首先,要會生成RSA密碼對。
https://app.alipay.com/market/document.htm?name=saomazhifu#page-23 (事例中的密鑰對好像有問題,最好用自己生成的。)
雖然說公鑰和私鑰都可以進行加密和解密,如果你是用公鑰加密,就需要用私鑰解密,如果你用的是私鑰加密,就需要用公鑰解密。
實際應用中,一般是自己保管私鑰,別人都用公鑰。所以,多數情況是公鑰加密,私鑰解密。
import javax.crypto.Cipher; import sun.security.rsa.RSAPublicKeyImpl; import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.Base64; public class Main { public static String encrypt(String data, String publicKey){ try{ byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(publicKey); RSAPublicKeyImpl key = new RSAPublicKeyImpl(keyBytes); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key); byte[] encryptdata = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes()); return Base64.encode(encryptdata); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static void main(String[] args) { String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDO2DT8szWj8TpQfwiaflBhZ6cBRRFm/vhkYm6mSpk5kMSU3RNvjQx+I0xoTz+r4y9JUMsbHYy9Undwq94Z9lgYHlJQMVDb4kkiyaAn1Veu9fiQ3wPwgwQC84V0ymuPnfhBt8KcaNtS0CAEtHvFwnBwx2vlMoaG+uGdxrJ3Pho4PwIDAQAB"; System.out.println(encrypt("abc", publicKey)); //其實這里隱藏了一個bug,加密出來的東西為了好看,它自動加了\n這樣的換行字符, //有些boss如果沒有把回車或是空白字符過濾掉的話,就會出錯。所以建議用 replayce一下。 System.out.println(encrypt("abc", publicKey).replace("\n", "")); //細心的人就會發現,用同一個公鑰,加密同一個字符串的加密密文是不同的,說明這種加密算法比較強大,它會在里面自動的padding一些隨機信息。也就更安全。 //當然了,用密鑰解出來就是一樣的了。 } }
我用的類基本上jdk都已集成,不用引用第三方包什么的,還是蠻方便的。
有時候會提示找不到RSAPublicKeyImpl類,這是jdk沒設置好的原因,右擊項目,選中properties,找到Java Build Path,然后在Libraries中
雙擊JRE System Library 然后選中Alternate JRE:定位到你安裝jdk的地方就ok了。
import java.security.Key; import java.security.KeyFactory; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec; import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.Base64; public class Main2 { public static String decrypt(String data, String privateKey){ try{ byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(privateKey); PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA"); Key privateKey2 = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey2); byte[] encryptdata = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decode(data)); return new String(encryptdata); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static void main(String[] args) { String data = "EEzWXpVZ6FPJOzQASGDfZuCg7nLsyT2fwF85qwD5OXoCwtxCPkej+PkRDOispR0m327cEc7clm6Wqg4bXMxfehc7bkILtSsTIeNkAQMzoB7/xpMeGi6oQFQJJ1PvLqMTb4s+lhKvoBhER8XM/PXIGanL+trDeLcPG7NR72qu4TI="; String privateKey = "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"; System.out.println(decrypt(data, privateKey)); } }
簽名與驗證
import java.security.KeyFactory; import java.security.PrivateKey; import java.security.PublicKey; import java.security.Signature; import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec; import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec; import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.Base64; public class Main3 { public static String sign(String data, String privateKey){ try{ byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(privateKey); PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA"); PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec); Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("MD5withRSA"); signature.initSign(privateK); signature.update(data.getBytes()); return Base64.encode(signature.sign()); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static boolean verify(String data, String publicKey, String sign){ try{ byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decode(publicKey); X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes); KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA"); PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec); Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("MD5withRSA"); signature.initVerify(publicK); signature.update(data.getBytes()); return signature.verify(Base64.decode(sign)); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } return false; } public static void main(String[] args) { String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDO2DT8szWj8TpQfwiaflBhZ6cBRRFm/vhkYm6mSpk5kMSU3RNvjQx+I0xoTz+r4y9JUMsbHYy9Undwq94Z9lgYHlJQMVDb4kkiyaAn1Veu9fiQ3wPwgwQC84V0ymuPnfhBt8KcaNtS0CAEtHvFwnBwx2vlMoaG+uGdxrJ3Pho4PwIDAQAB"; String privateKey = "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"; String sign = sign("abc", privateKey); System.out.println(verify("abc", publicKey , sign)); } }
最近補充一下js版的RSA加解密和簽名:加密解最好用的是jsencrypt.js ,簽名最好用的是jsrsasign.js 。曾經我也用痛苦地用過RSA.js ,但是它很難用,首先是它的參數對我是一種考驗,一開始都不知道那些參數怎么填,才來才慢慢明白,還有就是RSA.js加密是沒有padding的,它每次加密出來的東西只要公鑰和數據一樣,加密出來就是一樣的密文,這個還必須得用 bcprov-jdk15-143.jar
Security.addProvider(new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider()); final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/None/NoPadding", "BC");
這個來解,但是一般的boss系統都不這么干,所以RSA.js並不好用,果斷放棄吧。
代碼如下:
function encrypt(data){ //加密 var _encrypt = new JSEncrypt(); _encrypt.setPublicKey(boss_public_key); var encrypted = _encrypt.encrypt(data); return encrypted; } function decrypt(data){ var _decrypt = new JSEncrypt(); _decrypt.setPrivateKey(Merchant_private_key); var uncrypted = _decrypt.decrypt(data); return uncrypted; } function sign(data){ //簽名 var rsa = KEYUTIL.getRSAKeyFromPlainPKCS8PEM("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----" + Merchant_private_key + "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----"); var result = rsa.signString(data, "md5"); return base64_encode(code_conversion(result)); }
這里是用到的幾個js http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mg5ub3M