MyBatis的動態SQL是基於OGNL表達式的,它可以幫助我們方便的在SQL語句中實現某些邏輯。
MyBatis中用於實現動態SQL的元素主要有:
- if
- choose(when,otherwise)
- trim
- where
- set
- foreach
<select id="findAllInfosCount" resultType="int"> select count(*) from student where 1=1 <if test="name != null and name != ''"> and NAME like CONCAT('%','${name}','%')</if> <if test="gender != null and gender != ''"> and GENDER = #{gender}</if> <if test="course != null and course != ''"> and COURSE = #{course}</if> <if test="examdate != null and examdate != ''"> and EXAMDATE between #{examdate}</if> </select> <select id="findAllInfos" parameterType="com.cib.yypt.sample.vo.StudentVO" resultMap="studentMap"> select STUDENTZJ,STUDENTID,NAME,GENDER,COURSE,SCORE,EXAMDATE from student where 1=1 <if test="name != null and name != ''"> and NAME like CONCAT('%','${name}','%')</if> <if test="gender != null and gender != ''"> and GENDER = #{gender}</if> <if test="course != null and course != ''"> and COURSE = #{course}</if> <if test="examdate != null and examdate != ''"> and EXAMDATE between #{examdate}</if> </select>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.cib.studentmanagement.dao.IStudentDao"> <resultMap id="khxxCxMap" type="com.cib.studentmanagement.vo.StudentVO"> <id column="STUDENTZJ" property="studentzj" /> <result column="STUDENTID" property="studentid" /> <result column="NAME" property="name" /> <result column="GENDER" property="gender" /> <result column="COURSE" property="course" /> <result column="SCORE" property="score" /> <result column="EXAMDATE" property="examdate" /> </resultMap> <select id="findAllInfosCount" resultType="int"> select count(*) from student where 1=1 <if test="studentid != null and studentid != ''"> and STUDENTID = #{studentid}</if> <if test="name != null and name != ''"> and NAME like ${name}</if> <if test="gender != null and gender != ''"> and GENDER = #{gender}</if> <if test="course != null and course != ''"> and COURSE = #{course}</if> <if test="score_min != null and score_min != ''"> and SCORE >= #{score_min}</if> <if test="score_max != null and score_max != ''"> and SCORE <![CDATA[<=]]> #{score_max}</if> <if test="examdate != null and examdate != ''"> and EXAMDATE = #{examdate}</if> </select> <select id="findAllInfos" parameterType="com.cib.studentmanagement.vo.StudentVO" resultMap="studentMap"> select STUDENTZJ,STUDENTID,NAME,GENDER,COURSE,SCORE,EXAMDATE from student where 1=1 <if test="studentid != null and studentid != ''"> and STUDENTID = #{studentid}</if> <if test="name != null and name != ''"> and NAME like ${name}</if> <if test="gender != null and gender != ''"> and GENDER = #{gender}</if> <if test="course != null and course != ''"> and COURSE = #{course}</if> <if test="score_min != null and score_min != ''"> and SCORE >= #{score_min}</if> <if test="score_max != null and score_max != ''"> and SCORE <![CDATA[<=]]> #{score_max}</if> <if test="examdate != null and examdate != ''"> and EXAMDATE = #{examdate}</if> </select> <insert id="save" parameterType="com.cib.studentmanagement.vo.StudentVO"> INSERT INTO student (STUDENTZJ,STUDENTID,NAME,GENDER,COURSE,SCORE,EXAMDATE) values (#{studentzj,jdbcType=CHAR},#{studentid,jdbcType=CHAR},#{name,jdbcType=VARCHAR},#{gender,jdbcType=CHAR},
#{course,jdbcType=VARCHAR},#{score,jdbcType=DOUBLE},#{examdate,jdbcType=TIMESTAMP}) </insert> <update id="update" parameterType="com.cib.studentmanagement.vo.StudentVO"> update student <trim prefix="SET" suffixOverrides=","> <if test="studentzj != null"> STUDENTZJ = #{studentzj},</if> <if test="studentid != null"> STUDENTID = #{studentid},</if> <if test="name != null"> NAME = #{name},</if> <if test="gender != null"> GENDER = #{gender},</if> <if test="course != null"> COURSE = #{course},</if> <if test="score != null"> SCORE = #{score},</if> <if test="examdate != null"> EXAMDATE = #{examdate},</if> </trim> where <trim prefix="" suffixOverrides="AND"> <if test="studentzj != null">STUDENTZJ = #{studentzj} AND </if> </trim> </update> <delete id="delete" parameterType="com.cib.studentmanagement.vo.StudentVO"> delete from student <trim prefix="WHERE" prefixOverrides="AND"> <if test="studentzj != null"> AND STUDENTZJ = #{studentzj}</if> </trim> </delete> </mapper>
choose元素的作用就相當於JAVA中的switch語句,基本上跟JSTL中的choose的作用和用法是一樣的,通常都是與when和otherwise搭配的。看如下一個例子:
<select id="dynamicChooseTest" parameterType="Blog" resultType="Blog"> select * from t_blog where 1 = 1 <choose> <when test="title != null"> and title = #{title} </when> <when test="content != null"> and content = #{content} </when> <otherwise> and owner = "owner1" </otherwise> </choose> </select>
where語句的作用主要是簡化SQL語句中where中的條件判斷的,先看一個例子,再解釋一下where的好處。
<select id="dynamicWhereTest" parameterType="Blog" resultType="Blog"> select * from t_blog <where> <if test="title != null"> title = #{title} </if> <if test="content != null"> and content = #{content} </if> <if test="owner != null"> and owner = #{owner} </if> </where> </select>
where元素的作用是會在寫入where元素的地方輸出一個where,另外一個好處是你不需要考慮where元素里面的條件輸出是什么樣子 的,MyBatis會智能的幫你處理,如果所有的條件都不滿足那么MyBatis就會查出所有的記錄,如果輸出后是and 開頭的,MyBatis會把第一個and忽略,當然如果是or開頭的,MyBatis也會把它忽略;此外,在where元素中你不需要考慮空格的問 題,MyBatis會智能的幫你加上。像上述例子中,如果title=null, 而content != null,那么輸出的整個語句會是select * from t_blog where content = #{content},而不是select * from t_blog where and content = #{content},因為MyBatis會智能的把首個and 或 or 給忽略。
<select id="dynamicTrimTest" parameterType="Blog" resultType="Blog"> select * from t_blog <trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and |or"> <if test="title != null"> title = #{title} </if> <if test="content != null"> and content = #{content} </if> <if test="owner != null"> or owner = #{owner} </if> </trim> </select>
set元素主要是用在更新操作的時候,它的主要功能和where元素其實是差不多的,主要是在包含的語句前輸出一個 set,然后如果包含的語句是以逗號結束的話將會把該逗號忽略,如果set包含的內容為空的話則會出錯。有了set元素我們就可以動態的更新那些修改了的 字段。下面是一段示例代碼:
<update id="dynamicSetTest" parameterType="Blog"> update t_blog <set> <if test="title != null"> title = #{title}, </if> <if test="content != null"> content = #{content}, </if> <if test="owner != null"> owner = #{owner} </if> </set> where id = #{id} </update>
- 如果傳入的是單參數且參數類型是一個List的時候,collection屬性值為list
- 如果傳入的是單參數且參數類型是一個array數組的時候,collection的屬性值為array
- 如果傳入的參數是多個的時候,我們就需要把它們封裝成一個Map了,當然單參數也可以封裝成map,實際上如果你在傳入參數的時候,在MyBatis里面也是會把它封裝成一個Map的,map的key就是參數名,所以這個時候collection屬性值就是傳入的List或array對象在自己封裝的map里面的key
<select id="dynamicForeachTest" resultType="Blog"> select * from t_blog where id in <foreach collection="list" index="index" item="item" open="(" separator="," close=")"> #{item} </foreach> </select>
上述collection的值為list,對應的Mapper是這樣的
public List<Blog> dynamicForeachTest(List<Integer> ids);
測試代碼:
@Test public void dynamicForeachTest() { SqlSession session = Util.getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(); BlogMapper blogMapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class); List<Integer> ids = new ArrayList<Integer>(); ids.add(1); ids.add(3); ids.add(6); List<Blog> blogs = blogMapper.dynamicForeachTest(ids); for (Blog blog : blogs) System.out.println(blog); session.close(); }
2.單參數array數組的類型:
<select id="dynamicForeach2Test" resultType="Blog"> select * from t_blog where id in <foreach collection="array" index="index" item="item" open="(" separator="," close=")"> #{item} </foreach> </select>
上述collection為array,對應的Mapper代碼:
public List<Blog> dynamicForeach2Test(int[] ids);
對應的測試代碼:
@Test public void dynamicForeach2Test() { SqlSession session = Util.getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(); BlogMapper blogMapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class); int[] ids = new int[] {1,3,6,9}; List<Blog> blogs = blogMapper.dynamicForeach2Test(ids); for (Blog blog : blogs) System.out.println(blog); session.close(); }
3.自己把參數封裝成Map的類型
<select id="dynamicForeach3Test" resultType="Blog"> select * from t_blog where title like "%"#{title}"%" and id in <foreach collection="ids" index="index" item="item" open="(" separator="," close=")"> #{item} </foreach> </select>
上述collection的值為ids,是傳入的參數Map的key,對應的Mapper代碼:
public List<Blog> dynamicForeach3Test(Map<String, Object> params);
對應測試代碼:
@Test public void dynamicForeach3Test() { SqlSession session = Util.getSqlSessionFactory().openSession(); BlogMapper blogMapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class); final List<Integer> ids = new ArrayList<Integer>(); ids.add(1); ids.add(2); ids.add(3); ids.add(6); ids.add(7); ids.add(9); Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>(); params.put("ids", ids); params.put("title", "中國"); List<Blog> blogs = blogMapper.dynamicForeach3Test(params); for (Blog blog : blogs) System.out.println(blog); session.close(); }