1、Servlet過濾器的作用描述
(1)在HttpServletRequest到達Servlet 之前,攔截客戶的HttpServletRequest。
根據需要檢查HttpServletRequest,也可以修改HttpServletRequest頭和數據。
(2)在HttpServletResponse 到達客戶端之前,攔截HttpServletResponse。
根據需要檢查HttpServletResponse,可以修改HttpServletResponse頭和數據。
2、應用Servlet過濾器進行身份驗證
假設網站根目錄下的login1.htm、longin1.jsp用於用戶登錄,而chap08目錄下的文件需要用戶登錄后才能訪問。
(1)編寫Servlet過濾器
@WebFilter("/FilterStation")
public class FilterStation extends HttpServlet implements Filter {
private FilterConfig filterConfig;
public FilterStation() {
super();
}
public void destroy() {
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpSession session=((HttpServletRequest)request).getSession();
response.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");
if(session.getAttribute("me")==null){
PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
out.print("<script>alert('請登錄!');location.href='../login1.htm'</script>");
}
else{
// pass the request along the filter chain
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.filterConfig=fConfig;
}
}
(2)配置web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>filterstation</filter-name>
<filter-class>zhou.FilterStation</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>filterstation</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/chap08/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
(3)login1.htm代碼
<html>
<head>
<title>用戶登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="POST" action="login1.jsp">
<p>用戶名:<input type="text" name="user" size="18"></p>
<p>密碼:<input type="text" name="pass" size="20"></p>
<p><input type="submit" value="提交" name="ok">
<input type="reset" value="重置" name="cancel"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
(4)login1.jsp代碼
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" %>
<html>
<head><title>Session 應用演示</title></head>
<%
if (request.getParameter("user")!=null && request.getParameter("pass")!=null)
{
String strName=request.getParameter("user");
String strPass=request.getParameter("pass");
if (strName.equals("admin") && strPass.equals("admin"))
{
session.setAttribute("login","OK");
session.setAttribute("me",strName);
response.sendRedirect("chap08/welcome.jsp");
}
else
{
out.print("<script>alert('用戶名或密碼錯誤');location.href='login1.htm'</script>");
}
}
%>
</html>
注意:從Servlet3.0開始,配置Servlet除了通過在web.xml文件中進行配置,還可以通過使用@WebServlet注解進行配置。同樣的,配置Filter也可以通過@WebFilter注解方式進行。
@WebFilter(filterName="/FilterStation",urlPatterns={"/welcome.jsp","/a.jsp"})
public class FilterStation implements Filter {
----
}