一、CSV文件規則
1 開頭是不留空，以行為單位。
2 可含或不含列名，含列名則居文件第一行。
3 一行數據不跨行，無空行。
4 以半角逗號（即,）作分隔符，列為空也要表達其存在。
5 列內容如存在半角逗號（即,）則用半角引號（即','）將該字段值包含起來。
6 列內容如存在半角引號（即"）則應替換成半角雙引號（""）轉義，並用半角引號（即""）將該字段值包含起來。
7 文件讀寫時引號，逗號操作規則互逆。
8 內碼格式不限，可為 ASCII、Unicode 或者其他。
9 不支持特殊字符
二、C#讀取csv文件的方法
C# 代碼
復制
//讀CSV文件類,讀取指定的CSV文件，可以導出DataTable
public class CsvStreamReader
{
private ArrayList rowAL; //行鏈表,CSV文件的每一行就是一個鏈
private string fileName; //文件名
private Encoding encoding; //編碼
public CsvStreamReader()
{ this.rowAL = new ArrayList(); this.fileName = ""; this.encoding = Encoding.Default; 
} /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">文件名,包括文件路徑</param> public CsvStreamReader(string fileName) { this.rowAL = new ArrayList(); this.fileName = fileName; this.encoding = Encoding.Default; LoadCsvFile(); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">文件名,包括文件路徑</param> /// <param name="encoding">文件編碼</param> public CsvStreamReader(string fileName, Encoding encoding) { this.rowAL = new ArrayList(); this.fileName = fileName; this.encoding = encoding; LoadCsvFile(); } /// <summary> /// 文件名,包括文件路徑 /// </summary> public string FileName { set { this.fileName = value; LoadCsvFile(); } } /// <summary> /// 文件編碼 /// </summary> public Encoding FileEncoding { set { this.encoding = value; } } /// <summary> /// 獲取行數 /// </summary> public int RowCount { get { return this.rowAL.Count; } } /// <summary> /// 獲取列數 /// </summary> public int ColCount { get { int maxCol; maxCol = 0; for (int i = 0; i < this.rowAL.Count; i++) { ArrayList colAL = (ArrayList)this.rowAL[i]; maxCol = (maxCol > colAL.Count) ? maxCol : colAL.Count; } return maxCol; } } /// <summary> /// 獲取某行某列的數據 /// row:行,row = 1代表第一行 /// col:列,col = 1代表第一列 /// </summary> public string this[int row, int col] { get { //數據有效性驗證 CheckRowValid(row); CheckColValid(col); ArrayList colAL = (ArrayList)this.rowAL[row - 1]; //如果請求列數據大於當前行的列時,返回空值 if (colAL.Count < col) { return ""; } return colAL[col - 1].ToString(); } } /// <summary> /// 根據最小行，最大行，最小列，最大列，來生成一個DataTable類型的數據 /// 行等於1代表第一行 /// 列等於1代表第一列 /// maxrow: -1代表最大行 /// maxcol: -1代表最大列 /// </summary> public DataTable this[int minRow, int maxRow, int minCol, int maxCol] { get { //數據有效性驗證 CheckRowValid(minRow); CheckMaxRowValid(maxRow); CheckColValid(minCol); CheckMaxColValid(maxCol); if (maxRow == -1) { maxRow = RowCount; } if (maxCol == -1) { maxCol = ColCount; } if (maxRow < minRow) { throw new Exception("最大行數不能小於最小行數"); } if (maxCol < minCol) { throw new Exception("最大列數不能小於最小列數"); } DataTable csvDT = new DataTable(); int i; int col; int row; //增加列 for (i = minCol; i <= maxCol; i++) { csvDT.Columns.Add(i.ToString()); } for (row = minRow; row <= maxRow; row++) { DataRow csvDR = csvDT.NewRow(); i = 0; for (col = minCol; col <= maxCol; col++) { csvDR[i] = this[row, col]; i++; } csvDT.Rows.Add(csvDR); } return csvDT; } } /// <summary> /// 檢查行數是否是有效的 /// </summary> /// <param name="col"></param> private void CheckRowValid(int row) { if (row <= 0) { throw new Exception("行數不能小於0"); } if (row > RowCount) { throw new Exception("沒有當前行的數據"); } } /// <summary> /// 檢查最大行數是否是有效的 /// </summary> /// <param name="col"></param> private void CheckMaxRowValid(int maxRow) { if (maxRow <= 0 && maxRow != -1) { throw new Exception("行數不能等於0或小於-1"); } if (maxRow > RowCount) { throw new Exception("沒有當前行的數據"); } } /// <summary> /// 檢查列數是否是有效的 /// </summary> /// <param name="col"></param> private void CheckColValid(int col) { if (col <= 0) { throw new Exception("列數不能小於0"); } if (col > ColCount) { throw new Exception("沒有當前列的數據"); } } /// <summary> /// 檢查檢查最大列數是否是有效的 /// </summary> /// <param name="col"></param> private void CheckMaxColValid(int maxCol) { if (maxCol <= 0 && maxCol != -1) { throw new Exception("列數不能等於0或小於-1"); } if (maxCol > ColCount) { throw new Exception("沒有當前列的數據"); } } /// <summary> /// 載入CSV文件 /// </summary> private void LoadCsvFile() { //對數據的有效性進行驗證 if (this.fileName == null) { throw new Exception("請指定要載入的CSV文件名"); } else if (!File.Exists(this.fileName)) { throw new Exception("指定的CSV文件不存在"); } else { } if (this.encoding == null) { this.encoding = Encoding.Default; } StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(this.fileName, this.encoding); string csvDataLine; csvDataLine = ""; while (true) { string fileDataLine; fileDataLine = sr.ReadLine(); if (fileDataLine == null) { break; } if (csvDataLine == "") { csvDataLine = fileDataLine;//GetDeleteQuotaDataLine(fileDataLine); } else { csvDataLine += "\\r\\n" + fileDataLine;//GetDeleteQuotaDataLine(fileDataLine); } //如果包含偶數個引號，說明該行數據中出現回車符或包含逗號 if (!IfOddQuota(csvDataLine)) { AddNewDataLine(csvDataLine); csvDataLine = ""; } } sr.Close(); //數據行出現奇數個引號 if (csvDataLine.Length > 0) { throw new Exception("CSV文件的格式有錯誤"); } } /// <summary> /// 獲取兩個連續引號變成單個引號的數據行 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileDataLine">文件數據行</param> /// <returns></returns> private string GetDeleteQuotaDataLine(string fileDataLine) { return fileDataLine.Replace("\\"\\"", "\\""); } /// <summary> /// 判斷字符串是否包含奇數個引號 /// </summary> /// <param name="dataLine">數據行</param> /// <returns>為奇數時，返回為真；否則返回為假</returns> private bool IfOddQuota(string dataLine) { int quotaCount; bool oddQuota; quotaCount = 0; for (int i = 0; i < dataLine.Length; i++) { if (dataLine[i] == '\\"') { quotaCount++; } } oddQuota = false; if (quotaCount % 2 == 1) { oddQuota = true; } return oddQuota; } /// <summary> /// 判斷是否以奇數個引號開始 /// </summary> /// <param name="dataCell"></param> /// <returns></returns> private bool IfOddStartQuota(string dataCell) { int quotaCount; bool oddQuota; quotaCount = 0; for (int i = 0; i < dataCell.Length; i++) { if (dataCell[i] == '\\"') { quotaCount++; } else { break; } } oddQuota = false; if (quotaCount % 2 == 1) { oddQuota = true; } return oddQuota; } /// <summary> /// 判斷是否以奇數個引號結尾 /// </summary> /// <param name="dataCell"></param> /// <returns></returns> private bool IfOddEndQuota(string dataCell) { int quotaCount; bool oddQuota; quotaCount = 0; for (int i = dataCell.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (dataCell[i] == '\\"') { quotaCount++; } else { break; } } oddQuota = false; if (quotaCount % 2 == 1) { oddQuota = true; } return oddQuota; } /// <summary> /// 加入新的數據行 /// </summary> /// <param name="newDataLine">新的數據行</param> private void AddNewDataLine(string newDataLine) { //System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("NewLine:" + newDataLine); ////return; ArrayList colAL = new ArrayList(); string[] dataArray = newDataLine.Split(','); bool oddStartQuota; //是否以奇數個引號開始 string cellData; oddStartQuota = false; cellData = ""; for (int i = 0; i < dataArray.Length; i++) { if (oddStartQuota) { //因為前面用逗號分割,所以要加上逗號 cellData += "," + dataArray[i]; //是否以奇數個引號結尾 if (IfOddEndQuota(dataArray[i])) { colAL.Add(GetHandleData(cellData)); oddStartQuota = false; continue; } } else { //是否以奇數個引號開始 if (IfOddStartQuota(dataArray[i])) { //是否以奇數個引號結尾,不能是一個雙引號,並且不是奇數個引號 if (IfOddEndQuota(dataArray[i]) && dataArray[i].Length > 2 && !IfOddQuota(dataArray[i])) { colAL.Add(GetHandleData(dataArray[i])); oddStartQuota = false; continue; } else { oddStartQuota = true; cellData = dataArray[i]; continue; } } else { colAL.Add(GetHandleData(dataArray[i])); } } } if (oddStartQuota) { throw new Exception("數據格式有問題"); } this.rowAL.Add(colAL); } /// <summary> /// 去掉格子的首尾引號，把雙引號變成單引號 /// </summary> /// <param name="fileCellData"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string GetHandleData(string fileCellData) { if (fileCellData == "") { return ""; } if (IfOddStartQuota(fileCellData)) { if (IfOddEndQuota(fileCellData)) { return fileCellData.Substring(1, fileCellData.Length - 2).Replace("\\"\\"", "\\""); //去掉首尾引號，然后把雙引號變成單引號 } else { throw new Exception("數據引號無法匹配" + fileCellData); } } else { //考慮形如"" """" """""" if (fileCellData.Length > 2 && fileCellData[0] == '\\"') { fileCellData = fileCellData.Substring(1, fileCellData.Length - 2).Replace("\\"\\"", "\\""); //去掉首尾引號，然后把雙引號變成單引號 } } return fileCellData; } 
}