
這個是為了舉例如何包含整個目錄（通過看源代碼發現 不寫include就是copy整個目錄 目前插件的0.38版本是,之前的版本好像拷貝目錄下的所有文件囧。。。）
exposes 是暴露出容器的那個端口出來,這兒填的是8080 Spring boot 默認就這端口
cmd 是鏡像在run的時候默認執行的命令,這兒默認直接run （ps:這塊可以指定profile 做生產環境和開發環境的切換）
image 同imageName
newName 是Tag的時候生成的名字 （可選） 強烈推薦加這個 這樣默認會把新的容器的tag 設置成latest
forceTags 是否強制tag (強行喲)
pushImage 是否自動push到倉庫
基本上需要用的就這么多,當然還有一些其他的參數可以去它的項目主頁看
配置完了之后可以用 mvn的一些指令了 如下
docker:build 應該是編譯鏡像（強烈建議跟 mvn install 不然會有一個坑）
-DpushImage 加這個參數可以強制push鏡像到倉庫
DOCKER_HOST 加這個環境變量可以設置默認的docker主機地址 不過上面dockerHost已經填了
docker:removeImage 刪除鏡像吧
-DimageName=xxx 設置鏡像名稱
docker:tag 打tag
還有一些設置認證的介紹可以去看它的項目主頁或者讀源代碼
下面就執行下
mvn install docker:build docker:tag
可以看到類似下面的輸出
[INFO] Copying /Users/xxx/Documents/code/github/sping-boot-docker/target/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar -> /Users/xxx/Documents/code/github/sping-boot-docker/target/docker/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Building image registry.****.com/demo:demo
Step 0 : FROM docker.io/java:latest
---> e9de8c6faf15
Step 1 : ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8
---> Using cache
---> 8600ba9f5363
Step 2 : ENV TZ 'Asia/Shanghai'
---> Using cache
---> 9416efd6b55a
Step 3 : ADD /demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar //
---> 8cf7cbbd260e
Removing intermediate container 9a53dfb28f52
Step 4 : EXPOSE 8080
---> Running in 4f640acaf303
---> 3a4400f72be5
Removing intermediate container 4f640acaf303
Step 5 : CMD java -jar /demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
---> Running in e8ff98f7e9ce
---> 6834dbb25c33
Removing intermediate container e8ff98f7e9ce
Successfully built 6834dbb25c33
[INFO] Built registry.****.com/demo:demo
通過這個輸出可以知道這個插件的原理大致是 install成功jar之后根據pom文件的配置去生成一個dockerfile的文件然后把jar包和dockerfile打包調用docker的api去build去push
可以看到它生成的dockerfile來驗證
➜ sping-boot-docker cd target/docker
➜ docker ls
Dockerfile demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
➜ docker cat Dockerfile
FROM docker.io/java:latest
ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8
ENV TZ 'Asia/Shanghai'
ADD /demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar //
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["java", "-jar", "/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"]
➜ docker
這個時候去docker服務器上看看鏡像的情況
[root@172-16-0-17 cache]# docker images | grep "demo"
registry.****.com/demo demo 6834dbb25c33 5 minutes ago 655.3 MB
registry.****.com/demo latest 6834dbb25c33 5 minutes ago 655.3 MB
可以看到有兩個但是通過看它的 digest 其實是同一個鏡像不同的名字而已。 因為我們有docker:tag 這樣就會在生成一個latest
可以看到鏡像還挺大的這主要是那個java的基礎鏡像大（可以自制一個小的）不過docker每次都是有cache和增量更新所以速度還是很快的
然后驗證下能不能正常工作
docker run -p 6666:8080 registry.****.com/demo . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.2.BUILD-SNAPSHOT) 2015-12-21 08:30:05.303 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.beyondblog.DemoApplication : Starting DemoApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on a734ef04ef23 with PID 1 (/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by root in /) 2015-12-21 08:30:05.307 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.beyondblog.DemoApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 2015-12-21 08:30:05.463 INFO 1 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@429e6a3d: startup date [Mon Dec 21 08:30:05 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy 2015-12-21 08:30:06.471 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory : Overriding bean definition for bean 'beanNameViewResolver' with a different definition: replacing [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration$WhitelabelErrorViewConfiguration.class]] with [Root bean: class [null]; scope=; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=3; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter; factoryMethodName=beanNameViewResolver; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=(inferred); defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/web/WebMvcAutoConfiguration$WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.class]] 2015-12-21 08:30:07.725 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http) 2015-12-21 08:30:07.745 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat 2015-12-21 08:30:07.746 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.30 2015-12-21 08:30:07.834 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext 2015-12-21 08:30:07.835 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2386 ms 2015-12-21 08:30:08.106 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.e.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.110 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.110 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.110 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.111 INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.c.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.523 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@429e6a3d: startup date [Mon Dec 21 08:30:05 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy 2015-12-21 08:30:08.566 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/hello],methods=[GET]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.beyondblog.controller.HelloController.hello() 2015-12-21 08:30:08.568 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse) 2015-12-21 08:30:08.568 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest) 2015-12-21 08:30:08.587 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.587 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.613 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler] 2015-12-21 08:30:08.714 INFO 1 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup 2015-12-21 08:30:08.782 INFO 1 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) 2015-12-21 08:30:08.794 INFO 1 --- [ main] org.beyondblog.DemoApplication : Started DemoApplication in 5.045 seconds (JVM running for 7.068)
這個命令 有個 -p 是容器的端口和主機的端口映射 也就是通過6666訪問容器的8080端口 可以在加個-d 使它能在后台跑(不過哪有就看不到輸出)
先看看數據能不能出來
➜ docker http "http://172.16.0.17:6666/hello"
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2015 00:32:20 GMT
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
{
"code": 200,
"messge": "Hello spring! profile=production"
}
好了大致是ok。先這樣工頭喊我去搬磚了下次在介紹如果處理日志和k8s集群管理
參考文章: