Maven 學習筆記——將普通的Java項目轉換成Maven項目（3）

         將一個普通的java項目轉換成Maven項目並不是一個很大的任務，僅僅只需要下面的幾步就能將轉換成功。下面我是用一個簡單的Selenium測試小demon作為例子來說的。

1. 移調項目中所有關聯的Libraries
2. 將Selenium項目轉換成Maven項目
3. 增加Maven依賴庫到項目中
4. 創建Maven的測試文件夾架構

Step1：移調項目中所有關聯的Libraries

      選中你需要轉換的Project:Build Path > Configure Build Path

 

Step2： 將Selenium項目轉換成Maven項目

     1) 右鍵需轉換的項目，Configure > Convert Maven Project

     2) 要求填入Group ID和Artifact ID，這個不需要改變，用默認項目提供的

 

   3) 轉換成功后，該項目在Eclipse中的結構變成下面這樣

 

                  

                    沒轉換前的結構                                                                               轉換后的結構

 

Step3：增加Maven依賴庫到項目中

        現在我們就需要將項目中所需要的依賴包加到本地中心源中，我就針對這個項目來說，我們知道我們現在缺少Selenium jar包，junit jar包等等。

1） 到 http://www.mvnrepository.com/ 上面查找Selenium

2） 點擊Selenium Java

3） 選擇你所需要使用的Selenium的版本

4） 關於Selenium在Maven中信息就會顯示出來，然后將這些信息加到pom.xml中

5) 將Selenium的dependency的信息加到pom.xml，可以在Dependencies以流程的方式添加進去，保存，這個時候會下載相關的依賴包到本地源中心中。（需要一點時間，有任何問題，可以參考之前Maven（1）中提到，解決問題）

6）直接在pom.xml中將查詢到的信息拷貝到xml文件中，保存。

7）等待依賴包被下載完后，所有的錯誤就會解決

 

Step4 創建Maven的測試文件夾架構

接下來就是檢驗真理的時候，看這個轉換的Selenium項目能否跑起來，選擇pom.xml > Run As > Maven Test 結果-----------測試用例沒有被執行，這是為什么呢？仔細看看log，發現Maven默認是在\src\main\resource這個路徑下找的源代碼資源，測試源代碼是在\src\test\resources 。

輸出結果為：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building MavenConvertDemon1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.999 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-02-06T16:22:09+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 6M/15M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

那么現在的目的就是怎么自定義Maven的目錄結構？

下面這個代碼是把源代碼設置成src目錄下，把測試的源代碼放在src/test下面，這樣修改后就解決剛才的問題了，測試就跑起來了。這樣一個Selenium項目就轉換成Maven項目了。

<build>
    <sourceDirectory>src/</sourceDirectory>
 
    <testSourceDirectory>src/test</testSourceDirectory>
</build>

成功后的輸出結果：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building MavenConvertDemon1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding Cp1252, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\target\test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ MavenConvertDemon1 ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: D:\Junit\MavenConvertDemon1\target\surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running test.TestSeleniumDemon1
Feb 6, 2015 4:32:55 PM org.openqa.selenium.os.UnixProcess$SeleniumWatchDog destroyHarder
INFO: Command failed to close cleanly. Destroying forcefully (v2). org.openqa.selenium.os.UnixProcess$SeleniumWatchDog@9ffe3f
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 31.452 sec

Results :

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 38.029 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-02-06T16:32:57+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/26M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

PS；附一張Maven的標准目錄結構：

                                                            

 

 

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WHOOOOSHHHHHHHHHHHH…………

Blimey what was that?

That was your life mate

Oh, I was not quite ready. Can I have another go?

Sorry mate, only one per person.