server.js
//basic server的配置文件 var port = 3000; var server = require('./basicserver').createServer(); server.useFavIcon("localhost", "./docroot/favicon.png"); server.addContainer(".*", "/l/(.*)$", require('./redirector'), {}) server.docroot("localhost", "/", "./docroot"); //server.useFavIcon("127.0.0.1", "./docroot/favicon.png"); //server.docroot("127.0.0.1", "/", "./docroot"); server.listen(port);
basicserver.js
Response Header 服務器發送到客戶端 對於某些應用,特別是一些處理固定數據的小型應用,我們可以精准的知道該使用哪一種Content-Type頭,因為應用發送的數據是特定已知的。然而staticHandler能發送任何文件,通常不知道該使用哪種Content-Type。通過匹配文件擴展名列表和Content-Type可以解決這個問題,但是這個方案不完美。最好的實踐方案是使用一個外部的配置文件,它通常由操作系統提供。 MIME npm包使用了Apache項目的mime.types文件,該文件包含超過600個Content-Type的有關數據,如果有需要,mime模塊也支持添加自定義的MIME類型。 npm install mime var mime = require('mime'); 一些相關的HTTP頭: HTTP協議是無狀態的,意味着web服務器不能辨認不同的請求發送端。現在普遍的做法是,服務器發送cookie到客戶端瀏覽器,cookie中定義了登陸用戶的身份,對於每一次請求,web瀏覽器都會發送對應所訪問網站的cookie。 發送cookie時,我們應以如下方式為Set-Cookie或Set-Cookie2頭設一個值: |
/* Basic Server的核心模塊會創建一個HTTP服務器對象,附加Basic Server上用於檢查請求,然后給予適當響應的功能 Basic Server可以通過判斷Host頭部匹配的容器對象響應來自多個域名的請求 */ var http = require('http'); var url = require('url'); exports.createServer = function(){ var htserver = http.createServer(function(req, res){ req.basicServer = {urlparsed: url.parse(req.url, true)}; processHeaders(req, res); dispatchToContainer(htserver, req, res); }); htserver.basicServer = {containers: []}; htserver.addContainer = function(host, path, module, options){ if (lookupContainer(htserver, host, path) != undefined){ throw new Error("Already mapped " + host + "/" + path); } htserver.basicServer.containers.push({host: host, path: path, module: module, options: options}); return this; } htserver.useFavIcon = function(host, path){ return this.addContainer(host, "/favicon.ico", require('./faviconHandler'), {iconPath: path}); } htserver.docroot = function(host, path, rootPath){ return this.addContainer(host, path, require('./staticHandler'), {docroot: rootPath}); } return htserver; } var lookupContainer = function(htserver, host, path){ for (var i = 0; i < htserver.basicServer.containers.length; i++){ var container = htserver.basicServer.containers[i]; var hostMatches = host.toLowerCase().match(container.host); var pathMatches = path.match(container.path); if (hostMatches !== null && pathMatches !== null){ return {container: container, host: hostMatches, path: pathMatches}; } } return undefined; } //用於搜索req.headers數組以查找cookie和host頭部,因為這兩個字段對請求的分派都很重要 //這個函數在每一個HTTP請求到達時都會被調用 //還有很多其他的HTTP頭部字段(Accept Accept-Encoding Accept-Language User-Agent) var processHeaders = function(req, res){ req.basicServer.cookies = []; var keys = Object.keys(req.headers); for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++){ var hname = keys[i]; var hval = req.headers[hname]; if (hname.toLowerCase() === "host"){ req.basicServer.host = hval; } //提取瀏覽器發送的cookie if (hname.toLowerCase() === "cookie"){ req.basicServer.cookies.push(hval); } } } //查找匹配的容器,分派請求到對應的容器中 //這個函數在每一個HTTP請求到達時都會被調用 var dispatchToContainer = function(htserver, req, res){ var container = lookupContainer(htserver, req.basicServer.host, req.basicServer.urlparsed.pathname); if (container !== undefined){ req.basicServer.hostMatches = container.host; req.basicServer.pathMatches = container.path; req.basicServer.container = container.container; container.container.module.handle(req, res); }else { res.writeHead(404, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("no handler found for " + req.basicServer.host + "/" + req.basicServer.urlparsed); } }
staticHandler.js
//用於處理文件系統內的文件,docroot選項指被存放文件所在文件夾的路徑,讀取該目錄下的指定文件 var fs = require('fs'); var mime = require('mime'); var sys = require('sys'); exports.handle = function(req, res){ if (req.method !== "GET"){ res.writeHead(404, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("invalid method " + req.method); } else { var fname = req.basicServer.container.options.docroot + req.basicServer.urlparsed.pathname; if (fname.match(/\/$/)) fname += "index.html"; //如果URL以/結尾 fs.stat(fname, function(err, stats){ if (err){ res.writeHead(500, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("file " + fname + " not found " + err); } else { fs.readFile(fname, function(err, buf){ if (err){ res.writeHead(500, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("file " + fname + " not readable " + err); } else { res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': mime.lookup(fname), 'Content-Length': buf.length}); res.end(buf); } }); } }); } }
faviconHandler.js
//這個處理函數處理對favicon.ico的請求 //MIME模塊根據給出的圖標文件確定正確的MIME類型,網站圖標favicon可以是任何類型的圖片,但是我們必須要告訴瀏覽器是哪個類型 //MIME模塊,用於生成正確的Content-Type頭 var fs = require('fs'); var mime = require('mime'); exports.handle = function(req, res){ if (req.method !== "GET"){ res.writeHead(404, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("invalid method " + req.method); } else if (req.basicServer.container.options.iconPath !== undefined){ fs.readFile(req.basicServer.container.options.iconPath, function(err, buf){ if (err){ res.writeHead(500, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end(req.basicServer.container.options.iconPath + "not found"); } else { res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': mime.lookup(req.basicServer.container.options.iconPath), 'Content-Length': buf.length}); res.end(buf); } }); } else { res.writeHead(404, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("no favicon"); } }
redirector.js
/* 把一個域的請求重定向到另一個上,例如將www.example.com重定向到example.com上,或者使用簡短的URL跳轉到較長的URL 實現這兩種情況,我們需要在HTTP響應中發送301(永久移除)或者302(臨時移除)狀態碼,並且指定location頭信息。有了這個組合 信號,web瀏覽器就知道要跳轉到另一個web位置了 */ //地址http://localhost:3000/l/ex1 會跳轉到http://example1.com var util = require('util'); var code2url = {'ex1': 'http://example1.com', 'ex2': "http://example2.com"}; var notFound = function(req, res){ res.writeHead(404, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end("no matching redirect code found for " + req.basicServer.host + "/" + req.basicServer.urlparsed.pathname); } exports.handle = function(req, res){ if (req.basicServer.pathMatches[1]){ var code = req.basicServer.pathMatches[1]; if (code2url[code]){ var url = code2url[code]; res.writeHead(302, {'Location': url}); res.end(); } else { notFound(req, res); } } else { notFound(req, res); } }
docroot目錄下:有favicon.png
index.html
<html> <head> </head> <body> <h1>Index</h1> <p>this is a index html.</p> </body> </html>