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Redis雙機熱備方案--轉

本文轉載自   查看原文   2014-01-18 14:57   14612    redis/memcached/mongodb

http://luyx30.blog.51cto.com/1029851/1350832

參考資料：

 

http://patrick-tang.blogspot.com/2012/06/redis-keepalived-failover-system.html

http://deidara.blog.51cto.com/400447/302402

http://my.oschina.net/guol/blog/182491

http://shiguanghui.iteye.com/blog/2001499

 

背景

 

目前，Redis集群的官方方案還處在開發測試中，未集成到穩定版中。且目前官方開發中的Redis Cluster提供的功能尚不完善（可參考官方網站或http://www.redisdoc.com/en/latest/topic/cluster-spec.html），在生產環境中不推薦使用。通過調研發現市面上要實現采用單一的IP來訪問，大多采用keepalived實現redis的雙機熱備作為過渡方案。

 

環境部署

 

環境介紹：    
Master: 192.168.1.218     redis，keepalived     
Slave: 192.168.1.219        redis，keepalived     
Virtural IP Address (VIP):  192.168.1.220

 

設計思路：

兩個redis server主從備份。提供redis 服務高可用；兩個keepalived 服務主從備份，提供VIP 服務的高可用。

1)每台redis server分別有主，從兩個配置文件(redis_master.conf, redis_slave.conf)，通過啟動腳本啟動服務，啟動腳本會檢測這個redis集群中的其他服務器的角色，如果有master 服務存在，則以slave角色啟動，否則將自己以master服務器啟動；

2) keepalived 監控腳本，定時（頻率：每秒一次）檢測當前服務器是否獲取集群VIP，如果獲取集群VIP，則將本服務器上的redis服務器設置為master。同時將遠端的其他redis服務器設置為slave；保證獲取集群VIP的redis 服務器角色為master，其他的設置為slave。

3) keepalived 監控腳本，還會自動檢測當前redis服務器是否正常，如果連續兩次檢測異常，則停掉本本機的keepalived服務，釋放集群VIP，讓去漂移到其他可以提供redis 服務的服務器上；

4)當 Master 與 Slave 均運作正常時, Master負責服務，Slave負責同步數據；當 Master 掛掉，Slave 正常時, Slave接管服務，同時關閉主從復制功能；當 Master 恢復正常，則從Slave同步數據，同步數據之后關閉主從復制功能，恢復Master身份，於此同時Slave等待Master同步數據完成之后，恢復Slave身份。然后依次循環。

 

實施步驟：

----創建專用用戶

useradd -g develop redisadmin    
echo Hisun@1125|passwd --stdin redisadmin

說明：以下部署過程都是在root(或具備sudo權限的賬號)賬戶下進行。

----安裝配置redis

1.下載redis源碼

cd

wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.3.tar.gz

2.安裝redis

tar -zxvf redis-2.8.3.tar.gz

cd redis-2.8.3

#reds的安裝可以不用執行configure

make

#測試

make test

####在速度較慢的機器上執行make test可能出現下列錯誤，無影響

#*** [err]: Test replication partial resync: no backlog in tests/integration/replication-psync.tcl

3.配置redis

#創建redis主目錄

mkdir -p /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/{bin,conf,logs}

cp -a -R -p src/redis-server /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/bin/

cp -a -R -p src/redis-cli /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/bin/

cp -a -R -p src/redis-benchmark /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/bin/

cp -a -R -p src/redis-sentinel /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/bin/

cp -a -R -p src/redis-check-dump /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/bin/

cp -a -R -p src/redis-check-aof /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/bin/

#創建redis啟動腳本

vi /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/redis-start.sh

####以下為master上的配置，slave上的配置只需要修改對應的LOCALIP和REMOTEIP即可。

#!/bin/bash
REDISPATH=/usr/local/redis-2.8.3
REDISCLI=$REDISPATH/bin/redis-cli
LOGFILE=$REDISPATH/logs/redis-state.log
LOCALIP=192.168.1.218
REMOTEIP=192.168.1.219


REMOTEREDISROLE=`$REDISCLI -h $REMOTEIP info | grep "role"`
if grep "role:master" <<< $REMOTEREDISROLE ; then
        #start as slave
        $REDISPATH/bin/redis-server $REDISPATH/conf/redis_slave.confif [ "$?" == "0" ];then
                echo "[INFO]`date +%F/%H:%M:%S` :$LOCALIP start as slave successful." >> $LOGFILEelseecho "[ERROR]`date +%F/%H:%M:%S` :$LOCALIP start as slave error." >> $LOGFILE
        fi
else#start as master
        $REDISPATH/bin/redis-server $REDISPATH/conf/redis_master.confif [ "$?" == "0" ];then
                echo "[INFO]`date +%F/%H:%M:%S` :$LOCALIP start as master successful." >> $LOGFILEelseecho "[ERROR]`date +%F/%H:%M:%S` :$LOCALIP start as master error." >> $LOGFILE
        fi
fi
#創建redis關閉腳本
vi /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/redis-stop.sh
####以下為master上的配置，slave上的配置相同。 
#!/bin/bash
REDISPATH=/usr/local/redis-2.8.3
LOGFILE=$REDISPATH/logs/redis-state.log
kill -9 `ps -ef|grep '/bin/redis-server'|grep -v grep|awk  '{print $2}'`
if [ "$?" == "0" ];then
        echo "[INFO]`date +%F/%H:%M:%S` :redis shutdown completed!" >> $LOGFILE
elseecho "[ERROR]`date +%F/%H:%M:%S` :redis is not started." >> $LOGFILE
fi


#創建redis配置文件
cp -a -R -p redis.conf /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/conf/redis_master.conf
cp -a -R -p redis.conf /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/conf/redis_slave.conf
#修改redis_master.conf對應配置項： 
####192.168.1.218主服務器redis_master.conf對應配置項######
#daemonize no
daemonize yes
#bind 127.0.0.1
bind 192.168.1.218
logfile "/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/logs/redis.log"
#其他配置依據實際生產環境修改
########################################################
####192.168.1.219從服務器redis_master.conf對應配置項######
#daemonize no
daemonize yes
#bind 127.0.0.1
bind 192.168.1.219
logfile "/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/logs/redis.log"
#其他配置依據實際生產環境修改
########################################################
#修改redis_slave.conf對應配置項： 
####192.168.1.218主服務器redis_slave.conf對應配置項#######
#daemonize no
daemonize yes
#bind 127.0.0.1
bind 192.168.1.218
logfile "/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/logs/redis.log"
# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
slaveof 192.168.1.219 6379
#其他配置依據實際生產環境修改
########################################################
####192.168.1.219從服務器redis_slave.conf對應配置項#######
#daemonize no
daemonize yes
#bind 127.0.0.1
bind 192.168.1.219
logfile "/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/logs/redis.log"
# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
slaveof 192.168.1.218 6379
#其他配置依據實際生產環境修改
########################################################

#修改redis的屬主和權限

chmod –R 750 /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/

chown –R redisadmin:develop /usr/local/redis-2.8.3/

----安裝配置keepalived   

1.下載keepalived源碼Release 1.2.9

注意：最新版為1.2.10測試過程中出錯.   
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.9.tar.gz
2.安裝keepalived

需要安裝以下依賴包： make gcc libpopt-dev libnl-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev popt openssl   
cd

tar –zxvf keepalived-1.2.9.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.9

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make && make install

3.配置keepalived

#在Master和Slave上創建如下配置文件（可根據實際情況調整）：

mv  /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf-bak   
vim /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vrrp_script chk_redis {
        script "/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/scripts/chk_redis.sh"   ###監控腳本
        interval 2                                        ###監控時間
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state MASTER                            ###設置為MASTER
        interface eth3                          ###監控網卡,依據實際情況來定  
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 101                            ###權重值
        advert_int 1 
        authentication {
                     auth_type PASS             ###加密
                     auth_pass redis            ###密碼
        }
        track_script {
                chk_redis                       ###執行上面定義的chk_redis
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
             192.168.1.220                         ###VIP
        }
}

在Master和Slave上創建監控Redis的腳本   
mkdir /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/scripts   
vi /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/scripts/chk_redis.sh

####以下為master上的配置，slave上的配置只需要修改對應的LOCALIP和REMOTEIP即可。

#!/bin/bash
REDISPATH=/usr/local/redis-2.8.3
REDISCLI=$REDISPATH/bin/redis-cli
LOGFILE=$REDISPATH/logs/redis-state.log
LOCALIP=192.168.1.218
REMOTEIP=192.168.1.219
VIP=192.168.1.220

VIPALIVE=`ip a | grep "$VIP"`
if [ "$VIPALIVE" == "" ]; then
	echo "[info]:"`date`" keepalived server is pengding or stop" >> $LOGFILE
else
	echo "bbb" >> $LOGFILE
	#check local service is running
	if [ "`$REDISCLI –h $LOCALIP –p 6379 PING`" == "PONG" ]; then
		# check local redis server role.
		REDISROLE=`$REDISCLI info | grep "role"`
		if grep "role:slave" <<< $REDISROLE ; then
			#change local redis server as master 
			echo "[info1]:"`date`" Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
			$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

			#change remoting redis server as slave
			REMOTEREDISROLE=`$REDISCLI -h $REMOTEIP info | grep "role"`
			if grep "role:master" <<< $REMOTEREDISROLE ; then
				echo "[info2]:"`date`" Run remote server SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
				$REDISCLI -h $REMOTEIP SLAVEOF $LOCALIP 6379 >> $LOGFILE  2>&1
			fi
		else
			REMOTEREDISROLE=`$REDISCLI -h $REMOTEIP info | grep "role"`
			if grep "role:master" <<< $REMOTEREDISROLE ; then
				echo "[info3]:"`date`" Run remote server SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
				$REDISCLI -h $REMOTEIP SLAVEOF $LOCALIP 6379 >> $LOGFILE  2>&1
			fi
		fi	
	else
		echo "[warn]:"`date`"  redis server($LOCALIP) is not health..." >> $LOGFILE
		sleep 1
		if [ "`$REDISCLI –h $LOCALIP –p 6379 PING`" != "PONG" ]; then
			echo "[error]:"`date`"  redis server($LOCALIP) will be stop..." >> $LOGFILE
			service keepalived stop
		fi
	fi
fi
重要：將相應的配置文件放到相應的地方.

#首先在2台服務器上設置keepalived的啟動文件：

cp -a -R -p /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived

chmod 750 /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived

chown root /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived 
#然后在2台服務器上創建配置文件的鏈接：

mkdir /etc/keepalived/

ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived

 

系統測試

 

 

 

注意:一定要先啟動redis，再啟動keealived，否則redis_check.sh會將keepalived自動關閉。

腳本創建完成以后，我們開始按照如下流程進行測試：   
1.啟動Master上的Redis   
/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/redis-start.sh

#關閉時，直接殺死進程或執行以下腳本

/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/redis-stop.sh

2.啟動Slave上的Redis   
/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/redis-start.sh

#關閉時，直接殺死進程或執行以下腳本

#/usr/local/redis-2.8.3/redis-stop.sh

3.啟動Master上的Keepalived   
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

#關閉方法

#/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived stop

4.啟動Slave上的Keepalived   
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

#關閉方法

#/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived stop

 

繼續優化中，未完結。


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