scrapy系列教程三——爬天涯熱門論壇

1.創建工程CpsecSpiders

scrapy 命令行工具：scrapy startproject CpsecSpiders

2.工程CpsecSpiders的目錄結構：cd CpsecSpiders

目錄文件說明

• scrapy.cfg: 項目的配置文件
• CpsecSpiders/: 該項目的python模塊。之后您將在此加入代碼。
• CpsecSpiders/items.py: 項目中的item文件.——要爬的內容變量聲明
• CpsecSpiders/pipelines.py: 項目中的pipelines文件. ——存到數據庫，數據去重，關鍵詞匹配
• CpsecSpiders/settings.py: 項目的設置文件.——全局設設置文件
• CpsecSpiders/spiders/: 放置spider代碼的目錄.——每一個爬蟲都放在這個目錄

3.爬蟲代碼tianyaBBS.py

#!/usr/bin/python  
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-  

from scrapy.contrib.loader import ItemLoader
from scrapy.spider import Spider
from scrapy.http import Request
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from CpsecSpiders.items import CpsecspidersItem
import scrapy
import lxml.html as lh
from CpsecSpiders.CpsecSpiderUtil import  spiderutil as sp
import sys
import time
import os
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from urlparse import urljoin
from xml.dom.minidom import parse
import xml.dom.minidom

class tianyaBBSspider(CrawlSpider):

    reload(sys)
    sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
    
    #爬蟲名稱，非常關鍵，唯一標示
    name = "tianya"

    #域名限定
    allowed_domains = ["bbs.tianya.cn"]

    #爬蟲的爬取得起始url
    start_urls = [

            #天涯論壇熱帖榜  可以寫多個用，分隔
      
            "http://bbs.tianya.cn/hotArticle.jsp",

         ]
    baseurl = 'http://bbs.tianya.cn'
    def parse(self, response):
        #選擇器
        sel = Selector(response)
        item =  CpsecSpiderItem()
        #文章url列表     
        article_url = sel.xpath('//div[@class="mt5"]/table[@class="tab-bbs-list tab-bbs-list-2"]//tr[@class="bg"]/td[1]/a/@href').extract() 
        #下一頁地址
        next_page_url = sel.xpath('//div[@class="long-pages"]/a[last()]/@href').extract()
        
        for url in article_url:
            #拼接url
            urll = urljoin(self.baseurl,url)
            #調用parse_item解析文章內容
            request = scrapy.Request(urll,callback=self.parse_item)
            request.meta['item'] = item
            yield request

        if next_page_url[0]:
            #調用自身進行迭代
            request = scrapy.Request(urljoin(self.baseurl,next_page_url[0]),callback=self.parse)
            yield request
            
    def parse_item(self, response):
    
        content = ''
        sel = Selector(response)
        item = response.meta['item']
        l = ItemLoader(item=CpsecSpiderItem(), response=response)

        article_url = str(response.url)
        today_timestamp = sp.get_tody_timestamp()
        article_id = sp.hashForUrl(article_url)
        article_name =  sel.xpath('//div[@id="post_head"]/h1/span/span/text()').extract()
        article_time =  sel.xpath('//div[@id="post_head"]/div[1]/div[@class="atl-info"]/span[2]/text()').extract()
        article_content =  sel.xpath('//div[@class="atl-main"]//div/div[@class="atl-content"]/div[2]/div[1]/text()').extract()
        article_author  =  sel.xpath('//div[@id="post_head"]/div[1]/div[@class="atl-info"]/span[1]/a/text()').extract()
        article_clik_num  =  sel.xpath('//div[@id="post_head"]/div[1]/div[@class="atl-info"]/span[3]/text()').extract()
        article_reply_num =  sel.xpath('//div[@id="post_head"]/div[1]/div[@class="atl-info"]/span[4]/text()').extract()

        #文章內容拼起來
        for i in article_content:
            content = content + i
            
        article_id = article_id.encode('utf-8')
        article_name = article_name[0].encode('utf-8')
        content = content.encode('utf-8')
        article_time = article_time[0].encode('utf-8')[9::]
        crawl_time = today_timestamp.encode('utf-8')
        article_url = article_url.encode('utf-8')
        article_author = article_author[0].encode('utf-8')
        click_num = article_clik_num[0].encode('utf-8')[9::]
        reply_num = article_reply_num[0].encode('utf-8')[9::]
        
        l.add_value('article_name',article_name)
        l.add_value('article_id',article_id)
        l.add_value('article_content',content)
        l.add_value('crawl_time',crawl_time)
        l.add_value('article_time',article_time)
        l.add_value('article_url',article_url)
        l.add_value('reply_num',reply_num)
        l.add_value('click_num',click_num)
        l.add_value('article_author',article_author)

        yield l.load_item()

3.items.py代碼

# s*- coding: utf-8 -*-
########################################################################
# author:
#    chaosju 
#
# decription:
#     Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# help documentation:
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
#######################################################################
from scrapy.item import Item, Field

class CpsecspidersItem(Item):

    article_name = Field()
    article_url = Field()
    article_content = Field()
    article_time = Field()
    article_id = Field()
    crawl_time = Field()
    article_from = Field()
    click_num = Field()
    reply_num = Field()
    article_author =Field()

4.settings.py代碼

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for CpesecSpiers project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only the most important settings by
# default. All the other settings are documented here:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#

BOT_NAME = 'CpsecSpiders'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['CpsecSpiders.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'CpsecSpiders.spiders'

#減慢爬取速度 為1s  
download_delay = 1
#爬取網站深度
DEPTH_LIMIT = 20
#禁止cookies,防止被ban  
COOKIES_ENABLED = False

#聲明Pipeline，定義的pipeline必須在這聲明
ITEM_PIPELINES = { 'CpsecSpiders.pipelines.CpsecspidersPipeline':300 }

5.scrapy.cfg內容

# Automatically created by: scrapy startproject
#
# For more information about the [deploy] section see:
# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/scrapyd.html

[settings]
default = CpsecSpiders.settings

[deploy]
url = http://localhost:6800/
project = CpsecSpiders

5.pipelines.py的定義，項目用的MySQL

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
##########################################################################
# author
#     chaosju
# description:
#     Define your item pipelines here
#     save or process  your spider's data 
# attention:
#     Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting in setting file
# help document:
#     See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
########################################################################
import re
from scrapy import log
from twisted.enterprise import adbapi
from scrapy.http import Request
from CpsecSpiders.items import CpsecspidersItem
import MySQLdb
import MySQLdb.cursors
from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem
from CpsecSpiders.CpsecSpiderUtil import  spiderutil as sp



class CpsecspidersPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        #connect to mysql DB
        self.dbpool = adbapi.ConnectionPool('MySQLdb',
            host = '192.168.2.2',
            db = 'dbname',
            user = 'root',
            passwd = 'root',
            cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor,
            charset = 'utf8',
            use_unicode = True)

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        """
        if  spider.name == '360search' or spider.name == 'baidu' or spider.name == 'sogou':
            query = self.dbpool.runInteraction(self._conditional_insert, item)
            return item
        elif  spider.name == 'ifengSpider':
            query = self.dbpool.runInteraction(self._conditional_insert_ifeng, item)
            return item
        elif spider.name == 'chinanews':
            query = self.dbipool.runInteraction(self._conditional_insert_chinanews, item)
            return item
        else:
        """    
        query = self.dbpool.runInteraction(self._conditional_insert, item)
        return item

    def _conditional_insert(self, tx, item):
        for i in range(len(item['article_name'])):
            tx.execute("select * from article_info as t where t.id = %s", (item['article_id'][i], ))
            result = tx.fetchone()
            #lens = sp.isContains(item['article_name'][i])

            #if not result and lens != -1:
            #數據不存在，則插入

            if not result:
                tx.execute(\
                  'insert into article_info(id,article_name,article_time,article_url,crawl_time,praise_num,comment_num,article_from,article_author) values (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)',
                      (item['article_id'][i],item['article_name'][i],item['article_time'][i],item['article_url'][i],item['crawl_time'][i],item['click_num'][i],item['reply_num'][i],item['article_from'][i],item['article_author'][i]))
                tx.execute(\
                  'insert into article_content(id,article_content) values (%s, %s)',
                      (item['article_id'][i],item['article_content'][i]))
        

 源代碼下載

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1DcF8a