多任務定時器

本文轉載自查看原文 2015-02-11 16:04 1433 定時器、定時處理、定時發送

　　　來到園子有些時間了，一直關注着園子里大牛的帖子。作為一個走人社會2年的猿，也一直幻想着有一天能技術牛一回，升職加薪。春節快到了，老板也不給發年終，尾牙也沒有，連出差的報銷一直卡在老板那一個多月了也沒有結果。這些就都不說了，這些都不是重點。重點是今天是鄙人博客園開篇的日子，分享一下自己的想法，願大家多多指教。

　　　最近，公司正在開發智能家居項目。作為還是一名涉世不深的猿，還沒有什么資質討論架子，這種高大上的問題，就討論一下小功能的實現。

場景再現：

在智能家居項目中，經常有定時檢查家居狀態的需求。如：凈水器濾芯過期警告。要求每天12:00檢測，所有再用凈水器濾芯使用時長。如果過期，就向用戶手機推送濾芯過期警告。

功能需求

在此將每個定時處理動作叫做任務（Task）
由於項目中這樣的任務不唯一，要允許多任務定時執行
任務可以通過簡單配置便可以運行，配置中指定任務執行內容，定時信息

設計思路

用兩條線程來實現這樣的功能，1條線程充當調度者（Dispatcher），1條線程充當執行者（Executor）。
調度者循環獲取當前執行的任務，交給執行者執行。
任務按當前任務執行時間排序，調度者每次調度第一個任務，修改任務最后執行時間，從而修改下次循環任務執行時間。

實現

　　ITask 接口，任務具體實現需繼承該接口

namespace IHUserService.TaskExecutor
{
    public interface ITask
    {
        void Execute(object state);
    }
}

TaskContent 包含一些任務執行所需的信息

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;

namespace IHUserService.TaskExecutor
{
    [Serializable]
    public partial class TaskContent : IComparable, ICloneable
    {
        private string[] partialExecuteTimes;
        private List<DateTime> tempExecuteTimes = new List<DateTime>();
        public DateTime? StartTime { get; set; }

        public DateTime? LastStartTime { get; set; }

        public TimeSpan Interval { get; set; }

        public bool IsRepeat { get; set; }

        public ITask Task { get; private set; }

        public DateTime? CurrentExecuteTime { get; set; }
        public string ExcuteTimeFormat { get; set; }

        private string assemblyType;
        public string AssemblyType
        {
            get
            {
                return assemblyType;
            }
            set
            {
                assemblyType = value;
                string[] assembly = value.Split(',');
                Task = Assembly.Load(assembly[1]).CreateInstance(assembly[0]) as ITask;
            }
        }

        private string excuteTime;
        public string ExcuteTime
        {
            get
            {
                return excuteTime;
            }
            set
            {
                excuteTime = value;
                partialExecuteTimes = excuteTime.Split("|".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
            }
        }



        public int CompareTo(object obj)
        {
            var nextTask = obj as TaskContent;
            DateTime t1 = GetExcuteTime();
            DateTime t2 = nextTask.GetExcuteTime();
            return t1.CompareTo(t2);
        }

        public DateTime GetExcuteTime()
        {
            return GetNextExcuteTime(false);
        }
        public DateTime GetNextExcuteTime(bool removeTemp = true)
        {
            if (StartTime.HasValue && Interval != null)
            {
                return LastStartTime.HasValue ? LastStartTime.Value.Add(Interval) : StartTime.Value;
            }
            else if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ExcuteTimeFormat) && !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ExcuteTime))
            {
                if (tempExecuteTimes.Count == 0)
                {
                    LastStartTime = LastStartTime.HasValue ? LastStartTime.Value : DateTime.Now;
                    int year = 0, month = 0, day = 0, hour = 0, minute = 0, second = 0;
                    int incrementYear = 0, incrementMonth = 0, incrementDay = 0, incrementHour = 0, incrementMinute = 0;

                    foreach (var value in partialExecuteTimes)
                    {
                        switch (ExcuteTimeFormat)
                        {
                            case "MMdd hh:mm:ss"://每年的MM月1日 00時 00分 00 秒執行
                                year = LastStartTime.Value.Year;
                                month = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(0, 2));
                                day = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(2, 2));
                                hour = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(5, 2));
                                minute = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(8, 2));
                                second = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(11, 2));
                                incrementYear = 1;
                                break;
                            case "dd hh:mm:ss":
                                year = LastStartTime.Value.Year;
                                month = LastStartTime.Value.Month;
                                day = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(0, 2));
                                hour = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(3, 2));
                                minute = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(6, 2));
                                second = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(9, 2));
                                incrementMonth = 1;
                                break;
                            case "hh:mm:ss":
                                year = LastStartTime.Value.Year;
                                month = LastStartTime.Value.Month;
                                day = LastStartTime.Value.Day;
                                hour = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(0, 2));
                                minute = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(3, 2));
                                second = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(6, 2));
                                incrementDay = 1;
                                break;
                            case "mm:ss":
                                year = LastStartTime.Value.Year;
                                month = LastStartTime.Value.Month;
                                day = LastStartTime.Value.Day;
                                hour = LastStartTime.Value.Hour;
                                minute = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(0, 2));
                                second = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(3, 2));
                                incrementHour = 1;
                                break;
                            case "ss":
                                year = LastStartTime.Value.Year;
                                month = LastStartTime.Value.Month;
                                day = LastStartTime.Value.Day;
                                hour = LastStartTime.Value.Hour;
                                minute = LastStartTime.Value.Minute;
                                second = Convert.ToInt32(value.Substring(0, 2));
                                incrementMinute = 1;
                                break;
                            default:
                                throw new Exception("IHUserService.TaskExecutor 配置錯誤！");
                        }
                        var dt = new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second);
                        if (LastStartTime.HasValue && dt.CompareTo(LastStartTime.Value) < 1)
                        {
                            dt = dt.AddYears(incrementYear);
                            dt = dt.AddMonths(incrementMonth);
                            dt = dt.AddDays(incrementDay);
                            dt = dt.AddHours(incrementHour);
                            dt = dt.AddMinutes(incrementMinute);
                        }
                        tempExecuteTimes.Add(dt);
                    }
                }
                tempExecuteTimes.Sort();
                var result = tempExecuteTimes.FirstOrDefault();
                if (removeTemp)
                {
                    tempExecuteTimes.Remove(result);
                    CurrentExecuteTime = result;
                }
                return result;
            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception("IHUserService.TaskExecutor 配置錯誤！");
            }
        }

        public object Clone()
        {
            return new TaskContent()
            {
                AssemblyType = this.AssemblyType,
                CurrentExecuteTime = this.CurrentExecuteTime,
                ExcuteTime = this.ExcuteTime,
                ExcuteTimeFormat = this.ExcuteTimeFormat,
                Interval = this.Interval,
                IsRepeat = this.IsRepeat,
                LastStartTime = this.LastStartTime,
                partialExecuteTimes = this.partialExecuteTimes,
                StartTime = this.StartTime,
                tempExecuteTimes = this.tempExecuteTimes
            };
        }
    }
}

3.TaskCollection

using RestSharp.Serializers;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace IHUserService.TaskExecutor
{
    [Serializable]
    public class TaskCollection : List<TaskContent>
    {
        public TaskContent GetNextTask() 獲取下次執行的任務
        {
            this.Sort();
            Current = this[0];
            if (!Current.IsRepeat)
            {
                this.Remove(Current);
            }
            return Current;
        }

        public TaskContent Current { get; set; }   //當前執行的任務

        public void LoadXmlConfigAppandToList(string file)  //加載Xml配置
        {
            var xs = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(TaskCollection));
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(file);
            var config = xs.Deserialize(sr) as TaskCollection;
            sr.Close();
            foreach (var item in config)
            {
                Add(item);
            }
        }

        public void LoadAppConfigAppandToList() //加載Congfig 配置
        {
            var values = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["TaskExecutor.TaskCollection"].Split(",".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
            foreach (var str in values)
            {
                var settings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["TaskExecutor.TaskContent." + str].Split(",".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
                var task = new TaskContent() { ExcuteTime = settings[1], AssemblyType = settings[2] + "," + settings[3], ExcuteTimeFormat = settings[0], IsRepeat = true };
                Add(task);
            }
        }
    }
}

4.TaskCenter

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace IHUserService.TaskExecutor
{
    public class TaskCenter
    {
        public TaskCollection Tasks { get; set; }

        public bool IsRun { get; set; }
        public void ExecuteTasks()//啟動任務執行器
        {
            Tasks = new TaskCollection();
            Tasks.LoadAppConfigAppandToList();
            IsRun = true;
            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(Dispatcher), null);
        }

        public void Stop()
        {
            IsRun = false;
        }
        private void Dispatcher(object state) //處理調度
        {
            var ts0 = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
            while (IsRun)
            {
                Tasks.GetNextTask();
                var content = Tasks.Current;
                var taskTime = content.GetNextExcuteTime();
                content.LastStartTime = taskTime;
                var ts = taskTime - DateTime.Now;
                if (ts > ts0)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(ts);
                }
                ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(content.Task.Execute), Tasks.Current.Clone());//執行任務
            }
        }
    }
}

5.調用

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TaskCenter center = new TaskCenter();
            center.ExecuteTasks();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    public class TestTask : ITask
    {
        string id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
        public void Execute(object state)
        {
            var a = state as TaskContent;
            Console.WriteLine(id + "本次預定執行時間:" + a.CurrentExecuteTime.Value.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ffffzzz"));
            Console.WriteLine(id + "當前系統時間    :" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ffffzzz"));
        }
    }

Config配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <clear/>
    <add key="TaskExecutor.TaskCollection" value="testtask,0003"/>
    <add key="TaskExecutor.TaskContent.testtask" value="ss,00|00|00|07|10|30,ConsoleApplication1.TestTask,ConsoleApplication1"/>
    <add key="TaskExecutor.TaskContent.0003" value="ss,05,ConsoleApplication1.TestTask,ConsoleApplication1"/>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

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