項目用了Postgresql 數據庫，項目組要出表結構的文檔，手寫太麻煩，想用slq腳本導出一份。查了一番資料，似乎沒有多好的方法。dump方式導出的腳本太亂，沒法直接寫在word文檔里。只能自己寫sql查詢出表結構，然后利用pgadmin的導出查詢結果的功能，能最快的獲取一份整個數據庫的表結構信息。雖然不能實現全自動的導出文檔，但是對整理文檔來說，還是節省了不少時間。
--查詢所有的表字段信息(帶表名)
select
(select relname||'--'||(select description from pg_description where objoid=oid and objsubid=0) as comment from pg_class where oid=a.attrelid) as table_name,
a.attname as column_name,
format_type(a.atttypid,a.atttypmod) as data_type,
(case when atttypmod-4>0 then atttypmod-4 else 0 end)data_length,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='p')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 主鍵約束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='u')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 唯一約束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='f')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 外鍵約束,
(case when a.attnotnull=true then 'Y' else 'N' end) as nullable,
col_description(a.attrelid,a.attnum) as comment
from pg_attribute a
where attstattarget=-1 and attrelid in (select oid from pg_class where relname in(select relname from pg_class where relkind ='r' and relname like 'exg_%'))
order by table_name,a.attnum;
執行sql語句，然后將查詢結果導出
使用英文逗號做分隔符，導出csv文件，可以直接在excle中編輯
使用本地字符集可以防止亂碼
用excle打開導出的csv文件，因為導出的是所有的表結構信息，所以要先分表，拷貝第一行表頭信息，分別插入到每張表的前面（插入行的快捷鍵自己網上找吧）。
做完上面的步驟，就可以把表結構信息粘帖到word文檔里了；
在粘貼完畢后，要選擇使用目標格式
表格出來了
這個時候所有的表結構是一張大表格，可以用Ctrl+shift+enter把表格分開
附：其它sql腳本
--查詢表名和描述
select relname as table_name,(select description from pg_description where objoid=oid and objsubid=0) as comment from pg_class where relkind ='r' and relname like 'exg_%' order by table_name;
--查詢表字段信息
select
a.attname as column_name,
format_type(a.atttypid,a.atttypmod) as data_type,
(case when atttypmod-4>0 then atttypmod-4 else 0 end)data_length,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='p')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 主鍵約束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='u')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 唯一約束,
(case when (select count(*) from pg_constraint where conrelid = a.attrelid and conkey[1]=attnum and contype='f')>0 then 'Y' else 'N' end) as 外鍵約束,
(case when a.attnotnull=true then 'Y' else 'N' end) as nullable,
col_description(a.attrelid,a.attnum) as comment
from pg_attribute a
where attstattarget=-1 and attrelid = (select oid from pg_class where relname ='exg_ms_alarm');--表名