轉載:http://my.oschina.net/shelllife/blog/167914
gdbserver工具
先確定默認crosstool交叉編譯器是否有自帶gdbserver,如果有就不需要自行編譯。一般都會帶有對應的gdbserver工具,可以通過find命令查找確定:
hong@ubuntu:~/work/system$ which arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc
/opt/arm-2009q3/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc hong@ubuntu:~/work/emrock/emrock/system$ find /opt/arm-2009q3 -name gdbserver /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/thumb2/usr/bin/gdbserver /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/thumb2/usr/lib/bin/gdbserver /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/armv4t/usr/bin/gdbserver /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/armv4t/usr/lib/bin/gdbserver /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/bin/gdbserver /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc/usr/lib/bin/gdbserver hong@ubuntu:~/work/system$
如果找到了就直接跳到步驟4,沒有的話就需要自行編譯了。
編譯gdbserver
到GNU官方FTP下載, 下載地址:
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/
編譯GDB源碼時只需要編譯出gdbserver就可以了
# cd gdb-6.7.1/gdb/gdbserver/ #./configure --host=arm-none-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/work/install/gdbserver #make #make install
這時會在/work/install/gdbserver目錄下生成bin/gdbserver,將其拷貝到nfs文件系統
#cd /work/install/gdbserver #cp bin/gdbserver /work/nfs/rootfs/bin
這里需要特別注意的是交叉編譯的gdbserver和host調試用的gdb版本必須保證版本一致,否則會出現如下的問題:
hong@ubuntu:~/work/$ arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb ./ipcr002_debug (gdb) target remote 192.168.0.178:1234 Remote debugging using 192.168.0.178:1234 Malformed packet(b) (missing colon): ore:0; Packet: 'T050b:00000000;0d:80bdc3be;0f:b0070040;thread:5c21;core:0;'
產生這個問題時:編譯gdbserver用的是gdb7.5,而arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb的版本是:
hong@ubuntu:~/work/system$ arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb --version GNU gdb (Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q3-67) 6.8.50.20090630-cvs
而我使用交叉編譯工具鏈自帶的gdbserver就不會有這個問題。除了使用自帶的gdbserver外,另一種解決辦法就是重新從gdb源碼編譯arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb,這樣也可以保證兩者的版本一致。
庫問題
這里需要注意的是運行gdbserver還需要libthread_db庫,若你自己做的文件系統內沒有這個庫的話需要從交叉編譯器內拷一個過去。
# gdbserver -h (target) gdbserver: error while loading shared libraries: libthread_db.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory # cp -avf lib/libthread_db* /work/nfs/rootfs_bluetooth_omap/lib/ `/lib/libthread_db-1.0.so' -> `/work/nfs/rootfs/lib/libthread_db-1.0.so' `/lib/libthread_db.so.1' -> `/work/nfs/rootfs/lib/libthread_db.so.1'
注:若不知道缺少什么庫可以根據運行時錯誤提示拷貝或者用先用strace跟蹤一下:
#strace -f -F -o strace.log gdbserver -h
#vi strace.log
發現如下字段:
872 writev(2, [{"gdbserver", 9}, {": ", 2}, {"error while loading shared libra"..., 36}, {": ", 2}, {"libthread_db.so.1", 17}, {": ", 2}, {"cannot open shared object file", 30}, {": ", 2}, {"No such file or directory", 25}, {"\n", 1}], 10) = 126 872 exit_group(127) = ?
得知缺少libthread_db.so.1庫(紅色部分標出)。
調試過程
1)Target端建立遠程調試服務
# gdbserver 192.168.0.29:1234 obexftp (target) Process obexftp created; pid = 858 Listening on port 1234
其中IP地址為用來遠程調試的上位機地址(現在直接被gdbserver忽略掉,所以可以不寫),端口為target TCP 監聽端口。目標程序不需要符號表,即可以是strip后的,這樣可以節省存儲空間,所有的符號信息處理都是在Host端的gdb處完成的。
2)Host端GDB加載要調試的程序
這里要調試的程序得是交叉編譯過的,並且加了-g參數。不過大部分編譯程序默認就是加了-g參數的,這點可以從編譯時的log看出。
# arm-linux-gdb obexftp GNU gdb 6.6.50.20070301 (MontaVista 6.6.50-2.0.1.0702865 2007-03-26) Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see the conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "--host=i686-pc-linux-gnu --target=armv5tl-montavista-linux-gnueabi"...
3)連接到目標板調試服務
(gdb) target remote 192.168.0.178:1234 Remote debugging using 192.168.0.178:1234 Error while reading shared library symbols: Dwarf Error: Can't read DWARF data from '/opt/montavista/pro/devkit/arm/v5t_le/target/usr/lib/debug/lib/ld-2.5.90.so.debug'
0x400007a0 in _start () from /opt/montavista/pro/devkit/arm/v5t_le/target/lib/ld-linux.so.3
注:上面兩行錯誤信息暫時不用管,原因還不清楚,但是暫時發現不影響使用。
連接成功后ARM板上的信息應該是這樣的:
# ./gdbserver 192.168.0.29:1234 obexftp Process obexftp created; pid = 858 Remote debugging from host 192.168.0.29 # 這個ip地址是上位機的IP地址
上面這行表示宿主機和開發板連接成功。現在我們就可以在Host端像調試本地程序一樣調試ARM板上程序。不過,需要注意的是這里執行程序要用“c”,不能用“r”。因為程序已經在Target Board上面由gdbserver啟動了。
調試過程如下:
(gdb) b main Breakpoint 1 at 0x9870: file obexftp.c, line 376. (gdb) info b Num Type Disp Enb Address What 1 breakpoint keep y 0x00009870 in main at obexftp.c:376 (gdb) c Continuing. Error while mapping shared library sections: /work/install/bluetooth//lib/libobexftp.so.0: No such file or directory.
Error while mapping shared library sections: /work/install/bluetooth//lib/libc.so.6: No such file or directory.
Breakpoint 1, main (argc=1, argv=0xbed0dec4) at obexftp.c:384
384 if (strstr(argv[0], "ls") != NULL) most_recent_cmd = 'l'; (gdb)
若產生這個錯誤主要是由於該調試的應用程序使用到了額外的庫,而這個庫在gdb默認的搜索路徑內沒有 (相對與遠程調試,gdb默認搜索的路徑即為交叉編譯器的庫路徑,下面我會介紹到)。因此,這里我們需要修改一下gdb默認的共享庫搜索路徑。
修改的辦法是設置GDB的環境變量:
hong@ubuntu:~/work/system$ arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gdb -q ipcr002_debug_gdb (gdb) show solib-absolute-prefix The current system root is "". (gdb) show solib-search-path The search path for loading non-absolute shared library symbol files is . (gdb) set solib-absolute-prefix /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc (gdb) set solib-search-path /tftpboot/ak_ipc (gdb) show solib-absolute-prefix The current system root is "/opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc". (gdb) show solib-search-path The search path for loading non-absolute shared library symbol files is /tftpboot/ak_ipc.
solib-absolute-prefix設置的是被搜索文件路徑的前綴,一般設置為交叉編譯工具鏈的庫路徑前綴,即不包括lib目錄,lib目錄的父目錄,solib-search-path設置的是被搜索庫文件的路徑。solib-search-path可以有多個路徑,中間按用:隔開, solib-absolute-prefix的值只能有一個。若在solib-absolute-prefix指定的路徑內沒有搜索到庫,則再繼續嘗試從solib-search-path指定的路徑進行搜索。
hong@ubuntu:~$ ls -l /opt/arm-2009q3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc total 24 drwxr-xr-x 6 wenju wenju 4096 Oct 17 2009 armv4t drwxr-xr-x 2 wenju wenju 4096 Oct 17 2009 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 wenju wenju 4096 Oct 17 2009 lib # 前綴為父目錄,/lib/ld-linux.so .etc. drwxr-xr-x 2 wenju wenju 4096 Oct 17 2009 sbin drwxr-xr-x 6 wenju wenju 4096 Oct 17 2009 thumb2 drwxr-xr-x 10 wenju wenju 4096 Oct 17 2009 usr
這點倒有點類似於系統默認庫搜索路徑與LD_LIBRARY_PATH的關系。
詳細參考GDB手冊中相關部分:
http://wiki.chinaunix.net/index.php/GDB_Manual_15_1
設置好solib-search-path后再運行程序:
(gdb) set solib-search-path /work/install/bluetooth/lib/ (gdb) c Continuing. Error while reading shared library symbols: Dwarf Error: Can't read DWARF data from '/opt/montavista/pro/devkit/arm/v5t_le/target/usr/lib/debug/lib/ld-2.5.90.so.debug'
Breakpoint 1, main (argc=1, argv=0xbe896eb4) at obexftp.c:384
384 if (strstr(argv[0], "ls") != NULL) most_recent_cmd = 'l'; (gdb) l 379 char *output_file = NULL; 380 char *move_src = NULL; 381 /* char *inbox; */
382
383 /* preset mode of operation depending on our name */
384 if (strstr(argv[0], "ls") != NULL) most_recent_cmd = 'l'; 385 if (strstr(argv[0], "get") != NULL) most_recent_cmd = 'g'; 386 if (strstr(argv[0], "put") != NULL) most_recent_cmd = 'p'; 387 if (strstr(argv[0], "rm") != NULL) most_recent_cmd = 'k'; 388 (gdb)
運行成功
注:使用GDB調試時查看代碼不是很方便。CLWEN使用VIM作為GDB前端界面,結合gdb的遠程調試功能,動態的將程序當前運行的代碼顯示在VIM上,查看起來十分方便。其遠程調試方法和GDB+GDB Server一樣,但是多了一個GUI界面(VIM)。
完。
