原創地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4041638.html
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前面的文章中介紹過《Step by Step 創建一個WCF Service 》以及《如何使用WCF的Trace與Message Log功能》，本文介紹如何創建一個AJAX-Enabled WCF Service。
（一）創建一個WCF AJAX-enabled service
1. 打開Visual Studio 2012，創建一個ASP.NET Empty Web Application Project，命名為SandwichServices。這時Visual Studio的web.config文件內容為：
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> </configuration>
2. 添加一個AJAX-enabled WCF Service，命名為CostService.svc
using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace SandwichServices { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "SandwichServices")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class CostService { // To use HTTP GET, add [WebGet] attribute. (Default ResponseFormat is WebMessageFormat.Json) // To create an operation that returns XML, // add [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)], // and include the following line in the operation body: // WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "text/xml"; [OperationContract] public void DoWork() { // Add your operation implementation here return; } } }
因為我們不打算使用TCP等HTTP之外的Protocol，所以設置為AspNetCompatibilityEnabled。
3. 修改Namespace ServiceContractAttribute，並添加一個CostOfSandwiches方法
using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace SandwichServices { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "SandwichServices")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class CostService { // To use HTTP GET, add [WebGet] attribute. (Default ResponseFormat is WebMessageFormat.Json) // To create an operation that returns XML, // add [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)], // and include the following line in the operation body: // WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "text/xml"; [OperationContract] public void DoWork() { // Add your operation implementation here return; } [OperationContract] public double CostOfSandwiches(int quantity) { return 1.25 * quantity; } } }
4. 這時Visual Studio生成的web.config文件
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior"> <enableWebScript /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="SandwichServices.CostService"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="SandwichServices.CostService" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
如果在瀏覽器中訪問CostService.svc，得到如下錯誤
5. 修改web.config文件
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior"> <enableWebScript /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceServiceBehavior" > <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="SandwichServices.CostService" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceServiceBehavior"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="SandwichServices.CostService" /> <endpoint contract="IMetadataExchange" binding="mexHttpBinding" address="mex" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
再次在瀏覽器中打開CostService.svc，可以正常訪問了。
（二）創建Client端，調用WCF Service
1. 創建一個aspx Page
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm2.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebClient.WebForm2" %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title></title> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function Button1_onclick() { var service = new SandwichServices.CostService(); service.CostOfSandwiches(3, onSuccess, null, null); } function onSuccess(result) { alert(result); } </script> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <p> <input id="Button1" type="button" value="Price for 3 Sandwiches" onclick="return Button1_onclick()" /> </p> </div> <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="http://192.168.6.47:8080/CostService.svc" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager> </form> </body> </html>
2. 在瀏覽器中打開該頁面，然后用F12工具可以看到加載進來的JavaScript，是WCF Service生成的。
Fiddler
3. 點擊按鈕調用WCF Service
(三) 總結
WCF Service的配置文件中的endpoint的binding要使用webHttpBinding，endpointBehavior要設置成enableWebScript。
WebForm中要在ScriptManager中添加WCF Service的引用。
