開發中,通常都是在onCreate()中調用setContentView(R.layout.custom_layout)來實現想要的頁面布局,我們知道,頁面都是依附在窗口之上的,而DecorView即是窗口最頂層的視圖。Android frameworks中,與窗口視圖處理相關的類,主要是Window及其實現類PhoneWindow
public class PhoneWindow extends Window implements MenuBuilder.Callback {
//...
//窗口頂層View private DecorView mDecor;
//所有自定義View的根View, id="@android:id/content" private ViewGroup mContentParent;
DecorView其實是PhoneWindow中的一個內部類,本質上也是一個View,其只是擴展了FrameLayout的實現
private final class DecorView extends FrameLayout implements RootViewSurfaceTaker { //...
頁面layout被添加至窗口Window的流程大致如下:

1,Activity中調用setContentView(R.layout.custom_layout), 具體實現為PhoneWindow中的同名方法
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
//getWindow()獲取的即是PhoneWindow對象
getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID); }
2, PhoneWindow執行setContentView(int layoutResource)
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
//初始,mContentParent為空 if (mContentParent == null) { installDecor(); } else { mContentParent.removeAllViews(); }
//inflate自定義layout, 並將mContentParent作為其根視圖 mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);
3, PhoneWindow.installDecor()
private void installDecor() { if (mDecor == null) {
//new一個DecorView mDecor = generateDecor(); mDecor.setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS); mDecor.setIsRootNamespace(true); if (!mInvalidatePanelMenuPosted && mInvalidatePanelMenuFeatures != 0) { mDecor.postOnAnimation(mInvalidatePanelMenuRunnable); } } if (mContentParent == null) {
//這一步會設置窗口的修飾文件,並將id為ID_ANDROID_CONTENT的view find出來作為返回值賦值給mContentParent mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor);
4, PhoneWindow.generateLayout(DecorView decor)
protected ViewGroup generateLayout(DecorView decor) { //4.1,獲取<Application android:theme=""/>, <Activity/>節點指定的themes或者代碼requestWindowFeature()中指定的Features, 並設置 TypedArray a = getWindowStyle(); //... //4.2,獲取窗口Features, 設置相應的修飾布局文件,這些xml文件位於frameworks/base/core/res/res/layout下 int layoutResource; int features = getLocalFeatures(); if ((features & ((1 << FEATURE_LEFT_ICON) | (1 << FEATURE_RIGHT_ICON))) != 0) { if (mIsFloating) { TypedValue res = new TypedValue(); getContext().getTheme().resolveAttribute(com.android.internal.R.attr.dialogTitleIconsDecorLayout, res, true); layoutResource = res.resourceId; } else { layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_title_icons; } removeFeature(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR); } else if ((features & ((1 << FEATURE_PROGRESS) | (1 << FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS))) != 0 && (features & (1 << FEATURE_ACTION_BAR)) == 0) { layoutResource = com.android.internal.R.layout.screen_progress; //...
mDecor.startChanging(); //4.3, 將上面選定的布局文件inflate為View樹,添加到decorView中 View in = mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResource, null); decor.addView(in, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT)); //將窗口修飾布局文件中id="@android:id/content"的View賦值給mContentParent, 后續自定義的view/layout都將是其子View ViewGroup contentParent = (ViewGroup)findViewById(ID_ANDROID_CONTENT); if (contentParent == null) { throw new RuntimeException("Window couldn't find content container view"); }
//...
從上述步驟中,可以看出為什么在代碼中必須要在setContentView(...)之前才能執行requestWindowFeature(...)
5, 最后頁面中設置的自定義layout會被添加到mContentParent中
mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);
所以,Window窗口的布局層次結構(features不同,可能標題欄不存在, 這種情況下,窗口修飾視圖區域與mContentParent內容區域重疊)如下所示:

示例:
Activity代碼:
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { //設置窗口無標題欄 requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_decor); }
activity_decor.xml:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".DecorActivity"> <TextView android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <TextView android:text="@string/hello_world" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"/> </RelativeLayout>
onCreate()中設置的Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE對應的窗口修飾布局文件為screen_simple.xml, 源碼如下,
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:fitsSystemWindows="true" android:orientation="vertical"> <ViewStub android:id="@+id/action_mode_bar_stub" android:inflatedId="@+id/action_mode_bar" android:layout="@layout/action_mode_bar" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <FrameLayout android:id="@android:id/content" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:foregroundInsidePadding="false" android:foregroundGravity="fill_horizontal|top" android:foreground="?android:attr/windowContentOverlay" /> </LinearLayout>
源碼中id為"@android:id/content"的FrameLayout就是內容區域,在整個流程中,其會賦值給PhoneWindow類中的屬性mContentParent, 運行應用后,使用SDK提供的hierarchyviewer工具查看頁面的ViewTree結構,可以看到結構如下:

參考資料:
http://blog.csdn.net/qinjuning/article/details/7226787
http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/4.4.2_r1/android/view/Window.java?av=f
http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/4.4.2_r1/com/android/internal/policy/impl/PhoneWindow.java?av=f
http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/4.4.2_r1/frameworks/base/core/res/res/layout/screen_simple.xml?av=f
http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/4.4.2_r1/android/app/Activity.java?av=f
