RabbitMQ 入門

簡介

 

RabbitMQ是一個Message Broker，核心思想就是接受消息，轉發消息。

實現的協議：AMQP。

 

術語 (Jargon)

 

P，Producing，制造和發送信息的一方。

Queue，消息隊列。

C，Consuming，接收消息的一方。

 

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Simple Demo

 

發送方

 

    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
 
    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); //(如果沒有就)創建Queue
    String message = "Hello World!";
    channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());//以byte的方式發布
    System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
 
    channel.close();
    connection.close();

 

接收方

 

    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
 
    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);//看一下Queue是否存在
 
    QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
    channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
 
    while (true) {
      QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();//阻塞，直到接收到一條消息
      String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
      System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
    }

 

 

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訂閱/發布Demo

 

發送消息給多個訂閱者

核心思想：消息發送給exchange，每個接收方 創建匿名Queue綁定到exchange，exchange發送消息給每個接收方。

 

Exchanges

 

在RabbitMQ完整的模型中，消息只能發送給一個exchange。

exchange一方面接收消息，另一方面push給queues。

 

exchange類型

> rabbitmqctl list_exchanges

direct

topic

headers

fanout 廣播消息給已知隊列

 

發送方

 

String EXCHANGE_NAME = "logs";
 
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 設置 exchange 類型
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME /*exchange名稱*/, "fanout"/*類型*/);
// 發布消息時，指定 exchange 名稱
channel.basicPublish( EXCHANGE_NAME , "", null, message.getBytes());
channel.close();
connection.close();

 

 

接收方（可多個同時運行）

 

ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
factory.setHost("localhost");
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 設置exchange名稱和類型
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
// 創建一個臨時的、帶有隨機名稱的Queue，用來與 exchange 綁定
String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
hannel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, ""); // 綁定
System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
while (true) {
            QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
            System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
 }

 

 

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Install

 

@Windows

1 先安裝Erlang。

2 官方網下載 .exe。

 

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管理

 

命令行管理

http://www.rabbitmq.com/man/rabbitmqctl.1.man.html

 

WebUI管理

> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

重啟后訪問 http://localhost:15672/

guest,guest

 

角色

management

policymaker

monitoring

administrator

 

添加用戶並分配角色

> rabbitmqctl add_user name pass

> rabbitmqctl set_user_tags name administrator

 

插件管理

啟用插件

> rabbitmq-plugins enable plugin-name

 

 

配置文件

etc\rabbitmq.config

 

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Refs

 

1 入門  http://www.rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html