對於經常使用第三方框架進行web開發的程序員來說,Java線程池理所應當是非常智能的,線程的生命周期應該完全由Java本身控制,我們要做的就是添加任務和執行任務。但是,最近做文檔批量上傳同步時發現線程池中的所有任務執行完畢后,線程並沒有停止,然后做了一個測試,發現確實如此:
問題及現象:
public
static
void
method1() {
BlockingQueue queue =
new
LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor =
new
ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 10, TimeUnit.
SECONDS
, queue);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute(
new
Runnable() {
public
void
run() {
try
{
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode()/1000);
for
(
int
j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode() +
":"
+ j);
Thread.sleep(
this
.hashCode()%2);
}
}
catch
(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.
out
.println(String. format(
"thread %d finished"
,
this
.hashCode()));
}
});
}
}
|
debug模式下,任務執行完后,顯示的效果如下:
![]()
也就是說,任務已經執行完畢了,但是線程池中的線程並沒有被回收。但是我在
ThreadPoolExecutor的參數里面設置了超時時間的,好像沒起作用,原因如下:
工作線程回收需要滿足三個條件:
1) 參數allowCoreThreadTimeOut為true 2) 該線程在keepAliveTime時間內獲取不到任務,即空閑這么長時間
3) 當前線程池大小 > 核心線程池大小corePoolSize。
|
解決一:
public
static
void
method1() {
BlockingQueue queue =
new
LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor =
new
ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 1, TimeUnit.
SECONDS
, queue);
executor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(
true);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute(
new
Runnable() {
public
void
run() {
try
{
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode()/1000);
for
(
int
j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode() +
":"
+ j);
Thread. sleep(
this
.hashCode()%2);
}
}
catch
(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.
out
.println(String. format(
"thread %d finished"
,
this
.hashCode()));
}
});
}
}
|
需要注意的是,allowCoreThreadTimeOut 的設置需要在任務執行之前,一般在new一個線程池后設置;在allowCoreThreadTimeOut設置為true時,ThreadPoolExecutor的keepAliveTime參數必須大於0。 |
解決二:
public
static
void
method1() {
BlockingQueue queue =
new
LinkedBlockingQueue();
ThreadPoolExecutor executor =
new
ThreadPoolExecutor(3, 6, 1, TimeUnit.
SECONDS
, queue);
for
(
int
i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
executor.execute(
new
Runnable() {
public
void
run() {
try
{
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode()/1000);
for
(
int
j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
System.
out
.println(
this
.hashCode() +
":"
+ j);
Thread. sleep(
this
.hashCode()%2);
}
}
catch
(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.
out
.println(String. format(
"thread %d finished"
,
this
.hashCode()));
}
});
}
executor.shutdown();
}
|
在任務執行完后,調用shutdown方法,將線程池中的空閑線程回收。該方法會使得keepAliveTime參數失效。 |