SSH項目，訪問jsp頁面出現報錯，控制台顯示報錯信息：
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateQueryException: unexpected token: * near line 1, column 8 [select * from tb_chaper where course_id = 2]; nested exception is org.hibernate.hql.ast.QuerySyntaxException: unexpected token: * near line 1, column 8 [select * from tb_chaper where course_id = 2] at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:657) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateAccessor.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateAccessor.java:412) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:424) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.find(HibernateTemplate.java:921) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.find(HibernateTemplate.java:913) at cn.test.web.dao.impl.ChaperDaoImpl.totalPagesPrimary(ChaperDaoImpl.java:34) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:307) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:182) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:149) at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:106) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171) at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:89) at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:171) at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204) at $Proxy10.totalPagesPrimary(Unknown Source) at cn.test.web.service.impl.ChaperServiceImpl.totalPagesPrimary(ChaperServiceImpl.java:43) at cn.test.web.action.ChaperListAction.execute(ChaperListAction.java:38) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:440) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:279) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:242) at cn.test.web.interceptor.LoginInterceptor.intercept(LoginInterceptor.java:17) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:163) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:249) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:122) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:195) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:195) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:148) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:93) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:235) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:89) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:128) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ProfilingActivationInterceptor.intercept(ProfilingActivationInterceptor.java:104) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:267) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:126) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:138) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:148) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:128) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:176) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:236) at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:468) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:76) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at cn.test.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:31) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:861) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:606) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
查了一下Dao層方法，里面的hql寫成了sql語句，從而導致這樣的報錯。
總結一下原因：
hibernate框架在映射數據庫表時，是將表轉換為實體類，用操作數據對象代替操作表，這跟java語言面向對面象的操作原來一樣，hql提供更加豐富靈活、更為強大的查詢能力，hql語句對應實體類和實體類的屬性進行了封裝，查詢語句from后面接的不是表名稱，而是javabean實體對象名，where條件后面的不是表字段，而是javabean實體屬性名。
擴展提示，網上其他答案：在hibernate里面寫sql執行時候要用了session.createQuery(sql); 需要用session.createSQLQuerysql);