頁面初始化中,用的較多的就是$(document).ready(function(){//代碼}); 或 $(window).load(function(){//代碼});
他們的區別就是,ready是在DOM的結構加載完后就觸發,load是在頁面內包括DOM結構,css,js,圖片等都加載完成后再觸發,顯然ready更適合作為頁面初始化使用。但有時候也不盡然。需要進一步查看其內部機制。
那么ready的內部是如何判斷DOM的結構加載完的?並且不同的瀏覽器的判斷是如何的?
答案就在jquery代碼內,假設jquery的版本是jquery-1.11.3.js。
ready的關鍵代碼(3507~3566行),關鍵代碼用紅色標出:
jQuery.ready.promise = function( obj ) { if ( !readyList ) { readyList = jQuery.Deferred(); // Catch cases where $(document).ready() is called after the browser event has already occurred. // we once tried to use readyState "interactive" here, but it caused issues like the one // discovered by ChrisS here: http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/12282#comment:15 if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) { // Handle it asynchronously to allow scripts the opportunity to delay ready setTimeout( jQuery.ready ); // Standards-based browsers support DOMContentLoaded } else if ( document.addEventListener ) { // Use the handy event callback document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", completed, false ); // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work window.addEventListener( "load", completed, false ); // If IE event model is used } else { // Ensure firing before onload, maybe late but safe also for iframes document.attachEvent( "onreadystatechange", completed ); // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work window.attachEvent( "onload", completed ); // If IE and not a frame // continually check to see if the document is ready var top = false; try { top = window.frameElement == null && document.documentElement; } catch(e) {} if ( top && top.doScroll ) { (function doScrollCheck() { if ( !jQuery.isReady ) { try { // Use the trick by Diego Perini // http://javascript.nwbox.com/IEContentLoaded/ top.doScroll("left"); } catch(e) { return setTimeout( doScrollCheck, 50 ); } // detach all dom ready events detach(); // and execute any waiting functions jQuery.ready(); } })(); } } } return readyList.promise( obj ); };
上面的代碼在觸發ready時可以分成兩部分
1.標准瀏覽器下的觸發
當瀏覽器是基於標准瀏覽器時,會在加載完DOM結構后觸發“DOMContentLoaded”事件,jquery內部就用此事件作為ready的觸發源。
document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", completed, false );
2.IE瀏覽器下的觸發
當瀏覽器是IE瀏覽器時,因為IE瀏覽器(蛋疼並強大着)不支持“DOMContentLoaded”事件,所以只能另謀它法,
(function doScrollCheck() { if ( !jQuery.isReady ) { try { // Use the trick by Diego Perini // http://javascript.nwbox.com/IEContentLoaded/ top.doScroll("left"); } catch(e) { return setTimeout( doScrollCheck, 50 ); } // detach all dom ready events detach(); // and execute any waiting functions jQuery.ready(); } })();
IE下的做法 就是上面代碼的紅字處,用“document.documentElement.doScroll("left")”的方法去滾動頁面,如果沒加載完就等個50毫秒后繼續滾,直到滾的動后就觸發ready。
但是,如果頁面中有frame的場合,會使用window.onload事件作為ready的觸發源。
所以在IE下,頁面中有frame時,ready也是等到頁面內的所有內容加載完成后再觸發。