QAxObject對COM對象進行了封裝,QAxObject派生自QAxBase,而后者提供了一組API通過IUnknown(不清楚IUnknown的同學可以去看看COM對象模型)指針直接訪問COM對象,我們這里講的excel也是一個COM對象,因此我們可以通過QAxObject來操作它,為了便於理解,我們首先了解一下excel的對象的主要層次結構:
上圖是excel對象的層次結構,1個excel就有1個Application對象,1個Application對象由多個Workbook對象組成,這些Workbook對象由Workbooks對象統一管理,Workbook對象下可以包含若干個Worksheet,這些Worksheet對象也有一個WorkSheets對象來統一管理,接下來是Range對象,這個對象就對應Worksheet里的表格單元了,好了大家應該清楚了Excel的對象的主要層次結構了吧.
下面我們來看看QAxObject是怎么來導出excel的:
1.新建一個excel
QAxObject *pApplication = NULL;
QAxObject *pWorkBooks = NULL;
QAxObject *pWorkBook = NULL;
QAxObject *pSheets = NULL;
QAxObject *pSheet = NULL;
void newExcel(const QString &fileName)
{
pApplication = new QAxObject();
pApplication->setControl("Excel.Application");//連接Excel控件
pApplication->dynamicCall("SetVisible(bool)", false);//false不顯示窗體
pApplication->setProperty("DisplayAlerts", false);//不顯示任何警告信息。
pWorkBooks = pApplication->querySubObject("Workbooks");
QFile file(fileName);
if (file.exists())
{
pWorkBook = pWorkBooks->querySubObject("Open(const QString &)", fileName);
}
else
{
pWorkBooks->dynamicCall("Add");
pWorkBook = pApplication->querySubObject("ActiveWorkBook");
}
pSheets = pWorkBook->querySubObject("Sheets");
pSheet = pSheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", 1);
}
2.增加1個Worksheet
void appendSheet(const QString &sheetName)
{
QAxObject *pLastSheet = pSheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", cnt);
pSheets->querySubObject("Add(QVariant)", pLastSheet->asVariant());
pSheet = pSheets->querySubObject("Item(int)", cnt);
pLastSheet->dynamicCall("Move(QVariant)", pSheet->asVariant());
pSheet->setProperty("Name", sheetName);
}
3.向Excel單元格中寫入數據
void setCellValue(int row, int column, const QString &value)
{
QAxObject *pRange = pSheet->querySubObject("Cells(int,int)", row, column);
range->dynamicCall("Value", value);
}
4.保存Excel
void saveExcel(constQString &fileName)
{
pWorkBook->dynamicCall("SaveAs(const QString &)",
QDir::toNativeSeparators(fileName));
}
5.釋放Excel
void freeExcel()
{
if (pApplication != NULL)
{
pApplication->dynamicCall("Quit()");
delete pApplication;
pApplication = NULL;
}
}