命令簡介：
cp命令用來復制文件或目錄。指令英文原義：copy
指令所在路徑：/bin/cp
命令語法：
Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
命令參數：
此命令參數是Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7下cp命令參數，不同版本Linux的cp命令參數有可能不同。
| 參數 |
長參數 |
描敘 |
| -a |
等同於-dR |
|
| -b |
若刪除或者覆蓋目標文件，將對目標文件進行備份，備份文件以備份的字符串結尾 |
|
| -d |
復制符號鏈接 |
|
| -f |
強制復制 |
|
| -h |
強制cp命令復制符號鏈接。缺省值是跟隨符號鏈接，也就是將文件復制到符號鏈接指向處。 |
|
| -i |
交互式模式。覆蓋目標文件之前先要進行詢問 |
|
| -l |
建立硬鏈接，而非復制 |
|
| -p |
源目錄或者文件的屬性保留 |
|
| -P |
源目錄或者文件的路勁保留 |
|
| -r/-R |
處理指定目錄以及子目錄 |
|
| -v |
--verbose |
顯示命令執行的詳細信息 |
| --help |
顯示命令在線幫助 |
|
| --version |
顯示命令版本信息 |
使用示例：
1: 查看rmdir命令的幫助信息
[root@DB-Server ~]# cp --help
Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
or: cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --archive same as -dR --preserve=all
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
--copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive
-d same as --no-dereference --preserve=link
-f, --force if an existing destination file cannot be
opened, remove it and try again
-i, --interactive prompt before overwrite
-H follow command-line symbolic links
-l, --link link files instead of copying
-L, --dereference always follow symbolic links
-P, --no-dereference never follow symbolic links
-p same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
--preserve[=ATTR_LIST] preserve the specified attributes (default:
mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible
additional attributes: context, links,
xattr, all
-c same as --preserve=context
--no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes
--parents use full source file name under DIRECTORY
-R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively
--remove-destination remove each existing destination file before
attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
--sparse=WHEN control creation of sparse files
--strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
argument
-s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file
-u, --update copy only when the SOURCE file is newer
than the destination file or when the
destination file is missing
-v, --verbose explain what is being done
-x, --one-file-system stay on this file system
-Z, --context=CONTEXT set security context of copy to CONTEXT
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the
corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior
selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST
file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes.
Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files.
The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:
none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t make numbered backups
existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never always make simple backups
As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup
options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing,
regular file.
Report bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org.
或
[root@DB-Server ~]# man cp
2: 拷貝文件file1並更名為file2
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls
file1
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp file1 file2
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls
file1 file2
[root@DB-Server kerry]#
3：拷貝kerry目錄下文件到tmp目錄下
[root@DB-Server ~]# cp /home/kerry/* /tmp
[root@DB-Server ~]# cd /tmp
4：將目錄下的所有目錄包括子目錄陸續復制到另外一個目錄
[root@DB-Server ~]#cp -r /home/tomcat/ /tmp/bak
5: 復制時保留文件屬性（保存與源文件相關聯的修改日期、時間和訪問控制列表等）
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls -lrt
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:04 install.log.syslog
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp -p install.log.syslog install.log.syslog.bak1
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp install.log.syslog install.log.syslog.bak2
[root@DB-Server kerry]# ls -lrt
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:04 install.log.syslog.bak1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:04 install.log.syslog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3886 Jan 19 23:10 install.log.syslog.bak2
6: 以交換形式拷貝文件
[root@DB-Server kerry]# cp -i /var/log/* ./
cp: overwrite `./acpid'? n
cp: overwrite `./anaconda.log'? n
cp: overwrite `./anaconda.syslog'? y
cp: overwrite `./anaconda.xlog'? n
cp: omitting directory `/var/log/audit'
cp: overwrite `./boot.log'? n
cp: overwrite `./boot.log.1'? n
cp: overwrite `./boot.log.2'? n