VS2015已經出了正式版，想用來試一下cordova方面的開發。最近在看ionic這個框架，於是想能在VS2015里編輯js就好了。
下面說一下蛋疼的安裝配置過程。
一、安裝VS2015及Android SDK
首先Android的SDK最好提前下好，我是從另一個電腦上把已經下好的sdk復制到D盤Android目錄下，這樣安裝VS2015的時候就不用選擇SDK下載了，速度會快點。
安裝VS2015的時候最好網絡翻牆一下，不然有些組件有可能會下載失敗。安裝的組件我沒選Xamarin，這玩意太貴用不起。安裝了cordova的相關組件，也要安裝nodejs。當然也可以單獨安裝nodejs，貌似VS2015里的nodejs版本比現在官方最新版本要低。
cordova可以在VS2015里裝。
二、安裝ionic
然后安裝ionic，打開nodejs命令行，輸入
npm install -g ionic
如果在VS2015例安裝過cordova這里就不用加cordova參數了。很不幸，有警告信息：
npm WARN engine cordova-js@4.0.0: wanted: {"node":"~0.10.x"} (current: {"node":"0.12.7","npm":"2.11.3"})
npm WARN engine npm@1.3.4: wanted: {"node":">=0.6","npm":"1"} (current: {"node":"0.12.7","npm":"2.11.3"})
npm WARN engine xmlbuilder@2.2.1: wanted: {"node":"0.8.x || 0.10.x"} (current: {"node":"0.12.7","npm":"2.11.3"})
npm WARN installMany normalize-package-data was bundled with npm@1.3.4, but bundled package wasn't found in unpacked tree
應該版本不太一致，不影響使用。
我准備分別用ionic的命令行和VS2015建立兩個cordova項目，比較一下異同。
三、使用ionic命令行建立項目
先用ionic命令行建個項目試試：
ionic start myApp tabs
Creating Ionic app in folder E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp based on tabs project Downloading: https://github.com/driftyco/ionic-app-base/archive/master.zip [=============================] 100% 0.0s Downloading: https://github.com/driftyco/ionic-starter-tabs/archive/master.zip [=============================] 100% 0.0s Updated the hooks directory to have execute permissions Update Config.xml Initializing cordova project Your Ionic project is ready to go! Some quick tips: * cd into your project: $ cd myApp * Setup this project to use Sass: ionic setup sass * Develop in the browser with live reload: ionic serve * Add a platform (ios or Android): ionic platform add ios [android] Note: iOS development requires OS X currently See the Android Platform Guide for full Android installation instructions: https://cordova.apache.org/docs/en/edge/guide_platforms_android_index.md.html * Build your app: ionic build <PLATFORM> * Simulate your app: ionic emulate <PLATFORM> * Run your app on a device: ionic run <PLATFORM> * Package an app using Ionic package service: ionic package <MODE> <PLATFORM> For more help use ionic --help or ionic docs Visit the Ionic docs: http://ionicframework.com/docs Create an ionic.io account to send Push Notifications and use the Ionic View app? (Y/n): n +---------------------------------------------------------+ + New Ionic Updates for July 2015 +
會自動從github上下載項目模板。切換到該目錄，添加android平台支持：
E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp>ionic platform add android Updated the hooks directory to have execute permissions Downloading Default Ionic Resources Downloading: https://github.com/driftyco/ionic-default-resources/archive/master.zip [=============================] 100% 0.0s Done adding default Ionic resources Adding icons for platform: android npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cordova-android npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/cordova-android npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cordova-android npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/cordova-android npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cordova-android/-/cordova-android-4.0.2.tgz npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/cordova-android/-/cordova-android-4.0.2.tgz Adding android project... Creating Cordova project for the Android platform: Path: platforms\android Package: com.ionicframework.myapp183819 Name: myApp Activity: MainActivity Android target: android-22 Copying template files... Android project created with cordova-android@4.0.2 Running command: "C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe" E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\hooks\after_prepare\010_add_platform_class.js E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp add to body class: platform-android Installing "com.ionic.keyboard" for android Installing "cordova-plugin-console" for android Installing "cordova-plugin-device" for android Installing "cordova-plugin-splashscreen" for android Installing "cordova-plugin-whitelist" for android Saving platform to package.json file
自動添加了幾個cordova的組件。然后編譯一下：
E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp>ionic build android Running command: "C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe" E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\hooks\after_prepare\010_add_platform_class.js E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp add to body class: platform-android Running command: cmd "/s /c "E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\cordova\build.bat"" [Error: ANDROID_HOME is not set and "android" command not in your PATH. You must fulfill at least one of these conditions.] ERROR building one of the platforms: Error: cmd: Command failed with exit code 2 You may not have the required environment or OS to build this project Error: cmd: Command failed with exit code 2 at ChildProcess.whenDone (C:\Users\Xiaodi\AppData\Roaming\npm\node_modules\cordova\node_modules\cordova-lib\src\cordova\superspawn.js:134:23) at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:110:17) at maybeClose (child_process.js:1015:16) at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:1087:5)
報錯了，ANDROID_HOME沒有配置，需要說明的是，如果先安裝了Android Studio等Android的開發環境，這些變量是應該已經配置好的，因為本機沒有裝Android Studio所以沒有配置，那在環境變量里補上。
我把Android的SDK放在了D:\Android\sdk目錄下，在環境變量里添加：
ANDROID_HOME=D:\Android\sdk
還要添加java的環境變量：
JAVA_HOME=C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.7.0_55
然后在PATH里添加：
%ANDROID_HOME%;%JAVA_HOME%\bin;
然后一定要關閉當前的nodejs窗口再重新打開，不然新配置的不會起作用。
重新編譯一下：
E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp>ionic build android Running command: "C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe" E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\hooks\after_prepare\010_add_platform_class.js E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp add to body class: platform-android Running command: cmd "/s /c "E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\cordova\build.bat"" ANDROID_HOME=D:\Android\sdk JAVA_HOME=C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.7.0_55 Running: E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\gradlew cdvBuildDebug -b E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\build.gradle -Dorg.gradle.daemon=true Downloading http://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.2.1-all.zip ...........................................................................
到這個地方用了很久，在下載gradle，這里有點失誤了，應該先把Android完整的開發環境配置好，應該就會省略這一步了。到現在只能慢慢等了。
后面又是一大堆下載：
Unzipping e:\Users\Xiaodi\.gradle\wrapper\dists\gradle-2.2.1-all\2m8005s69iu8v0oiejfej094b\gradle-2.2.1-all.zip to e:\Users\Xiaodi\.gradle\wrapper\dists\gradle-2.2.1-all\2m8005s69iu8v0oiejfej094b Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/gradle/1.0.0/gradle-1.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/builder/1.0.0/builder-1.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/lint/lint/24.0.0/lint-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/sf/proguard/proguard-gradle/5.1/proguard-gradle-5.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/sf/proguard/proguard-parent/5.1/proguard-parent-5.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/sdk-common/24.0.0/sdk-common-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15on/1.48/bcprov-jdk15on-1.48.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/squareup/javawriter/2.5.0/javawriter-2.5.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/sonatype/oss/oss-parent/7/oss-parent-7.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/common/24.0.0/common-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/builder-test-api/1.0.0/builder-test-api-1.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/ddms/ddmlib/24.0.0/ddmlib-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/manifest-merger/24.0.0/manifest-merger-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/builder-model/1.0.0/builder-model-1.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/sdklib/24.0.0/sdklib-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/bouncycastle/bcpkix-jdk15on/1.48/bcpkix-jdk15on-1.48.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/lint/lint-checks/24.0.0/lint-checks-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/eclipse/jdt/core/compiler/ecj/4.2.2/ecj-4.2.2.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/sf/proguard/proguard-base/5.1/proguard-base-5.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/google/guava/guava/17.0/guava-17.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/google/guava/guava-parent/17.0/guava-parent-17.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/sf/kxml/kxml2/2.3.0/kxml2-2.3.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/layoutlib/layoutlib-api/24.0.0/layoutlib-api-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.1.1/httpclient-4.1.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcomponents-client/4.1.1/httpcomponents-client-4.1.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/project/4.1.1/project-4.1.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpmime/4.1/httpmime-4.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcomponents-client/4.1/httpcomponents-client-4.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/dvlib/24.0.0/dvlib-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/commons/commons-compress/1.8.1/commons-compress-1.8.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/commons/commons-parent/33/commons-parent-33.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/apache/13/apache-13.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/lint/lint-api/24.0.0/lint-api-24.0.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm-analysis/4.0/asm-analysis-4.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm-parent/4.0/asm-parent-4.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/ow2/1.3/ow2-1.3.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.1/httpcore-4.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcomponents-core/4.1/httpcomponents-core-4.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/commons/commons-parent/5/commons-parent-5.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/apache/4/apache-4.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.4/commons-codec-1.4.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/commons/commons-parent/11/commons-parent-11.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm/4.0/asm-4.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/external/lombok/lombok-ast/0.2.2/lombok-ast-0.2.2.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/ow2/asm/asm-tree/4.0/asm-tree-4.0.pom Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/gradle/1.0.0/gradle-1.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/builder/1.0.0/builder-1.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/lint/lint/24.0.0/lint-24.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/sf/proguard/proguard-gradle/5.1/proguard-gradle-5.1.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/sdk-common/24.0.0/sdk-common-24.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15on/1.48/bcprov-jdk15on-1.48.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/squareup/javawriter/2.5.0/javawriter-2.5.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/common/24.0.0/common-24.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/builder-test-api/1.0.0/builder-test-api-1.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/ddms/ddmlib/24.0.0/ddmlib-24.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/manifest-merger/24.0.0/manifest-merger-24.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/build/builder-model/1.0.0/builder-model-1.0.0.jar Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/android/tools/sdklib/24.0.0/sdklib-24.0.0.jar
我現在已經后悔了，沒有先裝Android Studio。
:preBuild :compileDebugNdk :preDebugBuild :checkDebugManifest :CordovaLib:compileLint :CordovaLib:copyDebugLint UP-TO-DATE :CordovaLib:mergeDebugProguardFiles :CordovaLib:preBuild :CordovaLib:preDebugBuild :CordovaLib:checkDebugManifest :CordovaLib:prepareDebugDependencies :CordovaLib:compileDebugAidl :CordovaLib:compileDebugRenderscript :CordovaLib:generateDebugBuildConfig :CordovaLib:generateDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE :CordovaLib:mergeDebugAssets :CordovaLib:generateDebugResValues :CordovaLib:generateDebugResources :CordovaLib:packageDebugResources :CordovaLib:processDebugManifest :CordovaLib:processDebugResources :CordovaLib:generateDebugSources :CordovaLib:compileDebugJavaע: ijЩ�����ļ�ʹ�û�����ѹ�ʱ�� API�� ע: �й���ϸ��Ϣ, ��ʹ�� -Xlint:deprecation ���±��롣 :CordovaLib:processDebugJavaRes UP-TO-DATE :CordovaLib:packageDebugJar :CordovaLib:compileDebugNdk :CordovaLib:packageDebugJniLibs UP-TO-DATE :CordovaLib:packageDebugLocalJar UP-TO-DATE :CordovaLib:packageDebugRenderscript UP-TO-DATE :CordovaLib:bundleDebug :prepareAndroidCordovaLibUnspecifiedDebugLibrary :prepareDebugDependencies :compileDebugAidl :compileDebugRenderscript :generateDebugBuildConfig :generateDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE :mergeDebugAssets :generateDebugResValues :generateDebugResources :mergeDebugResources :processDebugManifest :processDebugResources :generateDebugSources :compileDebugJavaע: ijЩ�����ļ�ʹ�û�����ѹ�ʱ�� API�� ע: �й���ϸ��Ϣ, ��ʹ�� -Xlint:deprecation ���±��롣 :preDexDebug :dexDebug :processDebugJavaRes UP-TO-DATE :validateDebugSigning :packageDebug :zipalignDebug :assembleDebug :cdvBuildDebug BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 23 mins 56.923 secs Built the following apk(s): E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk\android-debu g.apk
中間貌似亂碼了，不過好在編譯成功。中間下載花了20多分鍾。
運行一下看看：
E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp>ionic run android Running command: "C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe" E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\hooks\after_prepare\010_add_platform_class.js E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp add to body class: platform-android Running command: cmd "/s /c "E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\cordova\run.bat"" ANDROID_HOME=D:\Android\sdk JAVA_HOME=C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.7.0_55 E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\cordova\node_modules\q\q.js:126 throw e; ^ Error executing "adb devices": ADB server didn't ACK * failed to start daemon * error: unknown host service ERROR running one or more of the platforms: Error: cmd: Command failed with exit code 1 You may not have the required environment or OS to run this project
很不幸，又報錯了。不過既然已經編譯成功，可以直接安裝apk試試。在E:\Workspaces\Cordova\myApp\platforms\android\build\outputs\apk目錄下找到apk直接安裝。
具體截圖就不貼了，是可以直接運行的。
以上是用ionic命令行建立項目的過程。為了減少問題產生建議大家先按照Android官方文檔把Android Studio裝好，這樣可以少很多問題。
四、使用VS2015建立項目
下面用VS2015來建立一個cordova項目。注意如果安裝VS2015的時候沒有安裝Android SDK，那么使用前就要先配置一下。菜單工具-選項-Tools For Apache Cordova：
有一個Run Dependency Checker，檢測一下依賴項是否已經成功配置，如果之前沒有自動下載Android SDK的話，肯定會報錯的，點擊第二項，手動配置一下ADK_HOME即可。在這里也可以看到如果ANT、Git、JAVA SDK都是由VS2015自動安裝的話，這個地方就自動配置好了，如果自己手動安裝就要手動配置。
用VS2015新建項目的過程就不細說了，項目模板里有。建好后可以用Ripple模擬器在Chrome里跑一下看看。
現在可以比較一下這兩種方式建好的項目目錄，可以看到目錄結構基本是一樣的：
左邊為ionic命令行建立的項目，右邊為VS2015建立的項目。www里面就是html+js+css，platforms目錄是Android平台支持。
其實有一個更方便的方式，ionic已經提供了VS2015的項目模板：
https://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/b26474d5-c14d-4d69-bad5-37954538c506
然后用這個模板建個項目，可以看到項目目錄基本跟空白的cordova項目是類似的，但自動增加了ionic支持，相當於根據https://github.com/driftyco/ionic-starter-tabs這個模板建了個項目。這樣就方便多了。
但用這種方式建立的項目和ionic命令行建立的項目也有區別，命令行建立的項目，已經把依賴的ionic框架及Anjular框架下載到本地了，而項目模板建立的項目，頁面里引用的js還是服務器上的。
時間關系沒有深入研究。但終於可以用VS2015寫Cordova了。希望能盡快寫出一個可以運行的小app來。