WCF初探-9：WCF服務承載 (下)

在WCF初探-8：WCF服務承載 (上)中，我們對宿主的概念、環境、特點做了文字性的介紹和概括，接下來我們將通過實例對這幾種寄宿方式進行介紹。為了更好的說明各寄宿環境特點，本實例采用Http和net.tcp兩種服務通訊方式，同時寄宿在不同的宿主中。程序結構如下：

服務契約的接口和實現代碼如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Service
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IServiceCalculator
    {
        [OperationContract]
        double Add(double n1, double n2);
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Service
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IServiceMessage
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string ReturnMessage();
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Service
{
    public class ServiceCalculator:IServiceCalculator
    {
        public double Add(double n1, double n2)
        {
            return n1 + n2;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace Service
{
    public class ServiceMessage:IServiceMessage
    {
        public string ReturnMessage()
        {
            return "調用服務計算結果如下";
        }
    }
}

 在 IIS 中承載 WCF 服務和WAS 中承載 WCF 服務

　　1.  完成IISHost代碼

• 引用Service程序集
• 添加ServiceCalculator.svc新文件，代碼如下

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true"  Service="Service.ServiceCalculator" %>

•  添加ServiceCalculator.svc新文件，代碼如下

<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Service.ServiceMessage" %>

•   配置服務文件代碼如下，這里我將配置兩個服務一個是ServiceMessage用於Http通訊，一個是ServiceCalculator用於net.tcp通訊，如果不清楚服務配置，請參照WCF初探-6：WCF服務配置和WCF初探-7：WCF服務配置工具使用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.serviceModel>
      <services>
        <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
          <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" />
          <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        </service>

        <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
          <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" />
          <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        </service>
      </services>

      <bindings>
        <netTcpBinding>
          <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true">
            <security mode="None" />
          </binding>
        </netTcpBinding>
      </bindings>

      <behaviors>
          <serviceBehaviors>
              <behavior name="mexBehavior">
                  <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
                  <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
              </behavior>
          </serviceBehaviors>
      </behaviors>
      
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

　　2.  寄宿服務

• 生成IISHost程序，將bin文件目錄、ServiceCalculator.svc、ServiceMessage.svc、Web.config拷貝到新建的WCFHost文件夾中
• 新建網站配置該程序以便承載服務。
• 

• 點擊IIS菜單的應用程序池，找到WCFHost程序池，將.net framework版本設置為v4.0,托管管道模式設置為集成 

• 在瀏覽器中輸入http://localhost:1234/ServiceMessage.svc可以看到服務發布成功

• 
• 在瀏覽器中輸入http://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator.svc可以看到服務寄宿失敗
• 

　　這是因為ServiceCalculator.svc啟用的是net.tcp通訊，而在IIS中啟用net.tcp通訊就必須依靠Windows 進程激活服務（也稱為 WAS）

• 要使用WAS寄宿程序，就需要配置幾個地方

　　　　在控制面板->程序和功能->打開或關閉windows功能勾選以下幾個功能,安裝WCF 激活組件

　　　　　　　　

　　　　配置承載服務的WCFHost網站，添加net.tcp通訊。

　　　　

　　　　點擊網站的高級設置，在已啟用的協議后追加net.tcp協議

　　　　

• 在瀏覽器中重新輸入http://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator.svc，可以看到服務寄宿成功
• 

　　3.　客戶端驗證服務

• 啟動Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，輸入wcftestclient命令調用WCF服務測試客戶端
• 

 

 在托管應用程序中承載 WCF 服務

　　1. 完成AppHost代碼

• 添加對service程序集的引用，配置文件App.config代碼如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>

      <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
            <baseAddresses>
              <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/"/>
              <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator"/>
            </baseAddresses>
          </host>
         <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" >
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>

    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true" >
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

• Program.cs代碼如下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Service;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace AppHost
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                ServiceHost MessageHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceMessage));
                ServiceHost CalculatorHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceCalculator));

                MessageHost.Open();
                CalculatorHost.Open();
                Console.WriteLine("服務已經啟動。。。");
                Console.ReadLine();
                MessageHost.Close();
                CalculatorHost.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                Console.Read();
            }



        }
    }
}

　　2.  寄宿服務

•  生成AppHost工程，找到bin目錄下的AppHost.exe,點擊運行，查看到服務寄宿成功
• 

　　3.  客戶端驗證服務

•  啟動Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，輸入wcftestclient命令調用WCF服務測試客戶端。分別添加服務地址：

　　　　http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/

　　　　http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/

　　

 

 在托管 Windows 服務中承載 WCF 服務　　

　　1.  完成NTHost代碼

•  添加windows服務程序services1.cs，在設計界面上單擊右鍵添加安裝程序ProjectInstaller.cs，在ProjectInstaller.cs設計界面上有serviceProcessInstaller1和serviceInstaller1兩個安裝組件，分別設置他們的屬性
• 

• 添加配置文件App.config代碼,代碼如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>

      <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior">
        <host>
            <baseAddresses>
              <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/"/>
              <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator"/>
            </baseAddresses>
          </host>
         <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" >
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>

    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true" >
          <security mode="None" />
        </binding>
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mexBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

• Service1.cs代碼如下：

using System.ServiceProcess;
using Service;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace NTHost
{
    public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase
    {
        public Service1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }


        ServiceHost MessageHost = null;
        ServiceHost CalculatorHost = null;

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            MessageHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceMessage));
            CalculatorHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceCalculator));

            MessageHost.Open();
            CalculatorHost.Open();
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
            MessageHost.Close();
            CalculatorHost.Close();

            MessageHost = null;
            CalculatorHost = null;
        }
    }
}

　　2.  寄宿服務

• 生成NTHost工程，安裝windows服務程序NTHost.exe，在命令行中輸入

　　Cd C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319，回車后輸入installutil.exe 程序生成的bin目錄絕對地址\NTHost.exe –i，回車后安裝服務程序，程序注冊成功后啟動服務。

      在開始菜單輸入services.msc命令，打開服務管理程序將NTServiceHost服務設置為啟動

　　

　　3.  客戶端驗證服務

• 　啟動Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，輸入wcftestclient命令調用WCF服務測試客戶端。分別添加服務地址：

　　　　http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/

　　　　http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/