Qt Widgets——子區域和子窗口

QMdiArea 一般使用於主窗口QMainWindow，用於容納多個子窗口QMdiSubWindow 

qt creator 3.0的設計師有MdiArea可直接拖入使用。

界面如下,圖中灰色框即是個MdiArea，另一圖中創建了2個QMdiSubWindow ：

代碼如下：

#include "mainwindow.h"  
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"  
#include <QSize>  
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :  
    QMainWindow(parent),  
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)  
{  
    ui->setupUi(this);  
    connect(ui->actionNew,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(creatNewWin()));//actionNew是通過設計師創建的動作  
  
}  
  
void MainWindow::creatNewWin()  
{  
    mdiWin1=new QMdiSubWindow;  
    mdiWin1->setWindowTitle("未定");  
    ui->mdiArea->addSubWindow(mdiWin1);  
    mdiWin1->resize(QSize(200,200));  
    mdiWin1->show();  
}  
MainWindow::~MainWindow()  
{  
    delete ui;  
}  

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QMdiArea

公有函數如下：

    QMdiArea(QWidget * parent = 0)  
    ~QMdiArea()  
  
QMdiSubWindow * addSubWindow(QWidget * widget, Qt::WindowFlags windowFlags = 0)  
void    removeSubWindow(QWidget * widget)  
void    setActivationOrder(WindowOrder order)//設置激活順序，默認以創建先后激活，槽函數中有調用，枚舉值見1  
void    setBackground(const QBrush & background)//設置背景，默認灰色  
void    setDocumentMode(bool enabled)  
void    setOption(AreaOption option, bool on = true)//現只有一個選項，即創建子窗口，窗口不充滿這個區域，默認是充滿的，枚舉值見2  
void    setViewMode(ViewMode mode)//設置視口模式，默認area中很多小窗口，也可以是有tabBar形式的，以下這些設置tab的函數，都需要先開啟這個。枚舉值見3  
void    setTabPosition(QTabWidget::TabPosition position)//設置tabBar的方位，有東西南北四方位，遵循地理的上北下南左西右東枚舉值見4  
void    setTabShape(QTabWidget::TabShape shape)//設置tab的形狀，默認長方形，也可以像谷歌瀏覽器那樣，梯形，枚舉值見5  
void    setTabsClosable(bool closable)//默認否，設為true時，tab上方形成一個關閉小按鈕  
void    setTabsMovable(bool movable)//設置是否可移動，默認false,可移動時，可拖動tab在tabBar上移動，現在的瀏覽器大多有這樣的功能  
  
QList<QMdiSubWindow *>    subWindowList(WindowOrder order = CreationOrder) const  
QMdiSubWindow * currentSubWindow() const  
WindowOrder activationOrder() const  
QBrush  background() const  
bool    documentMode() const  
bool    testOption(AreaOption option) const  
QMdiSubWindow * activeSubWindow() const  
QTabWidget::TabPosition tabPosition() const  
QTabWidget::TabShape    tabShape() const  
bool    tabsClosable() const  
bool    tabsMovable() const  
ViewMode    viewMode() const  

Public Slots

void    activateNextSubWindow()  
void    activatePreviousSubWindow()  
void    cascadeSubWindows()  
void    closeActiveSubWindow()  
void    closeAllSubWindows()  
void    setActiveSubWindow(QMdiSubWindow * window)  
void    tileSubWindows()//將所有子窗口在area的可視部分排列整齊  

Signals

void    subWindowActivated(QMdiSubWindow * window)//切換激活的窗口時發出  

1，enum QMdiArea::WindowOrder

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiArea::CreationOrder	0	按創建時的先后順序
QMdiArea::StackingOrder	1	堆疊順序
QMdiArea::ActivationHistoryOrder	2	按激活歷史前后順序.

2，enum QMdiArea::AreaOption
flags QMdiArea::AreaOptions

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiArea::DontMaximizeSubWindowOnActivation	0x1	激活時不使它最大化，默認是最大化的

3，QMdiArea::ViewMode

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiArea::SubWindowView	0	以小窗口形式顯示(default).
QMdiArea::TabbedView	1	不僅可小窗口，而且形成tabBar

4，enum QTabWidget::TabPosition

Constant	Value	Description
QTabWidget::North	0	上方顯示
QTabWidget::South	1	下
QTabWidget::West	2	左
QTabWidget::East	3	右

5，enum QTabWidget::TabShape

Constant	Value	Description
QTabWidget::Rounded	0	字面是圓形，但win7上更像長方形，default
QTabWidget::Triangular	1	字面三角形，說它是梯形更好些

在以上代碼中修改，圖中是執行tileSubWindows()函數后的結果：

#include "mainwindow.h"  
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"  
#include <QSize>  
#include <QTabWidget>  
#include <QBrush>  
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :  
    QMainWindow(parent),  
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)  
{  
    ui->setupUi(this);  
    QBrush b=QBrush(QColor(30,30,30),Qt::FDiagPattern);  
    ui->mdiArea->setBackground(b);  
    ui->mdiArea->setViewMode(QMdiArea::TabbedView);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabPosition(QTabWidget::North);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabsClosable(true);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabsMovable(true);  
    ui->mdiArea->setTabShape(QTabWidget::Triangular);  
    ui->mdiArea->setOption(QMdiArea::DontMaximizeSubWindowOnActivation);  
  
    connect(ui->actionNew,SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(creatNewWin()));  
  
}  
  
void MainWindow::creatNewWin()  
{  
    mdiWin1=new QMdiSubWindow;  
    mdiWin1->setWindowTitle("未定");  
    ui->mdiArea->addSubWindow(mdiWin1);  
    mdiWin1->resize(QSize(200,200));  
    mdiWin1->show();  
}  
MainWindow::~MainWindow()  
{  
    delete ui;  
}  
  
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()  
{  
    ui->mdiArea->tileSubWindows();  
}  

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QMdiSubWindow

函數都比較簡單，列出如下：

   QMdiSubWindow(QWidget * parent = 0, Qt::WindowFlags flags = 0)  
    ~QMdiSubWindow()  
  
void    setKeyboardPageStep(int step)  
void    setKeyboardSingleStep(int step)  
void    setOption(SubWindowOption option, bool on = true)//未試效果，求補充，枚舉值見1  
void    setSystemMenu(QMenu * systemMenu).se.  
void    setWidget(QWidget * widget)//主要通過個函數添加它的小部件  
  
int keyboardPageStep() const  
int keyboardSingleStep() const  
QMdiArea *  mdiArea() const  
QMenu * systemMenu() const  
QWidget *   widget() const  
bool    testOption(SubWindowOption option) const  
bool    isShaded() const  

Public Slots

void	showShaded()
void	showSystemMenu()

Signals

void	aboutToActivate()
void	windowStateChanged(Qt::WindowStates oldState, Qt::WindowStates newState)

1，enum QMdiSubWindow::SubWindowOption

Constant	Value	Description
QMdiSubWindow::RubberBandResize	0x4	If you enable this option, a rubber band control is used to represent the subwindow's outline, and the user resizes this instead of the subwindow itself. As a result, the subwindow maintains its original position and size until the resize operation has been completed, at which time it will receive a single QResizeEvent. By default, this option is disabled.
QMdiSubWindow::RubberBandMove	0x8	If you enable this option, a rubber band control is used to represent the subwindow's outline, and the user moves this instead of the subwindow itself. As a result, the subwindow remains in its original position until the move operation has completed, at which time aQMoveEvent is sent to the window. By default, this option is disabled.