1設定環境如下：
Primary數據庫
| IP | 172.17.22.16 |
| SID | orcl |
Standby數據庫
| IP | 172.17.22.17 |
| SID | orcl |
設置提示，以區分操作的位置
primary數據庫
set SQLPROMPT Primary>
standby數據庫
set SQLPROMPT StandBy>
1、Primary端設置 歸檔模式+強制日志
確保primary數據庫運行在歸檔模式
Primary>archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 5 Current log sequence 7 Primary>shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. Primary>startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes Fixed Size 2217832 bytes Variable Size 1795164312 bytes Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes Database mounted. Primary>alter database archivelog; Database altered. Primary>alter database open; Database altered. Primary>archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 5 Next log sequence to archive 7 Current log sequence 7 Primary>
開啟強制日志
Primary>select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO
Primary>alter database force logging;
Database altered.
2、standby端創建相關目錄
為了和Primary庫保存相同的結構，我們需要在Standby數據庫建立相同的目錄，首先查詢現有Primary數據庫的相關目錄
Primary>col name for a30 Primary>col value for a100 Primary>select name ,value from v$parameter where name in ('audit_file_dest','background_dump_dest','control_files','core_dump_dest','user_dump_dest') ORDER BY name ASC; NAME VALUE ------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------audit_file_dest /usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump background_dump_dest /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace control_files /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl, /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl core_dump_dest /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/cdump user_dump_dest /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace
在standby數據庫服務器創建相同的目錄
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/ [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace
3、創建輔助實例密鑰文件
方法一： 直接從Primary數據庫復制密鑰文件過來
[oracle@oracledb dbs]$ scp orapworcl 172.17.22.17:/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs oracle@172.17.22.17's password: orapworcl 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00 [oracle@oracledb dbs]$
方法二： orapwd生成
orapwd FILE=/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl password=wangshengzhuang entries=30;
4、生成standby端的pfile
在Primary端根據spfile生產pfile
Primary>create pfile from spfile;
File created.
修改Primary端的pfile內容如下
orcl.__db_cache_size=1476395008 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__oracle_base='/usr/oracle/app'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=1325400064 orcl.__sga_target=1979711488 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=436207616 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0' *.control_files='/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032 *.diagnostic_dest='/usr/oracle/app' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.memory_target=3299868672 *.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE' *.nls_territory='CHINA' *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_primary *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(db_primary,db_standby)' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=tns_standby ARCH VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standby' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=DEFER *.FAL_SERVER=tns_standby *.FAL_CLIENT=tns_primary *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
Primary端重新啟動
Primary>create spfile from pfile; File created. Primary>startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes Fixed Size 2217832 bytes Variable Size 1795164312 bytes Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. Primary>show parameter fal NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ fal_client string tns_primary fal_server string tns_standby
復制生成的initorcl.ora到standby的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目錄下，
[oracle@oracledb dbs]$ pwd /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs [oracle@oracledb dbs]$ scp initorcl.ora 172.17.22.17:/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs The authenticity of host '172.17.22.17 (172.17.22.17)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 72:28:f5:f9:9c:f8:49:23:48:6d:9d:d4:0e:0c:89:71. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '172.17.22.17' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@172.17.22.17's password: initorcl.ora 100% 1291 1.3KB/s 00:00 [oracle@oracledb dbs]$
修改standbyd端的initorcl.ora文件，內容如下
orcl.__db_cache_size=1476395008 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__oracle_base='/usr/oracle/app'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=1325400064 orcl.__sga_target=1979711488 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=436207616 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0' *.control_files='/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032 *.diagnostic_dest='/usr/oracle/app' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.memory_target=3299868672 *.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE' *.nls_territory='CHINA' *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standby *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(db_primary,db_standby)' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=tns_primary ARCH VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_primary' *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE *.FAL_SERVER=tns_primary *.FAL_CLIENT=tns_standby *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
通過復制的pfile創建Standby數據庫的spfile
StandBy> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
啟動到nomount環境
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes
Fixed Size 2217832 bytes
Variable Size 1795164312 bytes
Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes
Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes
5、配置監聽服務
Primary端監聽
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.16)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /usr/oracle/app
StandBy端監聽（配置了靜態監聽 服務名GLOBAL_DBNAME = StandBy）
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = StandBy) (ORACLE_HOME =/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.17)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /usr/oracle/app
啟動standby端監聽
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-DEC-2015 15:48:15 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /usr/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.17.22.17)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 23-DEC-2015 15:48:16 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /usr/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.17.22.17)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "StandBy" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
6、配置網絡服務名，並測試互通性
Primary端和StandBy端都要進行如下配置：
tns_primary = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = db_primary) ) ) tns_standby = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.17)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =StandBy ) ) )
***********************************************************************************************
SERVICE_NAME 的值參考lsnrctl的輸出，確保用sqlplus工具或者navicact工具能夠連接SERVICE_NAME
因為fal_server 會使用服務名，如果配置不正確，這歸檔日志無法正常發送
***********************************************************************************************
在primary端和standby端都進行測試（為了角色切換）
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ tnsping tns_primary TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-DEC-2015 15:48:44 Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl))) OK (0 msec) [oracle@oracledb admin]$ tnsping tns_standby TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-DEC-2015 15:48:49 Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.17)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl))) OK (0 msec)
7、duplicate standby
rman連接兩個數據庫
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ rman target sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_primary auxiliary sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_standby Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 23 16:11:51 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1426832466) connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
開始復制
RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK; Starting Duplicate Db at 23-DEC-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 12/23/2015 16:13:38 RMAN-05541: no archived logs found in target database
primary端切換下日志，重寫執行rman duplicate即可
SYS@orcl>alter system switch logfile; System altered. SYS@orcl>quit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@oracledb admin]$ rman target sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_primary auxiliary sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_standby Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 23 16:14:59 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1426832466) connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted) RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK; Starting Duplicate Db at 23-DEC-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy reuse targetfile '/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl' auxiliary format '/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl' ; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 23-DEC-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=39 device type=DISK Finished backup at 23-DEC-15 contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format '/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'; restore clone controlfile to '/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' from '/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 23-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy copying standby control file output file name=/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f tag=TAG20151223T161504 RECID=1 STAMP=899223305 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 23-DEC-15 Starting restore at 23-DEC-15 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: copied control file copy Finished restore at 23-DEC-15 contents of Memory Script: { sql clone 'alter database mount standby database'; } executing Memory Script sql statement: alter database mount standby database contents of Memory Script: { set newname for tempfile 1 to "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf"; switch clone tempfile all; set newname for datafile 1 to "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 2 to "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 3 to "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf"; set newname for datafile 4 to "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf"; backup as copy reuse datafile 1 auxiliary format "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf" datafile 2 auxiliary format "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf" datafile 3 auxiliary format "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf" datafile 4 auxiliary format "/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf" ; sql 'alter system archive log current'; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed tempfile 1 to /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf in control file executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME executing command: SET NEWNAME Starting backup at 23-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00001 name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf output file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf tag=TAG20151223T161512 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00002 name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf output file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf tag=TAG20151223T161512 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00003 name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf output file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf tag=TAG20151223T161512 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00004 name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf output file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf tag=TAG20151223T161512 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 23-DEC-15 sql statement: alter system archive log current contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy reuse archivelog like "/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_c7np1mbd_.arc" auxiliary format "/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_%u_.arc" ; catalog clone recovery area; switch clone datafile all; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 23-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=2 STAMP=899223347 output file name=/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_06qpi3pj_.arc RECID=0 STAMP=0 channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 23-DEC-15 searching for all files in the recovery area List of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_06qpi3pj_.arc cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_06qpi3pj_.arc datafile 1 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=899223348 file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf datafile 2 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=899223348 file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf datafile 3 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=899223348 file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=899223348 file name=/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf contents of Memory Script: { set until scn 1028421; recover standby clone database delete archivelog ; } executing Memory Script executing command: SET until clause Starting recover at 23-DEC-15 using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1 starting media recovery archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 is already on disk as file /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_06qpi3pj_.arc archived log file name=/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/archivelog/2015_12_23/o1_mf_1_8_06qpi3pj_.arc thread=1 sequence=8 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00 Finished recover at 23-DEC-15 Finished Duplicate Db at 23-DEC-15 RMAN>
8、啟用日志傳送
Primary>show parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2 NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ log_archive_dest_state_2 string DEFER log_archive_dest_state_20 string enable log_archive_dest_state_21 string enable log_archive_dest_state_22 string enable log_archive_dest_state_23 string enable log_archive_dest_state_24 string enable log_archive_dest_state_25 string enable log_archive_dest_state_26 string enable log_archive_dest_state_27 string enable log_archive_dest_state_28 string enable log_archive_dest_state_29 string enable Primary>alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE; System altered.
8、驗證結果
查詢primary數據庫角色
Primary>select database_role from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE -------------------------------- PRIMARY
查詢standby數據庫角色
StandBy>select database_role from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE -------------------------------- PHYSICAL STANDBY StandBy>
primary端插入一條數據
Primary> INSERT INTO "SCOTT"."DEPT" ("DEPTNO", "DNAME", "LOC") VALUES ('12', 'OPERATIONS', 'OPERATIONS'); 1 row created. Primary>commit; Commit complete. Primary>alter system switch logfile; System altered.
standby端：啟動redo應用、暫停redo應用 打開數據庫，查詢數據是否被同步過來了
StandBy>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; Database altered. StandBy>alter database recover managed standby database cancel; Database altered. StandBy>alter database open; Database altered. StandBy>select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE ---------------------------------------- READ ONLY StandBy>
見證奇跡的時刻：
StandBy>select * from scott.dept; DEPTNO DNAME LOC ---------- ---------------------------- -------------------------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 30 SALES CHICAGO 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON 12 OPERATIONS OPERATIONS
9、啟用實時應用redo
添加redo log
首先查詢當前redo log的大小、位置
Primary>col group# for 9 Primary>col status for a10 Primary>col type for a10 Primary>col member for a50; Primary>col is_rec for a10 Primary>select * from v$logfile; GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_REC ------ ---------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------ 3 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo03.log NO 2 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo02.log NO 1 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo01.log NO Primary>select * from v$log; GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARCHIV STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME ------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------ ---------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 1 10 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 1029234 23-DEC-15 2.8147E+14 2 1 8 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 1028340 23-DEC-15 1028421 23-DEC-15 3 1 9 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 1028421 23-DEC-15 1029234 23-DEC-15
當前有三組、每組1個member、大小為50M, 我們增加四組，每組1個member，大小為50M
Primary>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog4a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered. Primary>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog5a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered. Primary>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog6a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered. Primary>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog7a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered.
查看結果：
Primary>select * from v$logfile; GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_REC ------ ---------- ---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------ 3 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo03.log NO 2 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo02.log NO 1 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/redo01.log NO 4 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog4a.log NO 5 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog5a.log NO 6 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog6a.log NO 7 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog7a.log NO 7 rows selected.
同理在standby端做相同的操作
StandBy>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 4('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog4a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered. StandBy>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 5('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog5a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered. StandBy>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 6('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog6a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered. StandBy>ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE GROUP 7('/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog7a.log') SIZE 50 M; Database altered.
StandBy>select * from v$logfile; GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_REC ------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ 3 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_c7np1p97_.log YES 2 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_c7np1osm_.log YES 1 ONLINE /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/DB_STANDBY/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_c7np1od8_.log YES 4 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog4a.log NO 5 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog5a.log NO 6 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog6a.log NO 7 STANDBY /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/stbyredolog7a.log NO
更改primary和standby端的log_archive_dest_2、
Primary>show parameter log_archive_dest_2 NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------ log_archive_dest_2 string SERVICE=tns_standby ARCH VALID _FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standb y log_archive_dest_20 string log_archive_dest_21 string log_archive_dest_22 string log_archive_dest_23 string log_archive_dest_24 string log_archive_dest_25 string log_archive_dest_26 string log_archive_dest_27 string log_archive_dest_28 string log_archive_dest_29 string Primary>alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=tns_standby LGWR VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standby'; System altered. Primary>show parameter log_archive_dest_2 NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------ log_archive_dest_2 string SERVICE=tns_standby LGWR VALID _FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standb y log_archive_dest_20 string log_archive_dest_21 string log_archive_dest_22 string log_archive_dest_23 string log_archive_dest_24 string log_archive_dest_25 string log_archive_dest_26 string log_archive_dest_27 string log_archive_dest_28 string log_archive_dest_29 string Primary>
更改standby端的log_archive_dest_2
StandBy>alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=tns_primary LGWR VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_primary';
啟用實時StandBy端redo應用
StandBy>alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
驗證：
首先在Primay端插入一條數據：
Primary>select * from scott.dept; DEPTNO DNAME LOC ---------- ---------------------------- -------------------------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 30 SALES CHICAGO 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON 12 OPERATIONS OPERATIONS Primary>INSERT INTO "SCOTT"."DEPT" ("DEPTNO", "DNAME", "LOC") VALUES ('13', 'OPERATIONS', 'OPERATIONS'); 1 row created. Primary>commit; Commit complete.
standby端查看
StandBy>select * from scott.dept; DEPTNO DNAME LOC ---------- ---------------------------- -------------------------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 30 SALES CHICAGO 40 OPERATIONS BOSTON 12 OPERATIONS OPERATIONS 13 OPERATIONS OPERATIONS 6 rows selected.
10、switchover
備庫暫停 redo應用
StandBy>alter database recover managed standby database cancel; Database altered.
查詢主庫是否支持switchover操作
Primary> select switchover_status from v$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS ---------------------------------------- TO STANDBY
查詢備庫是否支持switchover操作
StandBy> select switchover_status from v$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS ---------------------------------------- NOT ALLOWED
not allowed是因為主庫還未變切換為standby
switchover，primary切換為物理standby，切換后查看數據庫角色、打開模式、
Primary>alter database commit to switchover to physical standby; Database altered. Primary>shutdown immediate; ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. Primary>startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes Fixed Size 2217832 bytes Variable Size 1795164312 bytes Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. Primary>select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE ---------------------------------------- READ ONLY Primary>select database_role from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE -------------------------------- PHYSICAL STANDBY Primary>
物理standby切換為primary
StandBy>select switchover_status from v$database; SWITCHOVER_STATUS ---------------------------------------- TO PRIMARY StandBy> alter database commit to switchover to primary; Database altered. StandBy>alter database open; Database altered. StandBy>select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE ---------------------------------------- READ WRITE StandBy>select database_role from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE -------------------------------- PRIMARY StandBy>
測試同上（略）
常用查詢
1、查詢進程的活動狀態
select process,client_process,sequence#,status from v$managed_standby;
2、查詢redo應用進度
select dest_name,archived_thread#,archived_seq#,applied_thread#,applied_seq#,db_unique_name from v$archive_dest_status where status ='VALID';
3、查詢歸檔文件路徑及創建信息
select name,creator,sequence#,applied,completion_time from v$archived_log;
4、查詢歸檔歷史
select first_time,first_change#,next_change#,sequence# from v$log_history; select thread#,sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
5、參看數據庫的基本信息
select database_role,db_unique_name,open_mode,protection_mode,protection_level,switchover_status from v$database;
6、查詢redo應用及redo傳輸服務的活動狀態
select database_role,db_unique_name,open_mode,protection_mode,protection_level,switchover_status from v$database;
7、檢查應用模式
StandBy>select recovery_mode from v$archive_dest_status where dest_id=2; RECOVERY_MODE ---------------------------------------------- IDLE
取值
idle
managed：
managed real_time_apply：