MVC文件上傳02-使用HttpPostedFileBase上傳多個文件


本篇體驗上傳多個文件。兄弟篇為:


MVC文件上傳01-使用jquery異步上傳並客戶端驗證類型和大小

       

  MVC最基本上傳文件方式中的一個遺漏點

□ 前台視圖部分

   1:  <% using(Html.BeginForm("FileUpload", "FileUpload", FormMethod.Post, new {enctype = "multipart/form-data"}) {)%>
   2:      <input name ="uploadFile" type="file" />
   3:      <input type="submit" value="Upload File" />
   4:  <%}%>

 

□ 控制器部分

   1:  [HttpMethod.Post]
   2:  public ActionResult FileUpload(HttpPostedFileBase uploadFile)
   3:  {
   4:      if(uploadFile.ContenctLength > 0)
   5:      {
   6:          //獲得保存路徑
   7:          string filePath = Path.Combine(HttpContext.Server.MapPath("../Uploads"), 
   8:                          Path.GetFileName(uploadFile.FileName));
   9:          uploadFile.SaveAs(filePath);
  10:      }
  11:      return View();
  12:  }

 

以上的問題是:當沒有文件上傳的時候,會報錯。需要判斷HttpPostedFileBase實例是否為null

   1:  [HttpMethod.Post]
   2:  public ActionResult FileUpload(HttpPostedFileBase uploadFile)
   3:  {
   4:    if(uploadFile != null)
   5:    {
   6:      if(uploadFile.ContenctLength > 0)
   7:      {
   8:          //獲得保存路徑
   9:          string filePath = Path.Combine(HttpContext.Server.MapPath("../Uploads"), 
  10:                          Path.GetFileName(uploadFile.FileName));
  11:          uploadFile.SaveAs(filePath);
  12:      }
  13:    }
  14:      return View();
  15:  }

 

  上傳多個文件

□ 控制器

● 由於接收多個文件,所以控制器方法的參數變成了IEnumerable<HttpPostedFileBase> files
● 變量files與前台視圖的name屬性值對應
● 如果沒有指定的文件夾,就創建一個文件夾

 

   1:  using System;
   2:  using System.Collections.Generic;
   3:  using System.IO;
   4:  using System.Linq;
   5:  using System.Web;
   6:  using System.Web.Mvc;
   7:   
   8:  namespace MvcApplication2.Controllers
   9:  {
  10:      public class HomeController : Controller
  11:      {
  12:          public ActionResult Index()
  13:          {
  14:              return View();
  15:          }
  16:   
  17:          public ActionResult MultiUpload(IEnumerable<HttpPostedFileBase> files)
  18:          {
  19:              string pathForSaving = Server.MapPath("~/Uploads");
  20:              if (this.CreateFolderIfNeeded(pathForSaving))
  21:              {
  22:                  foreach (var file in files)
  23:                  {
  24:                      if (file != null && file.ContentLength > 0)
  25:                      {
  26:                          var path = Path.Combine(pathForSaving, file.FileName);
  27:                          file.SaveAs(path);
  28:                      }
  29:                  }
  30:              }
  31:              
  32:              return RedirectToAction("Index");
  33:          }
  34:   
  35:          // 檢查是否要創建上傳文件夾
  36:          private bool CreateFolderIfNeeded(string path)
  37:          {
  38:              bool result = true;
  39:              if (!Directory.Exists(path))
  40:              {
  41:                  try
  42:                  {
  43:                      Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
  44:                  }
  45:                  catch (Exception)
  46:                  {
  47:                      //TODO:處理異常
  48:                      result = false;
  49:                  }
  50:              }
  51:              return result;
  52:          }
  53:      }
  54:  }
  55:   

□ Home/Index.cshtml視圖

   1:  @{
   2:      ViewBag.Title = "Index";
   3:      Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
   4:  }
   5:   
   6:  @using (Html.BeginForm("MultiUpload", "Home", FormMethod.Post, new {enctype = "multipart/form-data"}))
   7:  {
   8:      <input type="file" name="files" id="file1" /><br/>
   9:      <input type="file" name="files" id="file2" /><br/>
  10:      <input type="file" name="files" id="file3" /><br/>
  11:      <input type="submit" value="同時上傳多個文件" />
  12:  }

 

注意:name屬性值與控制器方法參數對應。

□ 結果

選擇上傳2個文件:

1


上傳成功后,自動創建了文件夾Uploads:

2


Uploads中只有2個文件:

3


□ 為什么使用HttpPostedFileBase而不是FormCollection來接收文件

public sealed class FormCollection : NameValueCollection, IValueProvider

可見,FormCollection是鍵值集合,鍵是string類型,值是string類型,而上傳的文件類型不是string,所以不能用FormCollection作為參數來接收文件。

 

參考資料

ASP.NET MVC文件上傳的基本操作


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