[Android] 解析android framework下利用app_process來調用java寫的命令及示例


reference to : http://bbs.9ria.com/thread-253058-1-1.html

在android SDK的framework/base/cmds目錄下了,有不少目錄,這些目的最終都是build出一個bin文件,再存放到/system/bin目 錄下,對於C/CPP寫的命令,我們還是比較好理解的,都有一個main函數作為入口,但是在cmds目錄下還有一些原生代碼是java的,比如 input、settings,那么這種類型的命令是怎么實現的呢?
  筆者研習了原生的命令實現,寫了一個demo,拋磚引玉吧!暫時叫strong吧!我們都知道java寫的文件最后都是編譯成了class文 件,java類里面也有很多接口,在android平台上cmds目錄下的各模塊的java文件都實現了一個共同的方法,還是叫main(),真是情有獨 鍾啊!當然從技術角度看叫其他名字也是可以的。那我們就簡單實現以下這個class吧!如下:
  java代碼

public final class strongcmd {
    static final String TAG = "strong";
    static String[] mArgs;
    int mNextArg;
        
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        printUsage();
        System.err.println("Wellcom strong test function!!");
        try {
            new strongcmd().run();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("Unable to run settings command");
        }
    }

    public void run() {
        try {
            System.err.println("Now strong run() again");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println("Now strong run() Exception");
        }
    }

    private static void printUsage() {
        System.err.println("usage: strong -a -b -h");
        System.err.println("'a' is for add");
        System.err.println("-h for help");
    }
}

寫好Android.mk,編譯好這個文件,會生成strong.jar包,包含這個class。那么,又怎么跟命令掛鈎呢?先看看Android.mk,如下:

    LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
  include $(CLEAR_VARS)
  LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)
  LOCAL_MODULE := strong
  LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
  include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY)
  include $(CLEAR_VARS)
  LOCAL_MODULE := strong
  LOCAL_SRC_FILES := pre_strong
  LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := EXECUTABLES
  LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
  include $(BUILD_PREBUILT) 

上一部分是BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY,關鍵在下面,利用的是BUILD_PREBUILT,添加一個預編譯好的應用程序,我們叫pre_strong,它有可執行的權限,看看它的具體實現吧!

base=/system
export CLASSPATH=$base/framework/strong.jar
exec app_process $base/bin com.android.commands.strong.strongcmd "$@"

首先還是設置好這個java lib的路徑,如何再調用app_process來執行,主要是把這個類名要給對,app_process其實也是個命令。在app_process里 面,還是一樣利用JNI技術,在java ENV里面查找傳給app_process的class,找到這個class后再去找main函數接口的field,然后再call這個main接口,這 樣就call到java里面去了。
  下面簡要看看app_process的關鍵代碼吧!

virtual void onVmCreated(JNIEnv*env) {
        if (mClassName == NULL) {
            return; // Zygote. Nothing to do here.
        }
        /*
    * This is a little awkward because the JNI FindClass call uses the
    * class loader associated with the native method we're executing in.
    * If called in onStarted (from RuntimeInit.finishInit because we're
    * launching "am", for example), FindClass would see that we're calling
    * from a boot class' native method, and so wouldn't look for the class
    * we're trying to look up in CLASSPATH. Unfortunately it needs to,
    * because the "am" classes are not boot classes.
    *
    * The easiest fix is to call FindClass here, early on before we start
    * executing boot class Java code and thereby deny ourselves access to
    * non-boot classes.
    */
        char*slashClassName = toSlashClassName(mClassName);
        mClass = env -> FindClass(slashClassName);
        if (mClass == NULL) {
            ALOGE("ERROR: could not find class '%s'\n", mClassName);
        }
        free(slashClassName);
        mClass = reinterpret_cast(env -> NewGlobalRef(mClass));
    }

    virtual void onStarted() {
        sp proc = ProcessState::self ();
        ALOGV("App process: starting thread pool.\n");
        proc -> startThreadPool();
        AndroidRuntime * ar = AndroidRuntime::getRuntime ();
        ar -> callMain(mClassName, mClass, mArgC, mArgV);
        IPCThreadState::self () -> stopProcess();
    }

    className) {
        // Remainder of args get passed to startup class main()
        runtime.mClassName = className;
        runtime.mArgC = argc - i;
        runtime.mArgV = argv + i;
        runtime.start("com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit",
                application ? "application" : "tool");
    }

Android平台提供的app_process,還是相當不錯的,比較實用,利用好app_process還是可以寫成很多供我們自己開發、測試、定制一些特殊的程序,給開發帶來了很大的便利。


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