通過參考其他牛人的文章和代碼, 再根據自己的理解總結得出, 說明已經加在注釋中, FYI
主要參考文章: http://blog.csdn.net/dk_zhe/article/details/37820965
http://www.cnblogs.com/coser/archive/2012/01/06/2315216.html
https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/select.html?highlight=select#module-select
http://www.cnblogs.com/devinzhang/archive/2012/01/13/2321826.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23146151-id-3084687.html
server.py 和 client.py
#coding=utf-8 # 通過socket建立網絡連接的步驟: # 至少需要2個套接字, server和client # 需要建立socket之間的連接, 通過連接來進行收發data # client 和 server連接的過程: # 1. 建立server的套接字,綁定主機和端口,並監聽client的連接請求 # 2. client套接字根據server的地址發出連接請求, 連接到server的socket上; client socket需要提供自己的 socket fd,以便server socket回應 # 3. 當server監聽到client連接請求時, 響應請求, 建立一個新的線程, 把server fd 發送給client # 而后, server繼續監聽其他client請求, 而client和server通過socket連接互發data通信 import socket,select,thread host = socket.gethostname() port = 5963 server_addr = (host,port) # waitable的read list, 表示異步通信中可讀socket對象的列表 inputs = [] # 連接進入server的client的名稱 fd_name = {} # 創建並初始化server socket def serverInit(): ss = socket.socket() # 創建server socket ss.bind(server_addr) # 綁定到server addr ss.listen(10) # 監聽端口號, 設置最大監聽數10 return ss # 返回初始化后的server socket # 創建一個新的socket連接 def newConnection(ss): client_conn,client_addr = ss.accept() # 響應一個client的連接請求, 建立一個連接,可以用來傳輸數據 try: # 向client端發送歡迎信息 client_conn.send("welcome to chatroom,pls set up your nick name!") client_name = client_conn.recv(1024) #接收client發來的昵稱,最大接收字符為1024 inputs.append(client_conn) fd_name[client_conn] = client_name # 將連接/連接名 加入鍵值對 client_conn.send("current members in chatroom are: %s" % fd_name.values()) # 向所有連接發送新成員加入信息 for other in fd_name.keys(): if other != client_conn and other != ss: other.send(fd_name[client_conn]+" joined the chatroom!") except Exception as e: print e def closeConnection(): pass def run(): ss = serverInit() inputs.append(ss) print "server is running..." while True: # rlist,wlist,elist = select.select(inputs, [], inputs,100) # 如果只是服務器開啟,100s之內沒有client連接,則也會超時關閉 rlist,wlist,elist = select.select(inputs, [], []) # 當沒有可讀fd時, 表示server錯誤,退出服務器 if not rlist: print "timeout..." ss.close() # 關閉 server socket break for r in rlist: if r is ss: # server socket, 表示有新的client連接請求 newConnection(ss) else: # 表示一個client連接上有數據到達服務器 disconnect = False try: data = r.recv(1024) #接收data data = fd_name[r] + " : "+ data # 確定客戶端昵稱 except socket.error: data = fd_name[r] + " leaved the room" disconnect = True else: pass if disconnect: inputs.remove(r) print data for other in inputs: if other != ss and other != r: #不發生到服務器和已經斷開的連接 try: other.send(data) except Exception as e: print e else: pass # 除名 del fd_name[r] else: print data # 在服務器顯示client發送的數據 # 向其他成員(連接)發送相同的信息 for other in inputs: if other != ss and other != r: try: other.send(data) except Exception as e: print e if __name__ == "__main__": run()
#coding=utf-8 # 由於實驗都在本機上運行, 所以server addr == client addr import socket,select,threading,sys host = socket.gethostname() client_addr = (host,5963) # equals server_addr() # 傾聽其他成員談話 def listening(cs): inputs = [cs] while True: rlist,wlist,elist = select.select(inputs, [], []) # client socket就是用來收發數據的, 由於只有這個waitable 對象, 所以不必迭代 if cs in rlist: try: # 打印從服務器收到的數據 print cs.recv(1024) except socket.error: print "socket is error" exit() # 發言 def speak(cs): while True: try: data = raw_input() except Exception as e: print r"can't input" exit() # if data == "exit": # cs.close() # break try: cs.send(data) except Exception as e: exit() def main(): # client socket cs = socket.socket() cs.connect(client_addr) # 分別啟動聽和說線程 t = threading.Thread(target=listening,args=(cs,)) # 注意當元組中只有一個元素的時候需要這樣寫, 否則會被認為是其原來的類型 t.start() t1 = threading.Thread(target=speak,args=(cs,)) t1.start() if __name__ == "__main__": main()