這篇文章是在博客園正式的第一篇文章。
不出意外 以后將在web的方向發展，前段時間把老早以前做過的webqq機器人重做了一遍，算是對winform的告別吧，鞏固了C#方面的知識。
本篇主要介紹了我對模擬http請求方式的介紹和理解。(博客的樣式是自己寫的，有木有感覺好看呢(•‾̑⌣‾̑•)✧˖°)
首先 看一個GET請求
public string GetHtml(string url, string Referer, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
{
HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
req.Method = "GET";
req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
req.Proxy = null;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
req.Referer = Referer;
using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
{
if (SaveCookie)
{
this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
}
using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
{
return SR.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
然后 再看POST
public string PostHtml(string url, string Referer, string data, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
{
HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
req.Method = "POST";
req.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0";
req.Proxy = null;
req.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
req.Referer = Referer;
byte[] mybyte = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(data);
req.ContentLength = mybyte.Length;
using (Stream stream = req.GetRequestStream())
{
stream.Write(mybyte, 0, mybyte.Length);
}
using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
{
if (SaveCookie)
{
this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
}
using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
{
return SR.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
小結
1.這是我封裝的一個httphelp類中的一部分，get貌似不需要那些像什么UserAgent,ContentType之類的東西
2.POST請求中一般要設置ContentType和UserAgent
3.默認請求是GET
如何 保持Cookie
每次請求之后保存CookieContainer即可，賦給下一次請求的httpwebrequest
區別 HttpWebRequest.CookieContainer和HttpWebResponse.CookieCollection
此處說的是進行一次http請求獲得響應之后
CookieContainer是當前域的所有Cookie
CookieCollection是該次請求相關的所有Cookie
Referer 是什么
即本次請求的來源，從哪個頁面進行http請求的
這里常被服務器用來檢測請求是否合法
proxy？
請求的代理，對此我了解不多，忘有人能告之
在請求之前設置proxy=null，可以讓請求跳過檢查代理，http請求速度立刻上升一個檔次！尤其是以前蹭wifi的時候我深有體會
這里是我封裝的一個http請求輔助類，大家有興趣可以參考一下：
public class HttpHelp
{
public CookieContainer CookieContainer { get; set; }
public CookieCollection CookieCollection { get; set; }
public HttpHelp()
{
this.CookieCollection = new CookieCollection();
this.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
}
public static string GetHtml(string url, string Referer, Encoding encode)
{
return new HttpHelp().GetHtml(url, Referer, encode, false);
}
public static string PostHtml(string url, string Referer, string data, Encoding encode)
{
return new HttpHelp().PostHtml(url, Referer, data, encode, false);
}
public string GetHtml(string url, string Referer, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
{
HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
req.Method = "GET";
req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
req.Proxy = null;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
req.Referer = Referer;
using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
{
if (SaveCookie)
{
this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
}
using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
{
return SR.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
public string PostHtml(string url, string Referer, string data, Encoding encode, bool SaveCookie)
{
HttpWebRequest req = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
req.CookieContainer = this.CookieContainer;
req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
req.Method = "POST";
req.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0";
req.Proxy = null;
req.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Referer))
req.Referer = Referer;
byte[] mybyte = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(data);
req.ContentLength = mybyte.Length;
using (Stream stream = req.GetRequestStream())
{
stream.Write(mybyte, 0, mybyte.Length);
}
using (HttpWebResponse hwr = req.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)
{
if (SaveCookie)
{
this.CookieCollection = hwr.Cookies;
this.CookieContainer.GetCookies(req.RequestUri);
}
using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hwr.GetResponseStream(), encode))
{
return SR.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
///
/// 上傳文件
///
///上傳地址
///文件路徑
///原網頁file控件name
///請求流中的contentType
///返回的encoding
///post參數字典
///
public static string PostFile(string url, string filepath, string paramName, string contentType, Encoding encode, Dictionary<string, string> dict)
{
HttpWebRequest hrq = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
hrq.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
hrq.Method = "POST";
using (Stream stream = hrq.GetRequestStream()) //請求流
{
//寫入post參數
string formdataTemplete = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}";
if (dict != null && dict.Count > 0)
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> pair in dict)
{
stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplete, pair.Key, pair.Value);
byte[] formitemBytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(formitem);
stream.Write(formitemBytes, 0, formitemBytes.Length);
}
}
stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
//寫入頭信息
string headerTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: {2}\r\n\r\n";
string header = string.Format(headerTemplate, paramName, Path.GetFileName(filepath), contentType);
byte[] headerBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);
stream.Write(headerBytes, 0, headerBytes.Length);
//寫入文件
byte[] fileBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(filepath);
stream.Write(fileBytes, 0, fileBytes.Length);
//寫入尾部
byte[] footerBytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");
stream.Write(footerBytes, 0, footerBytes.Length);
using (HttpWebResponse hrp = hrq.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)//響應流
{
using (StreamReader SR = new StreamReader(hrp.GetResponseStream(), encode))
{
return SR.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
}
}
登陸百度示例：
登陸百度的一個demo，我在13年寫的 =。= ，現在登陸加密了，不過以前的這種方式仍然可以用，呵呵
吐槽一下，從來沒寫過博客，無論是新浪，QQ，還是其它。今天才發現這排版太累。
之后打算寫一下，模擬webqq請求來實現QQ機器人。盡量寫成一個系列吧...么么噠(*ﾟ∀ﾟ*)
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