本來想聊一下面試過程的,1個星期面了6家,4家當場給offer,2家技術通過(1家沒下文,1家復試).從中也學習到一些東西,先還是繼續Coding吧.
官網:http://autofac.org/
下載:Install-Package Autofac -Version 3.5.2
Autofac是輕量級的開源IOC容器,傳說是速度最快的一個,同類的框架還有用過Castle Windsor、StructureMap、Unity、Spring.Net等.
本節目錄
1.建立項目
CA:一個控制台項目,引用Nuget Autofac包.
2.建立一個依賴外部的類
public class Test
{
public Test(string str)
{
Console.WriteLine("hello " + str);
}
}
3.根據參數名直接注入
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//創建容器工廠
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
//注冊Test類型到工廠中
builder.RegisterType<Test>();
//通過工廠創建容器
using (var container = builder.Build())
{
//解析Test並返回Test實例
container.Resolve<Test>(new NamedParameter("str", "world"));
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
過程:首先需要創建容器工廠,然后將各種類型注冊到工廠中,再創建容器,通過容器實例化對象.
添加1個構造函數
public Test(ISay say)
{
Console.WriteLine("say:" + say.Get());
}
接口及其實現
public class Say : ISay
{
public string Get()
{
return "hello world";
}
}
public interface ISay
{
string Get();
}
注入實現(Autofac會自動裝配)
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterType<Test>();
builder.RegisterType<Say>().As<ISay>();
using (var container = builder.Build())
{
container.Resolve<Test>();
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
略作修改
public Test(Say say)//將接口改為指定具體實現類
{
Console.WriteLine("say:" + say.Get());
}
此時運行代碼會報錯,因為在容器中我們只注冊了ISay接口.改為As<Say>或以下方式
builder.RegisterType<Say>().As<ISay>().AsSelf();
對象生命周期
注冊到工廠的類型默認都調用InstancePerDependency方法.實現每個依賴都創建1個新實例
單例模式:
builder.RegisterType<Test>().SingleInstance();
需要引用Nuget Autofac.Configuration包
注冊類型代碼
builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac"));
App.config
<configSections>
<section name="autofac" type="Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler, Autofac.Configuration" />
</configSections>
<autofac defaultAssembly="CA">
<components>
<component type="CA.Say, CA" service="CA.ISay" />
<component type="CA.Say, CA" service="CA.Say" />
</components>
</autofac>
service相當於As<T>中的T
1.Install-Package Autofac.Mvc5
2.Application_Start事件添加此方法
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
#region 1.MVC Autofac注入
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
//類名.EndsWith("Controller")
builder.RegisterControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
//這樣既支持接口 又支持自己的類型
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly())
.AsImplementedInterfaces().AsSelf();
//容器
var container = builder.Build();
//注入改為Autofac注入
DependencyResolver.SetResolver(new AutofacDependencyResolver(container));
#endregion
#region 2.注冊MVC路由
var routes = RouteTable.Routes;
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Default",
url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);
#endregion
}
3.帶參數的控制器構造函數
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public HomeController(Say say)
{
}
public string Index()
{
return "Hello World";
}
}
public class Say
{
public string Get()
{
return "Hello World";
}
}
4.瀏覽器訪問~/
1.Install-Package Autofac.WebApi
2.由於WebAPI需要,引用系統自帶Web.Http和Web.Http.WebHost
3.Application_Start添加此方法
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var configuration = GlobalConfiguration.Configuration;
#region Autofac WebAPI注入
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterApiControllers(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).AsImplementedInterfaces().AsSelf();
var container = builder.Build();
configuration.DependencyResolver = new AutofacWebApiDependencyResolver(container);
#endregion
#region 注冊Web API路由
configuration.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional });
#endregion
}
4.帶參數的控制器構造函數
public class ValuesController : ApiController
{
public ValuesController(Say say)
{
}
public string Get()
{
return "Hello World";
}
}
public class Say
{
public string Get()
{
return "Hello World";
}
}
5.瀏覽器訪問~/api/values
1.Install-Package Autofac.Wcf
2.Application_Start添加此方法
protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
#region WCF Autofac注入
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).AsImplementedInterfaces().AsSelf();
var container = builder.Build();
//WCF IOC容器
AutofacHostFactory.Container = container;
#endregion
}
3.新建svc服務
public class TestService : ITestService
{
public TestService(Say say)
{
}
public string DoWork()
{
return "Hello World";
}
}
public class Say
{
public string Get()
{
return "Hello World";
}
}
[ServiceContract]
public interface ITestService
{
[OperationContract]
string DoWork();
}
4.svc指令中加一句:
Factory="Autofac.Integration.Wcf.AutofacServiceHostFactory, Autofac.Integration.Wcf"
5.wcftestclient
慚愧,好久沒發博客了