查詢分頁的幾種Sql寫法
摘自：http://www.cnblogs.com/zcttxs/archive/2012/04/01/2429151.html
1.創建測試環境，(插入100萬條數據大概耗時5分鍾)。
create database DBTest
use DBTest
--創建測試表
create table pagetest
(
id int identity(1,1) not null,
col01 int null,
col02 nvarchar(50) null,
col03 datetime null
)
--1萬記錄集
declare @i int
set @i=0
while(@i<10000)
begin
insert into pagetest select cast(floor(rand()*10000) as int),left(newid(),10),getdate()
set @i=@i+1
end
2.幾種典型的分頁sql，下面例子是每頁50條，198*50=9900，取第199頁數據。
--寫法1，not in/top
select top 50 * from pagetest
where id not in (select top 9900 id from pagetest order by id)
order by id
--寫法2，not exists
select top 50 * from pagetest
where not exists
(select 1 from (select top 9900 id from pagetest order by id)a where a.id=pagetest.id)
order by id
--寫法3，max/top
select top 50 * from pagetest
where id>(select max(id) from (select top 9900 id from pagetest order by id)a)
order by id
--寫法4，row_number()
select top 50 * from
(select row_number()over(order by id)rownumber,* from pagetest)a
where rownumber>9900
select * from
(select row_number()over(order by id)rownumber,* from pagetest)a
where rownumber>9900 and rownumber<9951
select * from
(select row_number()over(order by id)rownumber,* from pagetest)a
where rownumber between 9901 and 9950
--寫法5，在csdn上一帖子看到的，row_number() 變體，不基於已有字段產生記錄序號，先按條件篩選以及排好序，再在結果集上給一常量列用於產生記錄序號
select *
from (
select row_number()over(order by tempColumn)rownumber,*
from (select top 9950 tempColumn=0,* from pagetest where 1=1 order by id)a
)b
where rownumber>9900
3.分別在1萬，10萬(取1990頁)，100(取19900頁）記錄集下測試。
測試sql:
declare @begin_date datetime declare @end_date datetime select @begin_date = getdate() <.....YOUR CODE.....> select @end_date = getdate() select datediff(ms,@begin_date,@end_date) as '毫秒'
1萬：基本感覺不到差異。
10萬：
4.結論：
1.max/top,ROW_NUMBER()都是比較不錯的分頁方法。相比ROW_NUMBER()只支持sql2005及以上版本，max/top有更好的可移植性，能同時適用於sql2000,access。
2.not exists感覺是要比not in效率高一點點。
3.ROW_NUMBER()的3種不同寫法效率看起來差不多。
4.ROW_NUMBER() 的變體基於我這個測試效率實在不好。原帖在這里 http://topic.csdn.net/u/20100617/04/80d1bd99-2e1c-4083-ad87-72bf706cb536.html
PS.上面的分頁排序都是基於自增字段id。測試環境還提供了int,nvarchar,datetime類型字段，也可以試試。不過對於非主鍵沒索引的大數據量排序效率應該是很不理想的。
5.簡單將ROWNUMBER,max/top的方式封裝到存儲過程。
ROWNUMBER():
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[Proc_SqlPageByRownumber] ( @tbName VARCHAR(255), --表名 @tbGetFields VARCHAR(1000)= '*',--返回字段 @OrderfldName VARCHAR(255), --排序的字段名 @PageSize INT=20, --頁尺寸 @PageIndex INT=1, --頁碼 @OrderType bit = 0, --0升序，非0降序 @strWhere VARCHAR(1000)='', --查詢條件 --@TotalCount INT OUTPUT --返回總記錄數 ) AS -- ============================================= -- Author: allen (liyuxin) -- Create date: 2012-03-30 -- Description: 分頁存儲過程(支持多表連接查詢) -- Modify [1]: 2012-03-30 -- ============================================= BEGIN DECLARE @strSql VARCHAR(5000) --主語句 DECLARE @strSqlCount NVARCHAR(500)--查詢記錄總數主語句 DECLARE @strOrder VARCHAR(300) -- 排序類型 --------------總記錄數--------------- IF ISNULL(@strWhere,'') <>'' SET @strSqlCount='Select @TotalCout=count(*) from ' + @tbName + ' where 1=1 '+ @strWhere ELSE SET @strSqlCount='Select @TotalCout=count(*) from ' + @tbName --exec sp_executesql @strSqlCount,N'@TotalCout int output',@TotalCount output --------------分頁------------ IF @PageIndex <= 0 SET @PageIndex = 1 IF(@OrderType<>0) SET @strOrder=' ORDER BY '+@OrderfldName+' DESC ' ELSE SET @strOrder=' ORDER BY '+@OrderfldName+' ASC ' SET @strSql='SELECT * FROM (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER('+@strOrder+') RowNo,'+ @tbGetFields+' FROM ' + @tbName + ' WHERE 1=1 ' + @strWhere+' ) tb WHERE tb.RowNo BETWEEN '+str((@PageIndex-1)*@PageSize+1)+' AND ' +str(@PageIndex*@PageSize) exec(@strSql) SELECT @TotalCount END 復制代碼
public static SqlParameter MakeInParam(string ParamName, SqlDbType DbType, Int32 Size, object Value) { return MakeParam(ParamName, DbType,Size, ParameterDirection.Input, Value); } public static SqlParameter MakeOutParam(string ParamName, SqlDbType DbType) { return MakeParam(ParamName, DbType, 0, ParameterDirection.Output, null); } public static SqlParameter MakeParam(string ParamName, SqlDbType DbType, Int32 Size, ParameterDirection Direction, object Value) { SqlParameter param; if (Size > 0) param = new SqlParameter(ParamName, DbType, Size); else param = new SqlParameter(ParamName, DbType); param.Direction = Direction; if (!(Direction == ParameterDirection.Output && Value == null)) param.Value = Value; return param; } /// <summary> /// 分頁獲取數據列表及總行數 /// </summary> /// <param name="tbName">表名</param> /// <param name="tbGetFields">返回字段</param> /// <param name="OrderFldName">排序的字段名</param> /// <param name="PageSize">頁尺寸</param> /// <param name="PageIndex">頁碼</param> /// <param name="OrderType">false升序，true降序</param> /// <param name="strWhere">查詢條件</param> public static DataSet GetPageList(string tbName, string tbGetFields, string OrderFldName, int PageSize, int PageIndex, string strWhere) { SqlParameter[] parameters = { MakeInParam("@tbName",SqlDbType.VarChar,255,tbName), MakeInParam("@tbGetFields",SqlDbType.VarChar,1000,tbGetFields), MakeInParam("@OrderfldName",SqlDbType.VarChar,255,OrderFldName), MakeInParam("@PageSize",SqlDbType.Int,0,PageSize), MakeInParam("@PageIndex",SqlDbType.Int,0,PageIndex), MakeInParam("@OrderType",SqlDbType.Bit,0,OrderType), MakeInParam("@strWhere",SqlDbType.VarChar,1000,strWhere), // MakeOutParam("@TotalCount",SqlDbType.Int) }; return RunProcedure("Proc_SqlPageByRownumber", parameters, "ds"); } 復制代碼
調用：
public DataTable GetList(string tbName, string tbGetFields, string OrderFldName, int PageSize, int PageIndex, string strWhere, ref int TotalCount) { DataSet ds = dal.GetList(tbName, tbGetFields, OrderFldName, PageSize, PageIndex, strWhere); TotalCount = Convert.ToInt32(ds.Tables[1].Rows[0][0]); return ds.Tables[0]; } 復制代碼
注意：多表連接時需注意的地方
1.必填項：tbName，OrderfldName，tbGetFields
2.實例：tbName =“UserInfo u INNER JOIN Department d ON u.DepID=d.ID”
tbGetFields=“u.ID AS UserID,u.Name,u.Sex,d.ID AS DepID,d.DefName”
OrderfldName=“u.ID,ASC|u.Name,DESC” (格式：Name,ASC|ID,DESC)
strWhere：每個條件前必須添加 AND (例如：AND UserInfo.DepID=1 )
Max/top:(簡單寫了下，需要滿足主鍵字段名稱就是"id")
create proc [dbo].[spSqlPageByMaxTop] @tbName varchar(255), --表名 @tbFields varchar(1000), --返回字段 @PageSize int, --頁尺寸 @PageIndex int, --頁碼 @strWhere varchar(1000), --查詢條件 @StrOrder varchar(255), --排序條件 @Total int output --返回總記錄數 as declare @strSql varchar(5000) --主語句 declare @strSqlCount nvarchar(500)--查詢記錄總數主語句 --------------總記錄數--------------- if @strWhere !='' begin set @strSqlCount='Select @TotalCout=count(*) from ' + @tbName + ' where '+ @strWhere end else begin set @strSqlCount='Select @TotalCout=count(*) from ' + @tbName end --------------分頁------------ if @PageIndex <= 0 begin set @PageIndex = 1 end set @strSql='select top '+str(@PageSize)+' * from ' + @tbName + ' where id>(select max(id) from (select top '+str((@PageIndex-1)*@PageSize)+' id from ' + @tbName + ''+@strOrder+')a) '+@strOrder+'' exec sp_executesql @strSqlCount,N'@TotalCout int output',@Total output exec(@strSql)
園子里搜到Max/top這么一個版本,看起來很強大，http://www.cnblogs.com/hertcloud/archive/2005/12/21/301327.html
調用：
declare @count int --exec [dbo].[spSqlPageByRownumber]'pagetest','*',50,20,'','order by id asc',@count output exec [dbo].[spSqlPageByMaxTop]'pagetest','*',50,20,'','order by id asc',@count output select @count