前陣子工作需要,要實現從數據庫中導出數據到Excel。老套路 先去百度上查閱資料,發現了以下幾種方法:
1:將DataGrid控件中的數據導出Excel
2:將dataview導出excel
3:從網頁上用html繪制Excel 表格 等。。
總體上感覺比較繁瑣 比如用dataview導出excel時, Excel表格的格式需要在程序中設置,不利於后期的修改維護。而ExcelPackage的優勢就是解放了在程序中設置格式的弊端,總體原理為:在相應路徑下放置一個Excel模板,執行導出操作時按照模板樣式在指定行插入數據,構建出一個模板樣式的新Excel。
excelpackage的官網:http://excelpackage.codeplex.com/ ,里面有所需的.dll文件和demo程序。
接下來是我應用Excelpackage導出Excel的小程序,就當拋磚引玉了~ 代碼如下:
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.IO;
using OfficeOpenXml;
namespace twins
{
public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void btnExcel_Click( object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// DataTable dt = getData().Tables[0];
FileInfo newFile = new FileInfo(Server.MapPath( " ~/new.xls ")); //生成的Excel,放在根目錄下了
string path = Server.MapPath( " ~/template.xls "); //模板Excel,放在根目錄下
FileInfo template = new FileInfo(path);
if (!template.Exists)
throw new Exception( " Template file does not exist! ");
using (ExcelPackage xlPackage = new ExcelPackage(newFile, template))
{
// uncomment this line if you want the XML written out to the outputDir
// xlPackage.DebugMode = true;
// get handle to the existing worksheet
ExcelWorksheet worksheet = xlPackage.Workbook.Worksheets[ " student "]; //Excel的sheet1位置
if (worksheet != null)
{
ExcelCell cell;
const int startRow = 3; //開始插入數據的數據行,自行設置
int row = startRow;
using (SqlDataReader sqlReader = getReader())
{
// get the data and fill rows 5 onwards
while (sqlReader.Read())
{
int col = 1;
// we have our total formula on row 7, so push them down so we can insert more data
if (row > startRow) worksheet.InsertRow(row);
// our query has the columns in the right order, so simply
// iterate through the columns
for ( int i = 0; i < sqlReader.FieldCount; i++)
{
// use the email address as a hyperlink for column 1
if (sqlReader.GetName(i) == " EmailAddress ")
{
// insert the email address as a hyperlink for the name
string hyperlink = " mailto: " + sqlReader.GetValue(i).ToString();
worksheet.Cell(row, 1).Hyperlink = new Uri(hyperlink, UriKind.Absolute);
}
else
{
// do not bother filling cell with blank data (also useful if we have a formula in a cell)
if (sqlReader.GetValue(i) != null)
worksheet.Cell(row, col).Value = sqlReader.GetValue(i).ToString();
col++;
}
}
row++;
}
sqlReader.Close();
// delete the two spare rows we have in the template
worksheet.DeleteRow(row, true);
worksheet.DeleteRow(row, true);
row--;
}
//用於設置excel表的格式
for ( int iCol = 1; iCol <= 5; iCol++)
{
cell = worksheet.Cell(startRow, iCol);
for ( int iRow = startRow; iRow <= row; iRow++)
{
worksheet.Cell(iRow, iCol).StyleID = cell.StyleID;
}
}
}
// save the new spreadsheet
try
{
xlPackage.Save(); //保存生成的Excel
}
catch(Exception e3){
}
}
}
protected SqlDataReader getReader()
{
const string connStr = " server=.;database =oz;Integrated Security =true ";
SqlConnection mySqlConnection = new SqlConnection(connStr); // 新建連接對象
string sqlStr = " select name,sex,tel,email,job from student "; // SQL語句
mySqlConnection.Open(); // 打開連接
SqlCommand common = new SqlCommand(sqlStr, mySqlConnection);
SqlDataReader sdr = common.ExecuteReader();
return sdr;
}
}
}
在根目錄下放置一個template.xls文件--用於模板。我的模板如下圖所示:
運行程序,會把數據庫student表中數據插入到excel中,我本機的student表如下圖所示:
之后在根目錄下會看到生成一個新Excel文件-new.xls. 迫不及待的打開,看到如下圖 所示:
成功!!!
值得注意的是:
1:執行程序之后,template.xls是不會變的(它只是一個模板),改變的只有新生成的new.xls
2:new.xls 1,2行中靜態的標題和標頭的樣式和模板是一致的,而動態的數據樣式可以在模板excel中設置。在我此程序設置的方法為:在模板的第三行,右擊鼠標->設置單元格格式->對齊居中,字體華文行楷。 設置后生成的excel中就能出現上圖所示的效果,是不是很方便吶~
3: 經測試,2步驟的設置貌似只能在Excel2007中生效,也就是說如果在excel2003中設置字體和居中都是無效的!我也沒有辦法,同學們可以自己試一試 如果可以的話告訴我一聲啊。