基於maven從頭搭建springMVC框架


0.准備工作

首先將eclipse和需要的插件准備好,例如maven插件,spring IDE插件。

1.建立maven下的webapp項目

  1.新建一個maven項目,類型為webapp,如下圖

  2.然后給項目命名,加入groupId等

  3.配置項目的發布目錄,在 Deployment Assemly下,如圖

2.配置Spring和Maven

  1.配置pom.xml,添加如下包依賴。版本不一定要對應,后邊可能會用到些新的包,缺少哪些包可以后續去百度然后加入到pom.xml中

     <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

  2.配置web.xml文件,添加ContextLoaderListener監聽器,在servlet啟動時會去裝配制定配置文件的配置;然后添加springDispatcherServlet,指定mvc配置文件,配置mvc框架。全部配置如下:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
        /WEB-INF/spring-context.xml,
        /WEB-INF/spring-hibernate.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- 設置監聽位置,'/'為全部監聽 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

  3.配置spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">

    <!-- 激活@controller模式 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 配置包掃描位置(會在此包下掃描@controller控制器) -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.maven.controller" />
    <!-- 配置視圖解析器(jsp文件前綴后綴) -->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置tiles模板(沒有用到tiles可以不用配置此項) -->
    <bean id="tilesConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer">
        <property name="definitions">
            <list>
                <value>/WEB-INF/tiles/tiles-definitions.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

  4.配置spring-context.xml。暫時只建立最簡單的框架,所以這里暫時可以不用配置。

到此最基本的springMVC框架就搭建好了。把項目裝入tomcat,運行訪問項目的主目錄,就會調用默認的index.jsp,顯示hello world了。

 


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