Linux SendMail發送郵件失敗診斷案例(二)

Linux上Sendmail經常由於一些配置問題，導致郵件發送失敗，下面整理、收集了一些郵件發送失敗、異常的案例。

案例1：在新服務器上測試sendmail發送郵件時，發現郵件發送不成功，檢查/var/log/maillog日志文件發現如下錯誤（Notice：hostname、郵箱地址等信息使用xxx代替）

 

tail /var/log/maillog

May 15 09:43:38 xxxxx sendmail[9182]: s4F1hcQe009182: from=root, size=58269, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<201405150143.s4F1hcQe009182@xxxx>, relay=root@localhost
May 15 09:43:38 xxxxx sendmail[9182]: s4F1hcQe009182: to=konglb@xxxx, delay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=88269, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued
May 15 09:43:58 xxxxx sendmail[9186]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(oracle): can not chdir(/var/spool/mqueue/): Permission denied

出現這個問題，是因為oracle賬號沒有權限訪問/var/spool/mqueue，需要授予相關權限，如下所示：

chmod 755 /var/spool/mqueue

案例2：查看var/log/maillog日志文件發現如下錯誤

 

May 15 10:21:41 xxxxx sendmail[9850]: s4F2LfrT009850: to=<konglb@xxxx>, delay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=37549, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued

出現這個問題是因為dns server不正確設置導致，需要修改/etc/resolv.conf 下的nameserver值。

 

案例3：檢查/var/log/maillog發現如下信息，郵件狀態為Sent（stat=Sent），但是依然沒有收到郵件。

[root@DB-Server mail]# tail /var/log/maillog

Dec 18 11:15:01 nbolnx01 sendmail[25312]: sBI3F18J025312: from=<[e-mail]>, size=607, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[e-mail]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]
Dec 18 11:15:01 nbolnx01 sendmail[25302]: sBI3F12b025302: to=oracle, ctladdr=oracle (502/502), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30290, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (sBI3F18J025312 Message accepted for delivery)
Dec 18 11:15:01 nbolnx01 sendmail[25327]: sBI3F1mw025327: from=<[e-mail]>, size=599, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[e-mail]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]
Dec 18 11:15:01 nbolnx01 sendmail[25321]: sBI3F1Ba025321: to=oracle, ctladdr=oracle (502/502), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30282, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (sBI3F1mw025327 Message accepted for delivery)

檢查mailq，如下所示，發現大量郵件處於等待發送的隊列

[root@DB-Server mail]# mailq
.................................................................
.................................................................
.................................................................
sBD2j1tq000440      214 Sat Dec 13 10:45 <[e-mail]>
                 (host map: lookup (xxxx.com): deferred)
                                         [e-mail]
sBD301x9000637      214 Sat Dec 13 11:00 <[e-mail]>
                 (host map: lookup (xxxx.com): deferred)
                                         [e-mail]
                Total requests: 120
[root@nbolnx01 mail]#

 

出現了"host map: lookup (domain): deferred"錯誤，意味着郵件的發送被延遲了。需要通過修改配置文件/etc/mail/sendmail.cf。找到 #O ResolverOptions=+AAONLY 這一行信息后將注釋取消掉，然后重啟sendmail服務即可解決問題。

 

[root@DB-Server ~]# service sendmail stop

Shutting down sm-client: [ OK ]

Shutting down sendmail: [ OK ]

[root@DB-Server ~]# service sendmail start

Starting sendmail: [ OK ]

Starting sm-client: [ OK ]

 

參考資料：

 

http://www.51osos.com/a/Linux_CentOS_RedHat/Linuxjichu/2010/1001/107.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/AloneSword/archive/2013/07/20/3203050.html

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-11888131-id-2804023.html

http://fanli7.net/a/caozuoxitong/OS/20120703/180401.html

http://blog.csdn.net/kindy1022/article/details/7639096