ubuntu環境下cassandra安裝配置

1、cassandra簡介

　　Apache Cassandra 是一套開源分布式 Key-Value 存儲系統。它最初由 Facebook 開發，用於儲存特別大的數據。 Cassandra 不是一個數據庫，它是一個混合型的非關系的數據庫，類似於 Google 的 BigTable。本文主要從以下五個方面來介紹 Cassandra：Cassandra 的數據模型、安裝和配制 Cassandra、常用編程語言使用 Cassandra 來存儲數據、Cassandra 集群搭建。

2、配置環境

 　　ubuntu 14.04

　　apache-cassandra-2.0.15

　　cassandra必須要配置java環境才能正常運行（最好大於1.7）

java version "1.8.0_40" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_40-b26) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 25.40-b25, mixed mode)

3、下載cassandra包

　　wget  http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/cassandra/2.0.15/apache-cassandra-2.0.15-bin.tar.gz

　　tar -zxvf apache-cassandra-2.0.15-bin.tar.gz -C ./

　　mv apache-cassandra-2.0.15 cassandra 

4、配置cassandra

　　設置cassandra數據目錄

• • 　　data_file_directories：為數據文件目錄
  • 　　commitlog_directory：為日志文件目錄
  • 　　saved_caches_directory：為緩存文件目錄

　　用vi打開cassandra的配置文件cassandra.yaml

　　vim  ~/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml

data_file_directories: - /var/lib/cassandra/data commitlog_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog saved_caches_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches

　　新建一下目錄

# 新建目錄 ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/data ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog ~ sudo mkdir -p /var/log/cassandra

　　設置權限

# 把目錄歸屬改成操作用戶 ~ sudo chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /var/lib/cassandra ~ sudo chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /var/log/cassandra/

5、設置環境變量

~ sudo vi /etc/environment CASSANDRA_HOME=/home/ubuntu/cassandra1215 # 讓環境變量生效 ~ . /etc/environment #查看環境變量 ~ echo $CASSANDRA_HOME /home/ubuntu/cassandra

6、啟動cassandra服務器

#注：-f參數是綁定到console，不加-f則是后台啟動

~/cassandra/bin$ ./cassandra INFO 16:44:23,670 Logging initialized INFO 16:44:23,923 Loading settings from file:/home/talkweb/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO 16:44:24,642 Data files directories: [/var/lib/cassandra/data] INFO 16:44:24,648 Commit log directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog INFO 16:44:24,651 DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be standard, indexAccessMode is standard INFO 16:44:24,652 disk_failure_policy is stop INFO 16:44:24,654 commit_failure_policy is stop INFO 16:44:24,669 Global memtable threshold is enabled at 123MB INFO 16:44:25,049 Not using multi-threaded compaction INFO 16:44:25,684 Loading settings from file:/home/talkweb/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO 16:44:25,707 Loading settings from file:/home/talkweb/cassandra/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO 16:44:25,822 32bit JVM detected.  It is recommended to run Cassandra on a 64bit JVM for better performance. INFO 16:44:25,824 JVM vendor/version: Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM/1.8.0_40
 ......

7、查看cassandra服務進程

 查看cassandra系統進程 ~ ps -axu|grep cassandra ubuntu 2818  6.9 17.1 718732 176080 pts/1   Sl   16:44   0:13 /usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_40/bin/java -ea -javaagent:/home/ubuntu/cassandra/lib/jamm-0.2.5.jar -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled -XX:+UseThreadPriorities -XX:ThreadPriorityPolicy=42 -Xms501M -Xmx501M -Xmn100M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xss256k -XX:StringTableSize=1000003 -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:SurvivorRatio=8 -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=1 -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+UseTLAB -XX:+CMSParallelInitialMarkEnabled -XX:+CMSEdenChunksRecordAlways -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Dcassandra.jmx.local.port=7199 -XX
... ...
 # 查看系統端口 ~ netstat -nlt|grep 9160 tcp 0      0 127.0.0.1:9160          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN

8、cassandra命令行界面

不推薦這種連接方式，Cassandra命令行界面將會在Cassandra 3.0版本中移除

~/cassandra/bin$ ./cassandra-cli Connected to: "Test Cluster" on 127.0.0.1/9160 Unable to open /home/ubuntu/.cassandra/cli.history for writingWelcome to Cassandra CLI version 2.0.15 The CLI is deprecated and will be removed in Cassandra 3.0. Consider migrating to cqlsh. CQL is fully backwards compatible with Thrift data; see http://www.datastax.com/dev/blog/thrift-to-cql3
 Type 'help;' or '?' for help. Type 'quit;' or 'exit;' to quit. [default@unknown]

9、使用Cassandra交互式命令行接口cqlsh

~/cassandra/bin$ ./cqlsh Connected to Test Cluster at localhost:9160. [cqlsh 4.1.1 | Cassandra 2.0.15 | CQL spec 3.1.1 | Thrift protocol 19.39.0] Use HELP for help. cqlsh> 

參考文章：http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-cassandra/

　　　　   http://m.blog.csdn.net/blog/a19881029/40630529