在ubuntu環境下,使用scrapy定時執行抓取任務,由於scrapy本身沒有提供定時執行的功能,所以采用了crontab的方式進行定時執行:
首先編寫要執行的命令腳本cron.sh
#! /bin/sh export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin cd /home/zhangchao/CVS/testCron nohup scrapy crawl example >> example.log 2>&1 &
執行,crontab -e,規定crontab要執行的命令和要執行的時間頻率,這里我需要每一分鍾就執行scrapy crawl example這條爬取命令:
# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron. # # Each task to run has to be defined through a single line # indicating with different fields when the task will be run # and what command to run for the task # # To define the time you can provide concrete values for # minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon), # and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').# # Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system # daemon's notion of time and timezones. # # Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through # email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected). # # For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts # at 5 a.m every week with: # 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/ # # For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8) # # m h dom mon dow command */1 * * * * sh /home/zhangchao/CVS/testCron/cron.sh
編輯好了后,發現ubuntu的/var/log/下面沒有crontab的日志,原因是因為ubuntu默認沒有開啟crontab的日志功能,執行如下操作:
emacs /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf ,將cron.*這一行前的注釋打開:
然后重啟sudo service rsyslog restart
最后就可以使用tail –f /var/log/cron.log查看crontab的日志了,可以看到cron.sh每一分鍾被執行了一次:
借此機會復習下,crontab的常見格式:
每分鍾執行 */1 * * * *
每小時執行 0 * * * *
每天執行 0 0 * * *
每周執行 0 0 * * 0
每月執行 0 0 1 * *
每年執行 0 0 1 1 *