這是幫別人做項目遇到的一個問題，的那個是糾結了老長時間，本以為是一件很輕松的事。。。
首先，這里采用了OLE來對Excel進行操作，網上其實有大把的例子，雖然都可以運行，但是並不能滿足項目要求，其實我要實現的無非就是增查刪改功能。
與網上操作步驟一樣，首先就是去OFFICE里面將幾個重要的類添加進去。網上有一篇文章其實封裝的不錯了，只是沒有刪除與新建功能，這里添加了以上幾個功能。下面進入正題。
a. project->add class->MFC class from typelib （項目->添加類->Typelib中的MFC類）,來源里面請選擇“注冊表” 然后再可選擇的類型庫中選擇“Microsoft Excel ****”這樣容易不出錯。
b. 選中以下幾項_Application,_WorkSheet,_WorkBook,WorkSheets,WorkBooks,Range，然后導入；
c. 導入后自動在工程中添加CApplication,CWorkSheet,CWorkBook,CWorkSheets,CWorkBooks,CRange這些類；然后需要把這些類的頭文件中的第一句話 #import ".......EXCEL.EXE" nonamespace 刪除；
d.應用程序類CWinApp的InitInstance函數中調用AfxOleInit(); 來初始化COM組件，否則無法打開COM服務器
引入之后如果編譯遇到錯誤，Not enough actual parameters for macro 'DialogBoxW'. 讓人頭疼！
解決方法是在CRange類中，
VARIANT DialogBox()
{
VARIANT result;
InvokeHelper(0xf5, DISPATCH_METHOD, VT_VARIANT, (void*)&result, NULL);
return result;
}
DialogBox()前面添加下划線變成_DialogBox()，解決了！
下面就是對Excel操作的函數封裝了。
BasicExcelOperate.h
#pragma once //OLE的頭文件 #include "CRange.h" #include "CWorkbook.h" #include "CWorkbooks.h" #include "CWorksheet.h" #include "CWorksheets.h" #include "CApplication.h" /// ///用於OLE的方式的EXCEL讀寫， class IllusionExcelFile { public: //構造函數和析構函數 IllusionExcelFile(); virtual ~IllusionExcelFile(); void CreateExcelFile(CString filename); void ClearExcelValue(long iRow, long iColumn); protected: ///打開的EXCEL文件名稱 CString open_excel_file_; ///EXCEL BOOK集合，（多個文件時） CWorkbooks excel_books_; ///當前使用的BOOK，當前處理的文件 CWorkbook excel_work_book_; ///EXCEL的sheets集合 CWorksheets excel_sheets_; ///當前使用sheet CWorksheet excel_work_sheet_; ///當前的操作區域 CRange excel_current_range_; ///是否已經預加載了某個sheet的數據 BOOL already_preload_; ///Create the SAFEARRAY from the VARIANT ret. COleSafeArray ole_safe_array_; protected: ///EXCEL的進程實例 static CApplication excel_application_; public: /// void ShowInExcel(BOOL bShow); ///檢查一個CELL是否是字符串 BOOL IsCellString(long iRow, long iColumn); ///檢查一個CELL是否是數值 BOOL IsCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn); ///得到一個CELL的String CString GetCellString(long iRow, long iColumn); ///得到整數 int GetCellInt(long iRow, long iColumn); ///得到double的數據 double GetCellDouble(long iRow, long iColumn); ///取得行的總數 int GetRowCount(); ///取得列的總數 int GetColumnCount(); ///使用某個shet，shit，shit BOOL LoadSheet(long table_index,BOOL pre_load = FALSE); ///通過名稱使用某個sheet， BOOL LoadSheet(LPCTSTR sheet,BOOL pre_load = FALSE); ///通過序號取得某個Sheet的名稱 CString GetSheetName(long table_index); ///得到Sheet的總數 int GetSheetCount(); ///打開文件 BOOL OpenExcelFile(LPCTSTR file_name); ///關閉打開的Excel 文件，有時候打開EXCEL文件就要 void CloseExcelFile(BOOL if_save = FALSE); //另存為一個EXCEL文件 void SaveasXSLFile(const CString &xls_file); ///取得打開文件的名稱 CString GetOpenFileName(); ///取得打開sheet的名稱 CString GetLoadSheetName(); ///寫入一個CELL一個int void SetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn,int new_int); ///寫入一個CELL一個string void SetCellString(long irow, long icolumn,CString new_string); public: ///初始化EXCEL OLE static BOOL InitExcel(); ///釋放EXCEL的 OLE static void ReleaseExcel(); ///取得列的名稱，比如27->AA static char *GetColumnName(long iColumn); protected: //預先加載 void PreLoadSheet(); };
BasicExcelOperate.c
#include "MyExcel.h" COleVariant covTrue((short)TRUE), covFalse((short)FALSE), covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR); // CApplication IllusionExcelFile::excel_application_; IllusionExcelFile::IllusionExcelFile(): already_preload_(FALSE) { } IllusionExcelFile::~IllusionExcelFile() { // CloseExcelFile(); } //初始化EXCEL文件， BOOL IllusionExcelFile::InitExcel() { CoUninitialize(); if(CoInitialize(NULL)==S_FALSE) { AfxMessageBox(_T("初始化COM支持庫失敗！")); return FALSE; } //創建Excel 2000服務器(啟動Excel) if (!excel_application_.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"),NULL)) { AfxMessageBox(_T("創建Excel服務失敗,你可能沒有安裝EXCEL，請檢查!")); return FALSE; } excel_application_.put_DisplayAlerts(FALSE); return TRUE; } // void IllusionExcelFile::ReleaseExcel() { excel_application_.Quit(); excel_application_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_application_=NULL; } //打開excel文件 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::OpenExcelFile(LPCTSTR file_name) { //先關閉 CloseExcelFile(); //利用模板文件建立新文檔 excel_books_.AttachDispatch(excel_application_.get_Workbooks(),true); LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL; lpDis = excel_books_.Add(COleVariant(file_name)); if (lpDis) { excel_work_book_.AttachDispatch(lpDis); //得到Worksheets excel_sheets_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_book_.get_Worksheets(),true); //記錄打開的文件名稱 open_excel_file_ = file_name; return TRUE; } return FALSE; } //關閉打開的Excel 文件,默認情況不保存文件 void IllusionExcelFile::CloseExcelFile(BOOL if_save) { //如果已經打開，關閉文件 if (open_excel_file_.IsEmpty() == FALSE) { //如果保存,交給用戶控制,讓用戶自己存，如果自己SAVE，會出現莫名的等待 if (if_save) { ShowInExcel(TRUE); } else { // excel_work_book_.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)),COleVariant(open_excel_file_),covOptional); excel_books_.Close(); } //打開文件的名稱清空 open_excel_file_.Empty(); } excel_sheets_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_book_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_books_.ReleaseDispatch(); } void IllusionExcelFile::SaveasXSLFile(const CString &xls_file) { excel_work_book_.SaveAs(COleVariant(xls_file), covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, 0, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); return; } int IllusionExcelFile::GetSheetCount() { return excel_sheets_.get_Count(); } CString IllusionExcelFile::GetSheetName(long table_index) { CWorksheet sheet; sheet.AttachDispatch(excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant((long)table_index)),true); CString name = sheet.get_Name(); sheet.ReleaseDispatch(); return name; } //按照序號加載Sheet表格,可以提前加載所有的表格內部數據 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::LoadSheet(long table_index,BOOL pre_load) { LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL; excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch(); lpDis = excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant((long)table_index)); if (lpDis) { excel_work_sheet_.AttachDispatch(lpDis,true); excel_current_range_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_Cells(), true); } else { return FALSE; } already_preload_ = FALSE; //如果進行預先加載 if (pre_load) { PreLoadSheet(); already_preload_ = TRUE; } return TRUE; } //按照名稱加載Sheet表格,可以提前加載所有的表格內部數據 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::LoadSheet(LPCTSTR sheet,BOOL pre_load) { LPDISPATCH lpDis = NULL; excel_current_range_.ReleaseDispatch(); excel_work_sheet_.ReleaseDispatch(); lpDis = excel_sheets_.get_Item(COleVariant(sheet)); if (lpDis) { excel_work_sheet_.AttachDispatch(lpDis,true); excel_current_range_.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_Cells(), true); } else { return FALSE; } // already_preload_ = FALSE; //如果進行預先加載 if (pre_load) { already_preload_ = TRUE; PreLoadSheet(); } return TRUE; } //得到列的總數 int IllusionExcelFile::GetColumnCount() { CRange range; CRange usedRange; usedRange.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(), true); range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Columns(), true); int count = range.get_Count(); usedRange.ReleaseDispatch(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); return count; } //得到行的總數 int IllusionExcelFile::GetRowCount() { CRange range; CRange usedRange; usedRange.AttachDispatch(excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(), true); range.AttachDispatch(usedRange.get_Rows(), true); int count = range.get_Count(); usedRange.ReleaseDispatch(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); return count; } //檢查一個CELL是否是字符串 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::IsCellString(long irow, long icolumn) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); COleVariant vResult =range.get_Value2(); //VT_BSTR標示字符串 if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR) { return TRUE; } return FALSE; } //檢查一個CELL是否是數值 BOOL IllusionExcelFile::IsCellInt(long irow, long icolumn) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); COleVariant vResult =range.get_Value2(); //好像一般都是VT_R8 if(vResult.vt == VT_INT || vResult.vt == VT_R8) { return TRUE; } return FALSE; } // CString IllusionExcelFile::GetCellString(long irow, long icolumn) { COleVariant vResult ; CString str; //字符串 if (already_preload_ == FALSE) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); vResult =range.get_Value2(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); } //如果數據依據預先加載了 else { long read_address[2]; VARIANT val; read_address[0] = irow; read_address[1] = icolumn; ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val); vResult = val; } if(vResult.vt == VT_BSTR) { str=vResult.bstrVal; } //整數 else if (vResult.vt==VT_INT) { str.Format(_T("%d"),vResult.pintVal); } //8字節的數字 else if (vResult.vt==VT_R8) { str.Format(_T("%0.0f"),vResult.dblVal); } //時間格式 else if(vResult.vt==VT_DATE) { SYSTEMTIME st; VariantTimeToSystemTime(vResult.date, &st); CTime tm(st); str=tm.Format("%Y-%m-%d"); } //單元格空的 else if(vResult.vt==VT_EMPTY) { str=""; } return str; } double IllusionExcelFile::GetCellDouble(long irow, long icolumn) { double rtn_value = 0; COleVariant vresult; //字符串 if (already_preload_ == FALSE) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); vresult =range.get_Value2(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); } //如果數據依據預先加載了 else { long read_address[2]; VARIANT val; read_address[0] = irow; read_address[1] = icolumn; ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val); vresult = val; } if (vresult.vt==VT_R8) { rtn_value = vresult.dblVal; } return rtn_value; } //VT_R8 int IllusionExcelFile::GetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn) { int num; COleVariant vresult; if (already_preload_ == FALSE) { CRange range; range.AttachDispatch(excel_current_range_.get_Item (COleVariant((long)irow),COleVariant((long)icolumn)).pdispVal, true); vresult = range.get_Value2(); range.ReleaseDispatch(); } else { long read_address[2]; VARIANT val; read_address[0] = irow; read_address[1] = icolumn; ole_safe_array_.GetElement(read_address, &val); vresult = val; } // num = static_cast<int>(vresult.dblVal); return num; } void IllusionExcelFile::SetCellString(long irow, long icolumn,CString new_string) { COleVariant new_value(new_string); CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional); CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)irow -1),COleVariant((long)icolumn -1) ); write_range.put_Value2(new_value); start_range.ReleaseDispatch(); write_range.ReleaseDispatch(); } void IllusionExcelFile::SetCellInt(long irow, long icolumn,int new_int) { COleVariant new_value((long)new_int); CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional); CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)irow -1),COleVariant((long)icolumn -1) ); write_range.put_Value2(new_value); start_range.ReleaseDispatch(); write_range.ReleaseDispatch(); } // void IllusionExcelFile::ShowInExcel(BOOL bShow) { excel_application_.put_Visible(bShow); excel_application_.put_UserControl(bShow); } //返回打開的EXCEL文件名稱 CString IllusionExcelFile::GetOpenFileName() { return open_excel_file_; } //取得打開sheet的名稱 CString IllusionExcelFile::GetLoadSheetName() { return excel_work_sheet_.get_Name(); } //取得列的名稱，比如27->AA char *IllusionExcelFile::GetColumnName(long icolumn) { static char column_name[64]; size_t str_len = 0; while(icolumn > 0) { int num_data = icolumn % 26; icolumn /= 26; if (num_data == 0) { num_data = 26; icolumn--; } column_name[str_len] = (char)((num_data-1) + 'A' ); str_len ++; } column_name[str_len] = '\0'; //反轉 _strrev(column_name); return column_name; } //預先加載 void IllusionExcelFile::PreLoadSheet() { CRange used_range; used_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_UsedRange(); VARIANT ret_ary = used_range.get_Value2(); if (!(ret_ary.vt & VT_ARRAY)) { return; } // ole_safe_array_.Clear(); ole_safe_array_.Attach(ret_ary); } void IllusionExcelFile::ClearExcelValue(long iRow, long iColumn) { CRange start_range = excel_work_sheet_.get_Range(COleVariant(_T("A1")),covOptional); CRange write_range = start_range.get_Offset(COleVariant((long)iRow -1),COleVariant((long)iColumn -1) ); write_range.Clear(); start_range.ReleaseDispatch(); write_range.ReleaseDispatch(); } void IllusionExcelFile::CreateExcelFile(CString filename) { CApplication app; CWorkbook book; CWorkbooks books; CWorksheet sheet; CWorksheets sheets; CRange range; CFont font; CRange cols; LPDISPATCH lpDisp; COleVariant covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND,VT_ERROR); if (!app.CreateDispatch(_T("Excel.Application"))) { AfxMessageBox(_T("無法創建Excel應用！")); } books = app.get_Workbooks(); //打開Excel，其中pathname為Excel表的路徑名 book = books.Add(covOptional); sheets = book.get_Worksheets(); book.SaveAs(COleVariant(filename), covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, 0, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); book.Close(COleVariant(short(FALSE)),COleVariant(filename),covOptional); books.Close(); //app.put_UserControl(TRUE); range.ReleaseDispatch(); sheet.ReleaseDispatch(); sheets.ReleaseDispatch(); book.ReleaseDispatch(); books.ReleaseDispatch(); app.ReleaseDispatch(); }
最后編譯時可能會提示你忘記添加#include "StdAfx.h"，只要在 BasicExcelOperate.c文件的最上方添加#include "StdAfx.h"，就可以了
參考：http://blog.csdn.net/superbfly/article/details/18040445