Hadoop 2.2.0部署安裝（筆記，單機安裝）

SSH無密安裝與配置

具體配置步驟：

◎ 在root根目錄下創建.ssh目錄 （必須root用戶登錄）

cd /root & mkdir .ssh

chmod 700 .ssh & cd .ssh

◎ 創建密碼為空的 RSA 密鑰對：

ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""

◎ 在提示的對稱密鑰名稱中輸入 id_rsa將公鑰添加至 authorized_keys 中：

cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

chmod 644 authorized_keys # 重要

◎ 編輯 sshd 配置文件 /etc/ssh/sshd_config ，把 #AuthorizedKeysFile  .ssh/authorized_keys 前面的注釋取消掉。

◎ 重啟 sshd 服務：

service sshd restart

◎ 測試 SSH 連接。連接時會提示是否連接，按回車后會將此公鑰加入至 knows_hosts 中：

ssh localhost# 輸入用戶名密碼 

 

 Hadoop 2.2.0部署安裝

具體步驟如下：

◎ 下載文件。

◎ 解壓hadoop 配置環境。

#在root根目錄下創建hadoop文件夾

mkdir  hadoop;

cd hadoop; 

#將hadoop 2.2.0 安裝文件放置到hadoop目錄文件夾下。

#解壓hadoop 2.2.0 文件 

tar -zxvf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz

#進入hadoop -2.2.0 文件夾

cd hadoop-2.2.0

#進入hadoop配置文件夾

cd  etc/hadoop

#修改core-site.xml 

vi core-site.xml 添加以下信息(hadoop.tmp.dir、fs.default.name)：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

<property>

  <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

  <value>/root/hadoop/hadoop-${user.name}</value>

  <description>A base for other temporaydirectories</description>

</property>

<property>

  <name>fs.default.name</name>

  <value>hdfs://localhost:8010</value>

  <description></description>

</property>

</configuration>
 

#修改hdfs-site.xml配置文件, namenode和datanode存儲路徑的設置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>
   <property>
                   <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
                   <value>/root/hadoop/hdfs/namenode</value>
                   <description>Determineswhere on the local filesystem the DFS name node should store the name table. Ifthis is a comma-delimited list of directories then the name table is replicatedin all of the directories, for redundancy. </description>
                   <final>true</final>
         </property>
         <property>
                   <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
                   <value>/root/hadoop/hdfs/datanode</value>
                   <description>Determineswhere on the local filesystem an DFS data node should store its blocks. If thisis a comma-delimited list of directories, then data will be stored in all nameddirectories, typically on different devices.Directories that do not exist areignored.
                   </description>
                   <final>true</final>
         </property>
         <property>
　　　　　　　　　　　　<!-- 副本個數-->
                   <name>dfs.replication</name>
                   <value>1</value>
         </property>
         <property>
        　　 <name>dfs.permissions</name>
       　　  <value>false</value>
         </property>
</configuration>

 

 

#修改mapred-site.xml

添加 dfs.namenode.name.dir、dfs.datanode.data.dir、dfs.replication、dfs.permissions等參數信息

 

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!--

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
<property>
 <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
 <value>localhost:54311</value>
 <description>The host and port that the MapReduce job tracker runs
 at.  If "local", thenjobs are run in-process as a single map
 and reduce task.
</description>
</property>
<property>
 <name>mapred.map.tasks</name>
 <value>10</value>
 <description>As a rule of thumb, use 10x the number of slaves(i.e., number of tasktrackers).</description>
</property>
<property>
 <name>mapred.reduce.tasks</name>
 <value>2</value>
 <description>As a rule of thumb, use 2x the number of slaveprocessors (i.e., number of tasktrackers).</description>
</property>
</configuration>

 

 

◎ 設置java環境（接上述步驟）。

#修改hadoop-env.sh 設置java路徑參數，export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7。

# Copyright 2011 The Apache Software Foundation

# 

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one

# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file

# distributed with this work for additional information

# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file

# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the

# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance

# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

#

#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

#

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

# Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here.

# The only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME.  All others are

# optional.  When running a distributed configuration it is best to

# set JAVA_HOME in this file, so that it is correctly defined on

# remote nodes.

# The java implementation to use.

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7

# The jsvc implementation to use. Jsvc is required to run secure datanodes.

#export JSVC_HOME=${JSVC_HOME}

export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_CONF_DIR:-"/etc/hadoop"}

# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements.  Automatically insert capacity-scheduler.

for f in $HADOOP_HOME/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar; do

  if [ "$HADOOP_CLASSPATH" ]; then

    export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$f

  else

    export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$f

  fi

done

# The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.

#export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=

#export HADOOP_NAMENODE_INIT_HEAPSIZE=""

# Extra Java runtime options.  Empty by default.

export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"

# Command specific options appended to HADOOP_OPTS when specified

export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"

export HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"

export HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"

# The following applies to multiple commands (fs, dfs, fsck, distcp etc)

export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"

#HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS="-XX:-UsePerfData $HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS"

# On secure datanodes, user to run the datanode as after dropping privileges

export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=${HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER}

# Where log files are stored.  $HADOOP_HOME/logs by default.

#export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/$USER 

# Where log files are stored in the secure data environment.

export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/${HADOOP_HDFS_USER}

# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.

# NOTE: this should be set to a directory that can only be written to by 

#       the user that will run the hadoop daemons.  Otherwise there is the

#       potential for a symlink attack.

export HADOOP_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}

export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}

# A string representing this instance of hadoop. $USER by default.

export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=$USER

 

 

◎ 設置hadoop環境變量[HADOOP_HOME]。

vi /etc/profile 輸入 export HADOOP_HOME=/root/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0

source /etc/profile  讓環境變量生效。

測試hadoop環境變量是否生效：

echo $HADOOP_HOME 

/root/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0 

◎ 進入hadoop安裝目錄，進入bin目錄，格式化hdfs。

./hadoop namenode –format 

◎  啟動hadoop ,進入hadoop安裝目錄，進入sbin目錄。

./start-all.sh 

◎ 驗證安裝，登錄 http://localhost:50070/ 。

 文章轉載請注明出處：http://www.cnblogs.com/likehua/p/3825810.html 

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