前面了解了典型的AOP基於配置的使用方法,下面介紹下如何依賴於注解來實現AOP。
基於注解降低了配置文件的復雜程度,但是引入了程序間的耦合,其中的優劣待用戶自己判斷了。
需要注意的是,確定AspectJ與JDK之間的版本,否則會報錯,詳情請見。
首先看一下基於注解的切面類,這時的切面不僅僅是一個POJO類了,與AOP進行了緊密的耦合。但是配置過程和方式都與原來的方式差不多。
package com.spring.test.chap44; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component @Aspect public class Audience { @Pointcut("execution(* com.spring.test.chap44.Instrumentalist.perform(..))") public void performance(){} @Before("performance()") public void takeSeats(){ System.out.println("takeSeats()"); } @Before("performance()") public void turnOffCellphones(){ System.out.println("turnOffCellphones()"); } @AfterReturning("performance()") public void applaud(){ System.out.println("applaud()"); } @AfterThrowing("performance()") public void demandRefund(){ System.out.println("demandRefund()"); } }
接下來是其他一些必不可少的類:
切點接口類:
package com.spring.test.chap44; public interface Performer { public void perform(); }
切點實現類:
package com.spring.test.chap44; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Instrumentalist implements Performer{ public void perform() { System.out.println("__________ perform ___________"); } }
測試類:
package com.spring.test.chap44; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); Performer performer = (Performer)ctx.getBean("xingoo"); performer.perform(); } }
下面是重點的配置文件
此時的配置文件注意要使spring知道哪一個是普通的bean,哪一個是通知。因此需要加上一個屬性,保證AOP自動的識別通知。
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
配置文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="xingoo" class="com.spring.test.chap44.Instrumentalist"/> <bean id="audience" class="com.spring.test.chap44.Audience" /> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/> </beans>
執行結果如下:
turnOffCellphones()
takeSeats()
__________ perform ___________
applaud()
如果需要使用around只需要在切面中添加如下的代碼就可以了:
@Around("performance()") public void watchPerformance(ProceedingJoinPoint joinpoint){ try{ System.out.println("11111"); long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); joinpoint.proceed(); long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("time—— "+(end-start)+" millinseconds"); System.out.println("22222"); }catch(Throwable t){ System.out.println("in watchPerformance Throwable()"); } }
對於參數的傳遞的通知,也與原先通過配置的差不多
在切面中配置好切點的方法,注意帶上參數
private String str; @Pointcut("execution(* com.spring.test.chap44.Instrumentalist.perform(String)) && args(str)") public void performance(String str){} @Before("performance(str)") public void takeSeats(String str){ System.out.println("takeSeats()"+str); }
其他的基本都不用動了,只要把切點的方法,修改成帶有參數的就可以了
public class Instrumentalist implements Performer{ public void perform(String str) { System.out.println("__________ perform ___________" + str); } }