今天無聊和朋友討論分頁,發現網上好多都是錯的。網上經常查到的那個Top Not in 或者Max 大部分都不實用,很多都忽略了Order和性能問題。為此上網查了查,順帶把2000和2012版本的也補上了。
先說說網上常見SQL的錯誤或者說局限問題
select top 10 * from table1 where id not in( select top 開始的位置 id from table1)
這樣的確是可以取到分頁數據,但是這是默認排序的,如果要按其中一列排序呢?那order by 加在哪里呢?里外都加,顯然不行,外面的Order不起作用,只能嵌套,Oh my god,編程三個Select了,這效率。
為了好用效率高,總體思路還是老老實實的用RowNumber解決,但是SQL2000沒有RowNumber,其實我們可以通過臨時表自增列搞定,不多說,上例子。
SQL 2000 用臨時表解決,通過在臨時表中增加自增列解決RowNumber。
DECLARE @Start INT DECLARE @End INT SELECT @Start = 14000,@End = 14050 CREATE TABLE #employees (RowNumber INT IDENTITY(1,1), LastName VARCHAR(100),FirstName VARCHAR(100), EmailAddress VARCHAR(100)) INSERT INTO #employees (LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress) SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress FROM Employee ORDER BY LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress FROM #employees WHERE RowNumber > @Start AND RowNumber <= @End DROP TABLE #employees GO
SQL 2005/2008 由於支持了Row_Number於是通過派生表的方式解決(兩個嵌套)
DECLARE @Start INT DECLARE @End INT SELECT @Start = 14000,@End = 14050 SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress FROM (SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress) AS RowNumber FROM Employee) EmployeePage WHERE RowNumber > @Start AND RowNumber <= @End ORDER BY LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress GO
SQL 2005/2008 或者用CTE的方式實現,和派生表一樣,就是好看點,執行計划都一樣。
DECLARE @Start INT DECLARE @End INT SELECT @Start = 14000,@End = 14050; WITH EmployeePage AS (SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress) AS RowNumber FROM Employee) SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress FROM EmployeePage WHERE RowNumber > @Start AND RowNumber <= @End ORDER BY LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress GO
SQL SERVER 2012 比較給力支持了OFFSET,於是一個Select結束戰斗
SELECT LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress FROM Employee ORDER BY LastName, FirstName, EmailAddress OFFSET 14000 ROWS FETCH NEXT 50 ROWS ONLY;
最后說下,根據老外的文章,在2012里,如果前面加上TOP(50),那么執行計划就會少讀很多行數據(讀的精准了),提高性能。但是鑒於本人手頭沒2012也無法測試。至少在2008R2上加不加TOP執行計划都一樣。